实验三
point.hpp
#pragma once #include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; class Point { public: Point(int x0 = 0, int y0 = 0); ~Point() = default; int get_x() const; int get_y() const; void show() const; void move(int new_x, int new_y); private: int x, y; }; Point::Point(int x0, int y0) : x{ x0 }, y{ y0 } { } int Point::get_x() const { return x; } int Point::get_y() const { return y; } void Point::show() const { cout << "(" << x << ", " << y << ")" << endl; } void Point::move(int new_x, int new_y) { x = new_x; y = new_y; }
task1.cpp
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 #include<iostream> #include<vector> #include"t.hpp" using std::vector; using std::cin; // 输出vector<Point>对象内所有点的坐标 void output(const vector<Point>& v) { for (auto& t : v) t.show(); } void test() { int n; cin >> n; vector<Point> x(n); cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(x); vector<Point> y(x);// 基于vector<Point>对象x构建对象y cout << "\nx对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(y); cout << "\n更新x对象: " << endl; x.at(0).move(30, 50);// 更新对象x内索引为0的点对象坐标 x.push_back(Point(2, 2)); // 向x对象末尾添加一个点对象 cout << "\nx对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(x); cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(y); } int main() { test(); }
2
Point.hpp
cout << "\n更新x对象中点坐标信息......" << endl; x.at(0).move(30, 50); x.at(1).move(-1, -1); cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(x); cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(y); } int main() { test(); }
vectorPoint
#pragma once #include "point.hpp" #include <cassert> #include <iostream> class vectorPoint { public: vectorPoint(int n); ~vectorPoint(); int get_size() const;// 获得当前动态数组内元素个数 Point& at(int index);// 返回下标为index的元素引用 Point& at(int index) const; // 返回下标为index的元素const引用 private: int size; // 动态数组的大小 Point* ptr; }; vectorPoint::vectorPoint(int n) : size{ n } { ptr = new Point[n]; } vectorPoint::~vectorPoint() { delete[] ptr; } int vectorPoint::get_size() const { return size; } Point& vectorPoint::at(int index) { assert(index >= 0 && index < size); // 宏，在测试模式下工作。如果不满足条件，则程序终止 return ptr[index]; } Point& vectorPoint::at(int index) const { assert(index >= 0 && index < size); return ptr[index]; }
task2.cpp
#include "vectorPoint.hpp" #include <iostream> void output(const vectorPoint &v) { for(auto i = 0; i < v.get_size(); ++i) v.at(i).show(); } void test() { using namespace std; int n; cout << "输入vectorPoint对象中元素个数: "; cin >> n; vectorPoint x(n); cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(x); vectorPoint y(x); cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(y); cout << "\n更新x对象中点坐标信息......" << endl; x.at(0).move(30, 50); x.at(1).move(-1, -1); cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(x); cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(y); } int main() { test(); }
3
Point.hpp
#pragma once #include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; class Point { public: Point(int x0 = 0, int y0 = 0); ~Point() = default; int get_x() const; int get_y() const; void show() const; void move(int new_x, int new_y); private: int x, y; }; Point::Point(int x0, int y0) : x{ x0 }, y{ y0 } { } int Point::get_x() const { return x; } int Point::get_y() const { return y; } void Point::show() const { cout << "(" << x << ", " << y << ")" << endl; } void Point::move(int new_x, int new_y) { x = new_x; y = new_y; }
vectorPoint.hpp
#pragma once #include "point.hpp" #include <cassert> #include <iostream> class vectorPoint { public: vectorPoint(int n); vectorPoint(const vectorPoint& vp); ~vectorPoint(); int get_size() const; // 获得当前动态数组内元素个数 Point& at(int index); // 返回下标为index的元素引用 Point& at(int index) const; // 返回下标为index的元素const引用 private: int size; // 动态数组的大小 Point* ptr; }; vectorPoint::vectorPoint(int n) : size{ n } { ptr = new Point[n]; } vectorPoint::vectorPoint(const vectorPoint& vp) : size{ vp.size }, ptr{ new Point[size] } { for (auto i = 0; i < size; ++i) ptr[i] = vp.ptr[i]; } vectorPoint::~vectorPoint() { delete[] ptr; } int vectorPoint::get_size() const { return size; } Point& vectorPoint::at(int index) { assert(index >= 0 && index < size); // 宏，在测试模式下工作。如果不满足条件，则程序终止 return ptr[index]; } Point& vectorPoint::at(int index) const { assert(index >= 0 && index < size); return ptr[index]; }
