1. xml模块
引用参考原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/python-gm/p/8032465.html 谢谢
xml是实现不同语言或程序之间进行数据交换的协议，跟json差不多，但json使用起来更简单，不过，古时候，
在json还没诞生的黑暗年代，大家只能选择用xml呀，至今很多传统公司如金融行业的很多系统的接口还主要是xml。
xml的格式如下，就是通过<>节点来区别数据结构的:
1 <?xml version="1.0"?> 2 <data> 3 <country name="Liechtenstein"> 4 <rank updated="yes">2</rank> 5 <year>2008</year> 6 <gdppc>141100</gdppc> 7 <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/> 8 <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/> 9 </country> 10 <country name="Singapore"> 11 <rank updated="yes">5</rank> 12 <year>2011</year> 13 <gdppc>59900</gdppc> 14 <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/> 15 </country> 16 <country name="Panama"> 17 <rank updated="yes">69</rank> 18 <year>2011</year> 19 <gdppc>13600</gdppc> 20 <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/> 21 <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/> 22 </country> 23 </data>
怎样用python处理xml ?
xml协议在各个语言里都是支持的，在python中可以用以下模块操作xml.
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml") #指向需要操作的 .xml 文件
root = tree.getroot()
print(root.tag)
# 遍历xml文档
for child in root:
print(child.tag, child.attrib)
for i in child:
print(i.tag, i.text)
print(20*'==')
# 只遍历year 节点
for node in root.iter('year'):
print(node.tag, node.text)
运行结果：
data
country {'name': 'Liechtenstein'}
rank 2
year 2008
gdppc 141100
neighbor None
neighbor None
country {'name': 'Singapore'}
rank 5
year 2011
gdppc 59900
neighbor None
country {'name': 'Panama'}
rank 69
year 2011
gdppc 13600
neighbor None
neighbor None
========================================
year 2008
year 2011
year 2011
2）修改和删除xml文档内容
1 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
2
3 tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")
4 root = tree.getroot()
5
6 #修改
7 for node in root.iter('year'):
8 new_year = int(node.text) + 1
9 node.text = str(new_year)
10 node.set("updated","yes")
11
12 tree.write("xmltest.xml")
13
14
15 #删除node
16 for country in root.findall('country'):
17 rank = int(country.find('rank').text)
18 if rank > 50:
19 root.remove(country)
20
21 tree.write('output.xml')
3）自己创建xml文档
1 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
2
3
4 new_xml = ET.Element("namelist")
5 name = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"})
6 age = ET.SubElement(name,"age",attrib={"checked":"no"})
7 sex = ET.SubElement(name,"sex")
8 sex.text = '33'
9 name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"no"})
10 age = ET.SubElement(name2,"age")
11 age.text = '19'
12
13 et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml) #生成文档对象
14 et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True)
15
16 ET.dump(new_xml) #打印生成的格式
