一步一步跟我学习lucene(18)---lucene索引时join和查询时join使用演示样例
了解sql的朋友都知道,我们在查询的时候能够採用join查询,即对有一定关联关系的对象进行联合查询来对多维的数据进行整理。这个联合查询的方式挺方便的。跟我们现实生活中的托人找关系类似,我们想要完毕一件事。先找自己的熟人,然后通过熟人在一次找到其它,终于通过这样的手段找到想要联系到的人。
有点类似于”世间万物皆有联系“的感觉。
lucene的join包提供了索引时join和查询时join的功能。
Index-time join
大意是索引时join提供了查询时join的支持,且IndexWriter.addDocuments()方法调用时被join的documents以单个document块存储索引。索引时join对普通文本内容(如xml文档或数据库表)是方便可用的。特别是对类似于数据库的那种多表关联的情况,我们须要对提供关联关系的列提供join支持;
在索引时join的时候,索引中的documents被切割成parent documents(每一个索引块的最后一个document)和child documents (除了parent documents外的全部documents). 因为lucene并不记录doc块的信息,我们须要提供一个Filter来标示parent documents。
在搜索结果的时候。我们利用ToParentBlockJoinQuery来从child query到parent document space来remap/join相应的结果。
假设我们仅仅关注匹配查询条件的parent documents,我们能够用随意的collector来採集匹配到的parent documents;假设我们还想採集匹配parent document查询条件的child documents,我们就须要利用ToParentBlockJoinCollector来进行查询。一旦查询完毕,我们能够利用ToParentBlockJoinCollector.getTopGroups()来获取匹配条件的TopGroups.
Query-time joins
查询时join是基于索引词,事实上现有两步:
- 第一步先从匹配fromQuery的fromField中採集全部的数据。
- 从第一步得到的数据中筛选出全部符合条件的documents
查询时join接收一下输入參数:
- fromField:fromField的名称,即要join的documents中的字段;
- formQuery: 用户的查询条件
- multipleValuesPerDocument: fromField在document是否是多个值
- scoreMode:定义other join side中score是怎样被使用的。假设不关注scoring,我们仅仅须要设置成ScoreMode.None,此种方式会忽略评分因此会更高效和节约内存。
- toField:toField的名称。即要join的toField的在相应的document中的字段
通常查询时join的实现类似于例如以下:
String fromField = "from"; // Name of the from field boolean multipleValuesPerDocument = false; // Set only yo true in the case when your fromField has multiple values per document in your index String toField = "to"; // Name of the to field ScoreMode scoreMode = ScoreMode.Max // Defines how the scores are translated into the other side of the join. Query fromQuery = new TermQuery(new Term("content", searchTerm)); // Query executed to collect from values to join to the to values Query joinQuery = JoinUtil.createJoinQuery(fromField, multipleValuesPerDocument, toField, fromQuery, fromSearcher, scoreMode); TopDocs topDocs = toSearcher.search(joinQuery, 10); // Note: toSearcher can be the same as the fromSearcher // Render topDocs...
