VBA在Excel中的应用（三）

目录

Chart Export
Chart Format
Chart Lengend
Chart Protect
Chart Title
Chart

Chart Export

1. 将Excel中的图表导出成gif格式的图片保存到硬盘上
Sub ExportChart()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Set myChart = ActiveChart
    myChart.Export Filename:="C:\Chart.gif", Filtername:="GIF"
End Sub
理论上图表可以被保存成任何类型的图片文件，读者可以自己去尝试。
2. 将Excel中的图表导出成可交互的页面保存到硬盘上

Sub SaveChartWeb()
    ActiveWorkbook.PublishObjects.Add _
        SourceType:=xlSourceChart, _
        Filename:=ActiveWorkbook.Path & "\Sample2.htm", _
        Sheet:=ActiveSheet.name, _
        Source:=" Chart 1", _
        HtmlType:=xlHtmlChart

    ActiveWorkbook.PublishObjects(1).Publish (True)
End Sub

Chart Format

1. 操作Chart对象。给几个用VBA操作Excel Chart对象的例子，读者可以自己去尝试一下。

Public Sub ChartInterior()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    'Reference embedded chart
    Set myChart = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects(1).Chart
    With myChart   'Alter interior colors of chart components
        .ChartArea.Interior.Color = RGB(1, 2, 3)
        .PlotArea.Interior.Color = RGB(11, 12, 1)
        .Legend.Interior.Color = RGB(31, 32, 33)
        If .HasTitle Then
            .ChartTitle.Interior.Color = RGB(41, 42, 43)
        End If
    End With
End Sub

Public Sub SetXAxis()
    Dim myAxis As Axis
    Set myAxis = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects(1).Chart.Axes(xlCategory, xlPrimary)
    With myAxis    'Set properties of x-axis
        .HasMajorGridlines = True
        .HasTitle = True
        .AxisTitle.Text = "My Axis"
        .AxisTitle.Font.Color = RGB(1, 2, 3)
        .CategoryNames = Range("C2:C11")
        .TickLabels.Font.Color = RGB(11, 12, 13)
    End With
End Sub

Public Sub TestSeries()
    Dim mySeries As Series
    Dim seriesCol As SeriesCollection
    Dim I As Integer
    I = 1
    Set seriesCol = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects(1).Chart.SeriesCollection
    For Each mySeries In seriesCol
        Set mySeries = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects(1).Chart.SeriesCollection(I)
        With mySeries
            .MarkerBackgroundColor = RGB(1, 32, 43)
            .MarkerForegroundColor = RGB(11, 32, 43)
            .Border.Color = RGB(11, 12, 23)
        End With
        I = I + 1
    Next
End Sub

Public Sub TestPoint()
    Dim myPoint As Point
    Set myPoint = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects(1).Chart.SeriesCollection(1).Points(3)
    With myPoint
        .ApplyDataLabels xlDataLabelsShowValue
        .MarkerBackgroundColor = RGB(1, 2, 3)
        .MarkerForegroundColor = RGB(11, 22, 33)
    End With
End Sub

Sub chartAxis()
    Dim myChartObject As ChartObject
    Set myChartObject = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects.Add(Left:=200, Top:=200, _
        Width:=400, Height:=300)

    myChartObject.Chart.SetSourceData Source:= _
        ActiveWorkbook.Sheets("Chart Data").Range("A1:E5")

    myChartObject.SeriesCollection.Add Source:=ActiveSheet.Range("C4:K4"), Rowcol:=xlRows
    myChartObject.SeriesCollection.NewSeries
    myChartObject.HasTitle = True

    With myChartObject.Axes(Type:=xlCategory, AxisGroup:=xlPrimary)
        .HasTitle = True
        .AxisTitle.Text = "Years"
        .AxisTitle.Font.Name = "Times New Roman"
        .AxisTitle.Font.Size = 12
        .HasMajorGridlines = True
        .HasMinorGridlines = False
    End With
End Sub