task3.cpp
#include "vectorPoint.hpp" #include <iostream> // 输出vectorPoint对象内的所有数据 void output(const vectorPoint& v) { for (auto i = 0; i < v.get_size(); ++i) v.at(i).show(); } // 测试vectorPoint类：构造对象、复制构造对象 void test() { using namespace std; int n; cout << "输入vectorPoint对象中元素个数: "; cin >> n; vectorPoint x(n); cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(x); vectorPoint y(x); cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(y); cout << "\n更新x对象中点坐标信息......" << endl; x.at(0).move(30, 50); x.at(1).move(-1, -1); cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(x); cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; output(y); } int main() { test(); }
4
task_1.cpp
#include <iostream> using namespace std; // 函数声明 void swap1(int& rx, int& ry); // 引用作为形参 void swap2(int* px, int* py); // 指针作为形参 void print(int x, int y); // 普通变量作为形参 // 测试代码 void test() { int x = 3, y = 4; print(x, y); swap1(x, y); // 函数调用，注意：引用作为形参时，实参形式 print(x, y); cout << endl; x = 3, y = 4; print(x, y); swap2(&x, &y); // 函数调用，注意：指针作为形参时，实参形式 print(x, y); } int main() { test(); } // 函数定义：交换两个变量（引用变量作为形参） void swap1(int& rx, int& ry) { int t; t = rx; rx = ry; ry = t; } // 函数定义：交换两个变量（指针变量作为形参） void swap2(int* px, int* py) { int t; t = *px; *px = *py; *py = t; } // 函数定义：输出两个变量（普通变量作为形参） void print(int x, int y) { std::cout << "x = " << x << ", y = " << y << "\n"; }
task_2.cpp
#include <iostream> #include <typeinfo> using namespace std; int main() { int a; int &ra = a; ra = 4; int *pa = &a; *pa = 5; // 以十六进制形式输出普通变量a, 引用变量ra，指针变量pa的地址 cout << "&a = " << hex << &a << endl; cout << "&ra = " << hex << &ra << endl; cout << "&pa = " << hex << &pa << "\n\n"; // 输出普通变量a, 引用变量ra，指针变量pa的值 cout << "a = " << a << endl; cout << "ra = " << a << endl; cout << "pa = " << hex << pa << endl; // 输出指针变量pa指向的变量的值 cout << "*pa = " << *pa << "\n\n"; // 输出普通变量a，引用变量ra, 指针变量pa的类型信息 cout << "type a: " << typeid(a).name() << endl; cout << "type ra: " << typeid(ra).name() << endl; cout << "type pa: " << typeid(pa).name() << endl; }
task_3.cpp
#include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; template<typename T> void output(const T &x) { for(auto i: x) std::cout << i << ", "; std::cout << "\b\b \n"; } template<typename T> void square1(T &x) { for(auto i: x) // i是普通类型 i *= i; } template<typename T> void square2(T &x) { for(auto &i: x) // i是引用类型 i *= i; } void test1() { vector<int> x {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; cout << "动态int型数组对象x内的元素值: "; output(x); cout << "调用函数square1()......" << endl; square1(x); cout << "动态int型数组对象x内的元素值: "; output(x); } void test2() { vector<int> x {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; cout << "动态int型数组对象x内的元素值: "; output(x); cout << "调用函数square2()......" << endl; square2(x); cout << "动态int型数组对象x内的元素值: "; output(x); } int main() { cout << "测试1: " << endl; test1(); cout << "\n测试2: " << endl; test2(); }
5
vectorInt.hpp
1 #ifndef VECTORINT_HPP 2 3 #define VECTORINT_HPP 4 5 #include <iostream> 6 7 8 class vectorInt { 9 private: 10 int* data; // 动态数组指针 11 int size; // 数组大小 12 13 public: 14 // 构造函数，动态指定数组大小，并初始化每个数据项为0 15 vectorInt(int n) : size(n) { 16 std::cout << "constructor vectorInt(int n) called." << std::endl; 17 data = new int[size]; 18 for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) { 19 data[i] = 0; 20 } 21 } 22 23 // 构造函数，动态指定数组大小，并初始化每个数据项为特定值value 24 vectorInt(int n, int value) : size(n) { 25 std::cout << "constructor vectorInt(int n, int value) called." << std::endl; 26 data = new int[size]; 27 for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) { 28 data[i] = value; 29 } 30 } 31 32 // 复制构造函数，实现深复制 33 vectorInt(const vectorInt& other):size(other.size){ 34 std::cout<<"copy constructor called."<<std::endl; 35 this->data=new int[this->size]; 36 for(int i=0;i<this->size;++i){ 37 this->data[i]=other.data[i]; 38 } 39 } 40 41 // 析构函数，释放内存资源 42 ~vectorInt(){ 43 std::cout<<"destructor called"<<std::endl; 44 delete[] this->data; 45 } 46 47 // 获取数组大小的方法 48 int get_size() const{ 49 return this->size; 50 } 51 52 // 通过索引访问数组元素的方法 53 int& at(int index){ 54 return this->data[index]; 55 } 56 }; 57 58 #endif