查询演示样例
这里我们模拟6组数据。演示样例代码例如以下
package com.lucene.index.test; import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals; import java.nio.file.Paths; import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer; import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer; import org.apache.lucene.document.Document; import org.apache.lucene.document.Field; import org.apache.lucene.document.SortedDocValuesField; import org.apache.lucene.document.TextField; import org.apache.lucene.index.DirectoryReader; import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader; import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter; import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriterConfig; import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriterConfig.OpenMode; import org.apache.lucene.index.Term; import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher; import org.apache.lucene.search.Query; import org.apache.lucene.search.TermQuery; import org.apache.lucene.search.TopDocs; import org.apache.lucene.search.join.JoinUtil; import org.apache.lucene.search.join.ScoreMode; import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory; import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory; import org.apache.lucene.util.BytesRef; import org.junit.Test; public class TestJoin { @Test public void testSimple() throws Exception { final String idField = "id"; final String toField = "productId"; Directory dir = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("index")); Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer(); IndexWriterConfig config = new IndexWriterConfig(analyzer); config.setOpenMode(OpenMode.CREATE); IndexWriter w = new IndexWriter(dir, config); // 0 Document doc = new Document(); doc.add(new TextField("description", "random text", Field.Store.YES)); doc.add(new TextField("name", "name1", Field.Store.YES)); doc.add(new TextField(idField, "1", Field.Store.YES)); doc.add(new SortedDocValuesField(idField, new BytesRef("1"))); w.addDocument(doc); // 1 Document doc1 = new Document(); doc1.add(new TextField("price", "10.0", Field.Store.YES)); doc1.add(new TextField(idField, "2", Field.Store.YES)); doc1.add(new SortedDocValuesField(idField, new BytesRef("2"))); doc1.add(new TextField(toField, "1", Field.Store.YES)); doc1.add(new SortedDocValuesField(toField, new BytesRef("1"))); w.addDocument(doc1); // 2 Document doc2 = new Document(); doc2.add(new TextField("price", "20.0", Field.Store.YES)); doc2.add(new TextField(idField, "3", Field.Store.YES)); doc2.add(new SortedDocValuesField(idField, new BytesRef("3"))); doc2.add(new TextField(toField, "1", Field.Store.YES)); doc2.add(new SortedDocValuesField(toField, new BytesRef("1"))); w.addDocument(doc2); // 3 Document doc3 = new Document(); doc3.add(new TextField("description", "more random text", Field.Store.YES)); doc3.add(new TextField("name", "name2", Field.Store.YES)); doc3.add(new TextField(idField, "4", Field.Store.YES)); doc3.add(new SortedDocValuesField(idField, new BytesRef("4"))); w.addDocument(doc3); // 4 Document doc4 = new Document(); doc4.add(new TextField("price", "10.0", Field.Store.YES)); doc4.add(new TextField(idField, "5", Field.Store.YES)); doc4.add(new SortedDocValuesField(idField, new BytesRef("5"))); doc4.add(new TextField(toField, "4", Field.Store.YES)); doc4.add(new SortedDocValuesField(toField, new BytesRef("4"))); w.addDocument(doc4); // 5 Document doc5 = new Document(); doc5.add(new TextField("price", "20.0", Field.Store.YES)); doc5.add(new TextField(idField, "6", Field.Store.YES)); doc5.add(new SortedDocValuesField(idField, new BytesRef("6"))); doc5.add(new TextField(toField, "4", Field.Store.YES)); doc5.add(new SortedDocValuesField(toField, new BytesRef("4"))); w.addDocument(doc5); //6 Document doc6 = new Document(); doc6.add(new TextField(toField, "4", Field.Store.YES)); doc6.add(new SortedDocValuesField(toField, new BytesRef("4"))); w.addDocument(doc6); w.commit(); w.close(); IndexReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(dir); IndexSearcher indexSearcher = new IndexSearcher(reader); // Search for product Query joinQuery = JoinUtil.createJoinQuery(idField, false, toField, new TermQuery(new Term("name", "name2")), indexSearcher, ScoreMode.None); System.out.println(joinQuery); TopDocs result = indexSearcher.search(joinQuery, 10); System.out.println("查询到的匹配数据:"+result.totalHits); joinQuery = JoinUtil.createJoinQuery(idField, false, toField, new TermQuery(new Term("name", "name1")), indexSearcher, ScoreMode.None); result = indexSearcher.search(joinQuery, 10); System.out.println("查询到的匹配数据:"+result.totalHits); // Search for offer joinQuery = JoinUtil.createJoinQuery(toField, false, idField, new TermQuery(new Term("id", "5")), indexSearcher, ScoreMode.None); result = indexSearcher.search(joinQuery, 10); System.out.println("查询到的匹配数据:"+result.totalHits); indexSearcher.getIndexReader().close(); dir.close(); } }
程序的执行结果例如以下:
查询到的匹配数据:3 查询到的匹配数据:2 查询到的匹配数据:1
以第一个查询为例:
我们在查询的时候先依据name=name2这个查询条件找到记录为doc3的document,因为查询的是toField匹配的,我们在依据doc3找到其toField的值为4,然后查询条件变为productId:4,找出除本条记录外的其它数据。结果正好为3。符合条件。
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