Apache Tomcat 之路（三 部署多个应用）
想要在一台服务器上部署多个web应用的时候有两种部署方式：1.拷贝多个tomcat 服务器，每个服务器启动不同的web应用;2.一个tomcat容器部署多个web应用
两种方式的优缺点：多个tomcat容器，多个应用程序。缺点：每启动一个tomcat实例将创建一个进程，进程很消耗资源的。当系统有多个应用程序的时，过多的资源消耗在tomcat上，这是不需要的消耗。
一个tomcat多个应用程序。优点：只需要启动一个tomcat进程，就可以部署多个web应用程序。缺点：当想要重启其中一个应用程序的时候，所有部署在这个tocmat容器下的应用都将重启。
下面来介绍这两种的方式的配置
（一） 一台服务器，启动多个tomcat进程，每个进程部署一个web应用。
1.将下载的apache tocmat 拷贝多份。这里我用的web应用程序是同一个，但是部署在不同的tomcat容器中，达到的效果就是一台服务器部署不同的web应用程序。
2.配置server.xml 文件，一下会有几点需要注意的，我会在下面列出来
apache tomcat1 的server.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <Server port="8007" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener"/> <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" /> --> <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html --> <Listener SSLEngine="on" className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"/> <!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html --> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"/> <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs--> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener"/> <GlobalNamingResources> <Resource auth="Container" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" name="UserDatabase" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"/> </GlobalNamingResources> <Service name="Catalina">
<!-- 端口号：这是区分不同应用程序的第一步：不同的web应用必须部署在不同的端口号上--> <Connector connectionTimeout="20000" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443"/> <Connector port="8011" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443"/> <Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm>
<!-- appBase 是默认的应用存放目录，webapps 代表的是%CATALINA_HONE%\webapps 文件夹--> <Host appBase="webapps" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true"> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"/>
<!--docBase:web应用的存放路径 path:url访问的虚拟路径 --> <Context docBase="D:\myCat\testApach1\webapps\springmvcmaven" path="/test" reloadable="true" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> </Server>
访问的地址：http://localhost:8080/test/views/login.jsp
apache tomcat2 的server.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener"/> <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" /> --> <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html --> <Listener SSLEngine="on" className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"/> <!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html --> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"/> <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs--> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener"/> <GlobalNamingResources> <Resource auth="Container" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" name="UserDatabase" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"/> </GlobalNamingResources> <Service name="Catalina"> <Connector connectionTimeout="20000" port="8090" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443"/> <Connector port="8001" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443"/> <Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm> <Host appBase="D:\myCat\project" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true"> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"/> <Context docBase="D:\myCat\project\springmvcmaven" path="/" reloadable="true" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> </Server>
访问路径：http://localhost:8090/views/login.jsp
可以看出tomcat1 和 tomcat2 采用了两种不同的部署方式，当启动这两个容器的时候，发现只能启动端口号为8090 的服务器。
原因：在系统的环境变量中只设置CATALINA_HOME 为tomcat2 所在的root目录，当点击startup.bat启动脚本的时候默认的获取系统变量中CATALINA_HOME apache tomcat 的安装目录，所以每次启动的都是同一个tomcat，当启动的tocmat是同一个的时候端口号冲突，
tocmat 就是一闪而过，启动失败。
解决办法：将环境变量中的CATALINA_HOME 的配置删除
（二） 一个tomcat 中部署多个web应用
server.xml 配置文件如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --><!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level. Documentation at /docs/config/server.html --><Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener"/> <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" /> --> <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html --> <Listener SSLEngine="on" className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"/> <!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html --> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"/> <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs--> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener"/> <!-- Global JNDI resources Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html --> <GlobalNamingResources> <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users --> <Resource auth="Container" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" name="UserDatabase" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"/> </GlobalNamingResources> <!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share a single "Container" Note: A "Service" is not itself a "Container", so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level. Documentation at /docs/config/service.html --> <Service name="Catalina"> <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools--> <!-- <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/> --> <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received and responses are returned. Documentation at : Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking) Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080 --> <Connector connectionTimeout="20000" port="8090" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443"/> <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool--> <!-- <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> --> <!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 This connector uses the BIO implementation that requires the JSSE style configuration. When using the APR/native implementation, the OpenSSL style configuration is required as described in the APR/native documentation --> <!-- <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol" maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" scheme="https" secure="true" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" /> --> <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 --> <Connector port="8001" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443"/> <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them on to the appropriate Host (virtual host). Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html --> <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie : <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1"> --> <Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina"> <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at: /docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to) /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) --> <!-- <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/> --> <!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords via a brute-force attack --> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately available for use by the Realm. --> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm> <Host appBase="D:\myCat\project" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true"> <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --> <!-- <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" /> --> <!-- Access log processes all example. Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" --> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"/> <Context docBase="D:\myCat\project\springmvcmaven" path="/" reloadable="true" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> <Service name="Catalina1"> <Connector connectionTimeout="20000" port="8070" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443"/> <Connector port="8002" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443"/> <Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina1"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm> <Host appBase="webapps" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true"> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"/> <Context docBase="D:\myCat\apache-tomcat-7.0.73\webapps\springmvcmaven" path="/test2" reloadable="true" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> </Server>
当运行startup.bat 脚本的时候，这个tomcat下所有的web应用都启动了。
访问路径：http://localhost:8090/views/login.jsp
http://localhost:8070/test2/views/login.jsp