Sub FormattingCharts()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Dim ws As Worksheet
    Dim ax As Axis

    Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1")
    Set myChart = GetChartByCaption(ws, "GDP")

    If Not myChart Is Nothing Then
        Set ax = myChart.Axes(xlCategory)
        With ax
            .AxisTitle.Font.Size = 12
            .AxisTitle.Font.Color = vbRed
        End With
        Set ax = myChart.Axes(xlValue)
        With ax
            .HasMinorGridlines = True
            .MinorGridlines.Border.LineStyle = xlDashDot
        End With
        With myChart.PlotArea
            .Border.LineStyle = xlDash
            .Border.Color = vbRed
            .Interior.Color = vbWhite
            .Width = myChart.PlotArea.Width + 10
            .Height = myChart.PlotArea.Height + 10
        End With
        myChart.ChartArea.Interior.Color = vbWhite
        myChart.Legend.Position = xlLegendPositionBottom
    End If

    Set ax = Nothing
    Set myChart = Nothing
    Set ws = Nothing
End Sub
Function GetChartByCaption(ws As Worksheet, sCaption As String) As Chart
    Dim myChart As ChartObject
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Dim sTitle As String

    Set myChart = Nothing
    For Each myChart In ws.ChartObjects
        If myChart.Chart.HasTitle Then
            sTitle = myChart.Chart.ChartTitle.Caption
            If StrComp(sTitle, sCaption, vbTextCompare) = 0 Then
                Set myChart = myChart.Chart
                Exit For
            End If
        End If
    Next
    Set GetChartByCaption = myChart
    Set myChart = Nothing
    Set myChart = Nothing
End Function
2. 使用VBA在Excel中添加图表

Public Sub AddChartSheet()
  Dim aChart As Chart

  Set aChart = Charts.Add
  With aChart
    .Name = "Mangoes"
    .ChartType = xlColumnClustered
    .SetSourceData Source:=Sheets("Sheet1").Range("A3:D7"), PlotBy:=xlRows
    .HasTitle = True
    .ChartTitle.Text = "=Sheet1!R3C1"
  End With
End Sub
3. 遍历并更改Chart对象中的图表类型
Sub ChartType()
    Dim myChart As ChartObject
    For Each myChart In ActiveSheet.ChartObjects
        myChart.Chart.Type = xlArea
    Next myChart
End Sub
4. 遍历并更改Chart对象中的Legend

Sub LegendMod()
    Dim myChart As ChartObject
    For Each myChart In ActiveSheet.ChartObjects
        With myChart.Chart.Legend.font
            .name = "Calibri"
            .FontStyle = "Bold"
            .Size = 12
        End With
    Next myChart
End Sub
5. 一个格式化Chart的例子

Sub ChartMods()
    ActiveChart.Type = xlArea
    ActiveChart.ChartArea.font.name = "Calibri"
    ActiveChart.ChartArea.font.FontStyle = "Regular"
    ActiveChart.ChartArea.font.Size = 9
    ActiveChart.PlotArea.Interior.ColorIndex = xlNone
    ActiveChart.Axes(xlValue).TickLabels.font.bold = True
    ActiveChart.Axes(xlCategory).TickLabels.font.bold = True
    ActiveChart.Legend.Position = xlBottom
End Sub
6. 通过VBA更改Chart的Title

Sub ApplyTexture()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Dim ser As Series
    Set myChart = ActiveChart
    Set ser = myChart.SeriesCollection(2)
    ser.Format.Fill.PresetTextured (msoTextureGreenMarble)
End Sub
7. 在VBA中使用自定义图片填充Chart对象的series区域

Sub FormatWithPicture()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Dim ser As Series
    Set myChart = ActiveChart
    Set ser = myChart.SeriesCollection(1)
    MyPic = "C:\Title.jpg"
    ser.Format.Fill.UserPicture (MyPic)
End Sub