task5.cpp
1 #include "vectorInt.hpp" 2 #include <iostream> 3 4 using std::cout; 5 using std::cin; 6 using std::endl; 7 8 void output(const vectorInt &vi) { 9 for (int i = 0; i < vi.get_size(); ++i) { 10 cout << vi.at(i) << " "; 11 } 12 cout << endl; 13 } 14 15 void test() { 16 int n; 17 cout << "输入vectorInt对象中元素个数: "; 18 cin >> n; 19 20 vectorInt x1(n); 21 for(auto i = 0; i < n; ++i) 22 x1.at(i) = i*i; 23 cout << "vectorInt对象x1: " ; 24 output(x1); 25 26 27 vectorInt x2(n, 42); 28 cout << "vectorInt对象x2: " ; 29 output(x2); 30 vectorInt x3(x2); 31 cout << "vectorInt对象x3: " ; 32 output(x3); 33 34 cout << "更新vectorInt对象x2......\n" ; 35 x2.at(0) = 77; 36 x2.at(1) = -999; 37 38 cout << "vectorInt对象x2: "; 39 output(x2); 40 cout << "vectorInt对象x3: "; 41 output(x3); 42 } 43 44 int main() { 45 test(); 46 } 47 48 task5.cpp
6
matrix.hpp
#pragma once #include <iostream> #include <cassert> using std::cout; using std::endl; // 类Matrix的声明 class Matrix { public: Matrix(int n, int m); // 构造函数，构造一个n*m的矩阵 Matrix(int n); // 构造函数，构造一个n*n的矩阵 Matrix(const Matrix& x); // 复制构造函数， 使用已有的矩阵X构造 ~Matrix(); void set(const double* pvalue); // 用pvalue指向的连续内存块数据按行为矩阵赋值 void set(int i, int j, double value); // 设置矩阵对象索引(i,j)的元素值为value double& at(int i, int j) const; // 返回矩阵对象索引(i,j)的元素引用 double& at(int i, int j); // 返回矩阵对象索引(i,j)的元素引用 int get_lines() const; // 返回矩阵对象行数 int get_cols() const; // 返回矩阵对象列数 void print() const; // 按行打印输出矩阵对象元素值 private: int lines;// 矩阵对象内元素行数 int cols;// 矩阵对象内元素列数 double* ptr; }; // 类Matrix的实现：待补足 Matrix :: Matrix(int n,int m){ ptr = new double[n * m]; lines = n; cols = m; } Matrix :: Matrix(int n){ ptr = new double[n * n]; lines = cols = n; } Matrix::Matrix(const Matrix& x) : lines(x.lines), cols(x.cols), ptr(new double[lines * cols]) { for (int i = 0; i < lines; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) { ptr[i * cols + j] = x.ptr[i * cols + j]; } } } Matrix::~Matrix() { delete[]ptr; } void Matrix::set(const double* pvalue) { for (auto i = 0; i < lines * cols; ++i) ptr[i] = pvalue[i]; } void Matrix::set(int i, int j, double value) { ptr[i * cols + j] = value; } double& Matrix::at(int i, int j)const { return ptr[i * cols + j]; } double& Matrix::at(int i, int j) { return ptr[i * cols + j]; } int Matrix::get_cols()const { return cols; } int Matrix::get_lines()const { return lines; } void Matrix::print()const { for (auto i = 0; i < lines; ++i) { for (auto j = 0; j < cols; ++j) { cout << ptr[i * cols + j] << ","; } cout << "\b \b\n"; } }
#include <iostream> #include "matrix.hpp" using namespace std; const int N1 = 3; const int N2 = 2; // 输出一个矩阵对象中索引为index对应的行的所有元素值 void output(const Matrix& m, int index) { for (auto j = 0; j < m.get_cols(); ++j) cout << m.at(index, j) << ", "; cout << "\b\b \n"; } void test() { double x[N1 * N2] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }; Matrix m1(N1, N2); // 创建一个N1×N2矩阵 m1.set(x); // 用一维数组x的值按行为矩阵m1赋值 cout << "矩阵对象m1: " << endl; m1.print(); // 打印矩阵m1的值 cout << "矩阵对象m1第0行是: " << endl; output(m1, 0); cout << endl; Matrix m2(N2, N1); m2.set(x); cout << "矩阵对象m2: " << endl; m2.print(); cout << "矩阵对象m2第0行是: " << endl; output(m2, 0); cout << endl; Matrix m3(m2); // 用矩阵m2构造新的矩阵m3 m3.set(0, 0, 999); // 讲矩阵对象m2索引(0,0)元素设为999 cout << "矩阵对象m3:" << endl; m3.print(); cout << endl; Matrix m4(2); // 创建一个2*2矩阵对象 m4.set(x); // 用一维数组x的值按行为矩阵m4赋值 cout << "矩阵对象m4:" << endl; m4.print(); } int main() { test(); }
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