java Web jsp和servlet的关系
JSP在本质上就是SERVLET,但是两者的创建方式不一样
Servlet完全是JAVA程序代码构成,擅长于流程控制和事务处理,通过Servlet来生成动态网页很不直观
JSP由HTML代码和JSP标签构成,可以方便地编写动态网页
因此在实际应用中采用Servlet来控制业务流程,而采用JSP来生成动态网页
简单的说,SUN首先发展出SERVLET,其功能比较强劲,体系设计也很先进,只是,它输出HTML语句还是采用了老的CGI方式,是一句一句输出,所以,编写和修改HTML非常不方便。 后来SUN推出了类似于.NET中的ASP的镶嵌型的JSP,把JSP TAG镶嵌到HTML语句中,这样,就大大简化和方便了网页的设计和修改。新型的网络语言如ASP,PHP,JSP都是镶嵌型的SCRIPT语言。
1 jsp经编译后就变成了Servlet
(JSP的本质就是Servlet,JVM只能识别java的类,不能识别JSP的代码,Web容器将JSP的代码编译成JVM能够识别的java类)
2 jsp更擅长表现于页面显示,servlet更擅长于逻辑控制.
3 Servlet中没有内置对象,Jsp中的内置对象都是必须通过HttpServletRequest对象,HttpServletResponse对象以及HttpServlet对象得到.
Jsp是Servlet的一种简化,使用Jsp只需要完成程序员需要输出到客户端的内容,Jsp中的Java脚本如何镶嵌到一个类中,由Jsp容器完成。
而Servlet则是个完整的Java类,这个类的Service方法用于生成对客户端的响应。
通过代码来解释一下:
login.jsp文件内容:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>登录测试</title> </head> <body> <form action="/test/LogInServlet" method="post"> <table> <tr> <td>用户名</td> <td><input type="text" name="uname" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>密码</td> <td><input type="password" name="psw" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><input type="submit" value="提交"/></td> </tr> </table> </form> </body> </html>
这个jsp文件在编译后会变成java文件login_jsp.java 如下:
这个java类继承了HttpJspBase 而HttpJspBase继承了HttpServlet 也就是说被编译成了一个servlet
/* * Generated by the Jasper component of Apache Tomcat * Version: Apache Tomcat/7.0.82 * Generated at: 2018-06-26 03:54:34 UTC * Note: The last modified time of this file was set to * the last modified time of the source file after * generation to assist with modification tracking. */ package org.apache.jsp; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.http.*; import javax.servlet.jsp.*; public final class login_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent { private static final javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory _jspxFactory = javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory.getDefaultFactory(); private static java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> _jspx_dependants; private volatile javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory; private volatile org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_instancemanager; public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> getDependants() { return _jspx_dependants; } public javax.el.ExpressionFactory _jsp_getExpressionFactory() { if (_el_expressionfactory == null) { synchronized (this) { if (_el_expressionfactory == null) { _el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory(); } } } return _el_expressionfactory; } public org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_getInstanceManager() { if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) { synchronized (this) { if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) { _jsp_instancemanager = org.apache.jasper.runtime.InstanceManagerFactory.getInstanceManager(getServletConfig()); } } } return _jsp_instancemanager; } //servlet中的init public void _jspInit() { } //servlet中的destory public void _jspDestroy() { } //servlet中的service public void _jspService(final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) throws java.io.IOException, javax.servlet.ServletException { final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext; javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null; final javax.servlet.ServletContext application; final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config; javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null; final java.lang.Object page = this; javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter _jspx_out = null; javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext _jspx_page_context = null; try { response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response, null, true, 8192, true); _jspx_page_context = pageContext; application = pageContext.getServletContext(); config = pageContext.getServletConfig(); session = pageContext.getSession(); out = pageContext.getOut(); _jspx_out = out; //我们在js页面上写的html标签 out.write("\r\n"); out.write("\r\n"); out.write("<html>\r\n"); out.write("<head>\r\n"); out.write(" <title>登录</title>\r\n"); out.write("</head>\r\n"); out.write("<body>\r\n"); out.write(" <form action=\"/test/LogInServlet\" method=\"post\">\r\n"); out.write(" <table>\r\n"); out.write(" <tr>\r\n"); out.write(" <td>用户名</td>\r\n"); out.write(" <td><input type=\"text\" name=\"uname\" /></td>\r\n"); out.write(" </tr>\r\n"); out.write(" <tr>\r\n"); out.write(" <td>密码</td>\r\n"); out.write(" <td><input type=\"password\" name=\"psw\" /></td>\r\n"); out.write(" </tr>\r\n"); out.write(" <tr>\r\n"); out.write(" <td><input type=\"submit\" value=\"提交\"/></td>\r\n"); out.write(" </tr>\r\n"); out.write(" </table>\r\n"); out.write(" </form>\r\n"); out.write("</body>\r\n"); out.write("</html>\r\n"); } catch (java.lang.Throwable t) { if (!(t instanceof javax.servlet.jsp.SkipPageException)){ out = _jspx_out; if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0) try { if (response.isCommitted()) { out.flush(); } else { out.clearBuffer(); } } catch (java.io.IOException e) {} if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t); else throw new ServletException(t); } } finally { _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context); } } }
通过代码我们发现 jsp文件在编译的时候 会编译成servlet来交给jvm去执行 所以我们可以得出一个结论也就是我们文章开头说的:jsp在本质上就是一个servlet。