Excel中的Chart允许用户对其中选定的区域自定义样式，其中包括使用图片选中样式。在Excel的Layout菜单下有一个Format Selection，首先在Chart对象中选定要格式化的区域，例如series，然后选择该菜单，在弹出的对话框中即可对所选的区域进行格式化。如series选项、填充样式、边框颜色和样式、阴影以及3D效果等。下面再给出一个在VBA中使用渐变色填充Chart对象的series区域的例子。

Sub TwoColorGradient()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Dim ser As Series
    Set myChart = ActiveChart
    Set ser = myChart.SeriesCollection(1)
    MyPic = "C:\Title1.jpg"
    ser.Format.Fill.TwoColorGradient msoGradientFromCorner, 3
    ser.Format.Fill.ForeColor.ObjectThemeColor = msoThemeColorAccent6
    ser.Format.Fill.BackColor.ObjectThemeColor = msoThemeColorAccent2
End Sub
8. 通过VBA格式化Chart对象中series的趋势线样式

Sub FormatLineOrBorders()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Set myChart = ActiveChart
    With myChart.SeriesCollection(1).Trendlines(1).Format.Line
        .DashStyle = msoLineLongDashDotDot
        .ForeColor.RGB = RGB(50, 0, 128)
        .BeginArrowheadLength = msoArrowheadShort
        .BeginArrowheadStyle = msoArrowheadOval
        .BeginArrowheadWidth = msoArrowheadNarrow
        .EndArrowheadLength = msoArrowheadLong
        .EndArrowheadStyle = msoArrowheadTriangle
        .EndArrowheadWidth = msoArrowheadWide
    End With
End Sub

Excel允许用户为Chart对象的series添加趋势线（trendline），首先在Chart中选中要设置的series，然后选择Layout菜单下的trendline，选择一种trendline样式。
9. 一组利用VBA格式化Chart对象的例子

Sub FormatBorder()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Set myChart = ActiveChart
    With myChart.ChartArea.Format.Line
        .DashStyle = msoLineLongDashDotDot
        .ForeColor.RGB = RGB(50, 0, 128)
    End With
End Sub

Sub AddGlowToTitle()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Set myChart = ActiveChart
    myChart.ChartTitle.Format.Line.ForeColor.RGB = RGB(255, 255, 255)
    myChart.ChartTitle.Format.Line.DashStyle = msoLineSolid
    myChart.ChartTitle.Format.Glow.Color.ObjectThemeColor = msoThemeColorAccent6
    myChart.ChartTitle.Format.Glow.Radius = 8
End Sub

Sub FormatShadow()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Set myChart = ActiveChart
    With myChart.Legend.Format.Shadow
        .ForeColor.RGB = RGB(0, 0, 128)
        .OffsetX = 5
        .OffsetY = -3
        .Transparency = 0.5
        .Visible = True
    End With
End Sub

Sub FormatSoftEdgesWithLoop()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Dim ser As Series
    Set myChart = ActiveChart
    Set ser = myChart.SeriesCollection(1)
    For i = 1 To 6
        ser.Points(i).Format.SoftEdge.Type = i
    Next i
End Sub
10. 在VBA中对Chart对象应用3D效果

Sub Assign3DPreset()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Dim shp As Shape
    Set myChart = ActiveChart
    Set shp = myChart.Shapes(1)
    shp.ThreeD.SetPresetCamera msoCameraIsometricLeftDown
End Sub

Sub AssignBevel()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Dim ser As Series
    Set myChart = ActiveChart
    Set ser = myChart.SeriesCollection(1)
    ser.Format.ThreeD.Visible = True
    ser.Format.ThreeD.BevelTopType = msoBevelCircle
    ser.Format.ThreeD.BevelTopInset = 16
    ser.Format.ThreeD.BevelTopDepth = 6
End Sub

Chart Lengend

1. 设置Lengend的位置和ChartArea的颜色

Sub FormattingCharts()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Dim ws As Worksheet
    Dim ax As Axis

    Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1")
    Set myChart = GetChartByCaption(ws, "GDP")

    If Not myChart Is Nothing Then
        myChart.ChartArea.Interior.Color = vbWhite
        myChart.Legend.Position = xlLegendPositionBottom
    End If

