安装apache

1.安装apache2
sudo apt-get install apache2

2.安装php
sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5
sudo apt-get install php5

3.安装sql服务器
sudo apt-get install mysql-server
sudo apt-get install php5-mysql

5.修改web目录权限
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www

6.在/var/www新建目录niot，并将网站内容全部放到此目录

7.在/etc/apache2/sites-available/目录下建立文件niot.conf，内容如下：
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteOptions Inherit
    DocumentRoot /var/www/niot
    <Directory />
        Options FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
    </Directory>
    <Directory /var/www/niot>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all
    </Directory>
 ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
 CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

8.建立配置文件软链接并删除默认有效配置：
sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/sites-available/niot.conf /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/niot.conf
sudo rm /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf(任何非niot.conf的其他文件)
9. 使apache支持 rewrite 模块（去掉index.php）
sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/mods-available/rewrite.load /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/rewrite.load
10. 添加 rewrite 规则 （网站根目录的 .htaccess 文件）
RewriteEngine on                                                                                                                
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond $1 !^(index\.php|images|robots\.txt)
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /bill/index.php/$1 [L]

11.重启apache
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart