Spring MVC文件上传教程
1- 介绍
这篇教程文章是基于 Spring MVC来实现文件的上传功能,这里主要是实现两个功能:1、上传单个文件并将其移动到对应的上传目录;2、一次上传多个文件并将它们存储在指定文件夹下,接下来我们一步步地实现。
2- 创建工程
- File/New/Other..
输入:
- Group ID: com.yiibai
- Artifact ID: SpringMVCFileUpload
- Package: com.yiibai.springmvcfileupload
这样,工程就被创建了,如下图所示:
![](https://www.yiibai.com/uploads/tutorial/20160119/1-16011921541R96.png)
不要担心项目被创建时有错误消息。原因是,你还没有声明的Servlet库。
注意:
Eclipse 4.4 (Luna) 创建 Maven 项目结构可能会有错误,需要修复它。
![](https://www.yiibai.com/uploads/tutorial/20160119/1-160119215441401.png)
![](https://www.yiibai.com/uploads/tutorial/20160119/1-160119215441401.png)
3- 配置Maven
- pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.yiibai</groupId> <artifactId>SpringMVCFileUpload</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>SpringMVCFileUpload Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- Servlet API --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- Jstl for jsp page --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- JSP API --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/jsp-api --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- Spring dependencies --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- Apache Commons FileUpload --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <!-- Apache Commons IO --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>SpringMVCFileUpload</finalName> <plugins> <!-- Config: Maven Tomcat Plugin --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat.maven/tomcat7-maven-plugin --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> <!-- Config: contextPath and Port (Default - /SpringMVCFileUpload : 8080) --> <!-- <configuration> <path>/</path> <port>8899</port> </configuration> --> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
4- 配置Spring
配置 web.xml.
SpringContextListener 将读取参数 contextConfigLocation 在配置文件:
- WEB-INF/web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- Other XML Configuration --> <!-- Load by Spring ContextLoaderListener --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> /WEB-INF/root-context.xml </param-value> </context-param> <!-- Spring ContextLoaderListener --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> </web-app>
配置 Spring MVC:
- WEB-INF/spring-mvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd"> <!-- Package Scan --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.yiibai.springmvcfileupload" /> <!-- Enables the Spring MVC Annotation Configuration --> <context:annotation-config /> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix"> <value>/WEB-INF/pages/</value> </property> <property name="suffix"> <value>.jsp</value> </property> </bean> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <!-- Maximum file size: 1MB --> <!-- 1MB = 125000 Byte --> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="125000" /> </bean> </beans>
- WEB-INF/root-context.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!-- Empty --> </beans>
5- Java类
- MyFileUploadController.java
package com.yiibai.springmvcfileupload; import java.io.BufferedOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; @Controller public class MyFileUploadController { // Upload One File. @RequestMapping(value = "/uploadOneFile") public String uploadOneFileHandler() { // Forward to "/WEB-INF/pages/uploadOneFile.jsp". return "uploadOneFile"; } // Upload Multi File. @RequestMapping(value = "/uploadMultiFile") public String uploadMultiFileHandler() { // Forward to "/WEB-INF/pages/uploadMultiFile.jsp". return "uploadMultiFile"; } // uploadOneFile.jsp, uploadMultiFile.jsp submit to. @RequestMapping(value = "/doUpload", method = RequestMethod.POST) public String uploadFileHandler(HttpServletRequest request, Model model, @RequestParam("file") MultipartFile[] files) { // Root Directory. String uploadRootPath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath( "upload"); System.out.println("uploadRootPath=" + uploadRootPath); File uploadRootDir = new File(uploadRootPath); // // Create directory if it not exists. if (!uploadRootDir.exists()) { uploadRootDir.mkdirs(); } // List<File> uploadedFiles = new ArrayList<File>(); for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++) { MultipartFile file = files[i]; // Client File Name String name = file.getOriginalFilename(); System.out.println("Client File Name = " + name); if (name != null && name.length() > 0) { try { byte[] bytes = file.getBytes(); // Create the file on server File serverFile = new File(uploadRootDir.getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + name); // Stream to write data to file in server. BufferedOutputStream stream = new BufferedOutputStream( new FileOutputStream(serverFile)); stream.write(bytes); stream.close(); // uploadedFiles.add(serverFile); System.out.println("Write file: " + serverFile); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("Error Write file: " + name); } } } model.addAttribute("uploadedFiles", uploadedFiles); return "uploadResult"; } }
6- 视图(JSP)
- uploadOneFile.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Upload One File</title> </head> <body> <h3>Upload One File:</h3> <form method="POST" action="doUpload" enctype="multipart/form-data"> File to upload: <input type="file" name="file"><br /> <input type="submit" value="Upload"> </form> </body> </html>
- uploadMultiFile.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Upload Multi File</title> </head> <body> <h3>Upload Multiple File:</h3> <form method="POST" action="doUpload" enctype="multipart/form-data"> File to upload (1): <input type="file" name="file"><br /> File to upload (2): <input type="file" name="file"><br /> File to upload (3): <input type="file" name="file"><br /> File to upload (4): <input type="file" name="file"><br /> File to upload (5): <input type="file" name="file"><br /> <input type="submit" value="Upload"> </form> </body> </html>
- uploadResult.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Upload Result</title> </head> <body> <h3>Uploaded Files:</h3> <c:forEach items="${uploadedFiles}" var="file"> - ${file} <br> </c:forEach> </body> </html>
7- 运行应用程序
首先,运行应用程序之前,你需要构建整个项目。
右键单击该项目并选择:
![](https://www.yiibai.com/uploads/tutorial/20160119/1-160119221406238.png)
![](https://www.yiibai.com/uploads/tutorial/20160119/1-160119221439208.png)
![](https://www.yiibai.com/uploads/tutorial/20160119/1-160119221406238.png)
![](https://www.yiibai.com/uploads/tutorial/20160119/1-160119221439208.png)
运行配置:
![](https://www.yiibai.com/uploads/tutorial/20160119/1-16011922150DQ.png)
输入:
- Name: Run SpringMVCFileUpload
- Base directory: ${workspace_loc:/SpringMVCFileUpload}
- Goals: tomcat7:run
点击运行(Run):
- http://localhost:8080/SpringMVCFileUpload/uploadOneFile
- http://localhost:8080/SpringMVCFileUpload/uploadMultiFile
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