练习|Django-单表
结构目录
页面展示：
1创建Django，创建app01
在modules.py添加
class Book(models.Model):
id=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
#state=models.BooleanField()
pub_date=models.DateField()
price=models.DecimalField(max_digits=8,decimal_places=2)
publish=models.CharField(max_length=32)
2在settings里边添加app01
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
"app01",
]
3在Terminal里边输入
C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\bookms>python manage.py makemigrations
Migrations for 'app01':
app01\migrations\0001_initial.py
- Create model Book
C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\bookms>python manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
Apply all migrations: admin, app01, auth, contenttypes, sessions
Running migrations:
Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK
Applying app01.0001_initial... OK
Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK
Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0009_alter_user_last_name_max_length... OK
Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK
4在urls.py中添加
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('addbook/', views.addbook),
]
在views.py中加视图函数
def addbook(request):
return render(request, addbook.html)
urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, re_path
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('addbook/', views.addbook),
path('books/', views.books),
re_path(r"books/(\d+)/delete", views.delbook), #delbook(request,2) (\d+)是去捕获这个值；这个路径是给a标签写的，一点击就跳转了删除了
re_path(r"books/(\d+)/change", views.changebook)
]
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect
# Create your views here.
from app01.models import Book #把这张表导入进来；
def addbook(request):
if request.method == "POST": #把数据全取出来
title = request.POST.get("title")
price = request.POST.get("price")
date = request.POST.get("date")
publish = request.POST.get("publish")
book_obj = Book.objects.create(title=title, price=price, pub_date=date, publish=publish) #添加，左边是Book表的字段，右边是值
return redirect("/books/")
return render(request, "addbook.html")
def books(request):
book_list = Book.objects.all() #拿出所有书籍，一个queryset对象 #[obj1, obj2,,,]
return render(request, "books.html", locals()) #传给模板直接让它渲染就可以了
def delbook(request, id):
Book.objects.filter(id=id).delete()
return redirect("/books/") #重定向
def changebook(request, id):
book_obj = Book.objects.filter(id=id).first() #先获得那个编辑对象。无论get还是post请求都要获取
if request.method=="POST":
title = request.POST.get("title")
price = request.POST.get("price")
date = request.POST.get("date")
publish = request.POST.get("publish")
Book.objects.filter(id=id).update(title=title, price=price, pub_date=date, publish=publish)
return redirect("/books/")
return render(request, "changebook.html", {"book_obj":book_obj})
在settings里边配置：
addbook.html（添加页面）
引入bootstrap-3.3.7.2拿这个文件只需要拿dist就可以了，起名叫bs
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css">
<style>
.container{
margin-top:100px;
}
.btn{
margin-top: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>添加书籍</h3>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<form action="" method="post">
{% csrf_token %} <!--为了通过防跨域请求验证-->
<div>
<label for="">书籍名称</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="title"> <!--有form-control就有样式了-->
</div>
<div>
<label for="">价格</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="price">
</div>
<div>
<label for="">出版日期</label>
<input type="date" class="form-control" name="date">
</div>
<div>
<label for="">出版社</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="publish">
</div>
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-success pull-right" >
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
books.html（查看页面）
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css">
<style>
.container{
margin-top:100px;
}
.btn{
margin-top: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>查询书籍</h3>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<a href="/addbook/" class="btn btn-primary">添加书籍</a>
<table class="table table-striped table-bordered">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍名称</th>
<th>价格</th>
<th>出版日期</th>
<th>出版社</th>
<th>删除操作</th>
<th>编辑挫折</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for book in book_list %} //每循环一次就创建一个tr标签
<tr>
<td>{{ book.title }}</td>
<td>{{ book.price }}</td>
<td>{{ book.pub_date|date:'Y-m-d' }}</td>
<td>{{ book.publish }}</td>
<td><a href="/books/{{ book.pk }}/delete" class="btn btn-danger">删除</a></td> //只要.pk不管主键叫id还是nid都可以拿到那个主键
<td><a href="/books/{{ book.pk }}/change" class="btn btn-info">编辑</a></td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
跟URL匹配成功之后就可以走delbook那个视图函数了
第一次发请求把这个数据从数据库里边删除了，接着告诉浏览器你再发一次请求 浏览器就又发了一次请求给books返回当前页面，当前books那个视图函数。它响应的是重定向。
changebook.html（编辑页面）
a标签默认是get请求，一点提交就是post请求了
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css">
<style>
.container{
margin-top:100px;
}
.btn{
margin-top: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>编辑书籍</h3>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<form action="" method="post">
{% csrf_token %} <!--为了通过防跨域请求验证-->
<div>
<label for="">书籍名称</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="title" value="{{ book_obj.title }}"> <!--有form-control就有样式了-->
</div> //value放编辑默认对象
<div>
<label for="">价格</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="price" value="{{ book_obj.price }}">
</div>
<div>
<label for="">出版日期</label>
<input type="date" class="form-control" name="date" value="{{ book_obj.pub_date|date:'Y-m-d'}}">
</div>
<div>
<label for="">出版社</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="publish" value="{{ book_obj.publish }}">
</div>
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-success pull-right" >
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