    Set ax = Nothing
    Set myChart = Nothing
    Set ws = Nothing
End Sub
Function GetChartByCaption(ws As Worksheet, sCaption As String) As Chart
    Dim myChart As ChartObject
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Dim sTitle As String

    Set myChart = Nothing
    For Each myChart In ws.ChartObjects
        If myChart.Chart.HasTitle Then
            sTitle = myChart.Chart.ChartTitle.Caption
            If StrComp(sTitle, sCaption, vbTextCompare) = 0 Then
                Set myChart = myChart.Chart
                Exit For
            End If
        End If
    Next
    Set GetChartByCaption = myChart
    Set myChart = Nothing
    Set myChart = Nothing
End Function
2. 通过VBA给Chart添加Lengend

Sub legend()
    Dim myChartObject As ChartObject
    Set myChartObject = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects.Add(Left:=200, Top:=200, _
        Width:=400, Height:=300)

    myChartObject.Chart.SetSourceData Source:= _
        ActiveWorkbook.Sheets("Chart Data").Range("A1:E5")

    myChartObject.SeriesCollection.Add Source:=ActiveSheet.Range("C4:K4"), Rowcol:=xlRows
    myChartObject.SeriesCollection.NewSeries
    With myChartObject.Legend
        .HasLegend = True
        .Font.Size = 16
        .Font.Name = "Arial"
    End With
End Sub

Chart Protect

1. 保护图表

Sub ProtectChart()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Set myChart = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("Protected Chart")
    myChart.Protect "123456", True, True, , True
    myChart.ProtectData = False
    myChart.ProtectGoalSeek = True
    myChart.ProtectSelection = True
End Sub

Excel中的Chart可以和Sheet一样被保护，读者可以选中图表所在的Tab，然后通过Review菜单下的Protect Sheet菜单来对图表进行保护设置。代码中的Protected Chart123456是设置保护时的密码，有关Protect函数的参数和设置保护时的其它属性读者可以查阅Excel自带的帮助文档。
2. 取消图表保护

Sub UnprotectChart()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Set myChart = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("Protected Chart")
    myChart.Unprotect "123456"
    myChart.ProtectData = False
    myChart.ProtectGoalSeek = False
    myChart.ProtectSelection = False
End Sub

与保护图表的示例相对应，可以通过VBA撤销对图表的保护设置。

Chart Title

1. 通过VBA添加图表的标题

Sub chartTitle()
    Dim myChartObject As ChartObject
    Set myChartObject = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects.Add(Left:=200, Top:=200, _
        Width:=400, Height:=300)

    myChartObject.Chart.SetSourceData Source:= _
        ActiveWorkbook.Sheets("Chart Data").Range("A1:E5")

    myChartObject.SeriesCollection.Add Source:=ActiveSheet.Range("C4:K4"), Rowcol:=xlRows
    myChartObject.SeriesCollection.NewSeries
    myChartObject.HasTitle = True
End Sub

如果要设置标题显示的位置，可以在上述代码的后面加上：
With myChartObject.ChartTitle
   .Top = 100
   .Left = 150
End With
如果要同时设置标题字体，可以在上述代码的后面加上：
myChartObject.ChartTitle.Font.Name = "Times"
2. 通过VBA修改图表的标题
Sub charTitleText()
ActiveChart.ChartTitle.Text = "Industrial Disease in North Dakota"
End Sub
3. 一个通过标题搜索图表的例子

Function GetChartByCaption(ws As Worksheet, sCaption As String) As Chart
    Dim myChart As ChartObject
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Dim sTitle As String

    Set myChart = Nothing
    For Each myChart In ws.ChartObjects
        If myChart.Chart.HasTitle Then
            sTitle = myChart.Chart.ChartTitle.Caption
            If StrComp(sTitle, sCaption, vbTextCompare) = 0 Then
                Set myChart = myChart.Chart
                Exit For
            End If
        End If
    Next
    Set GetChartByCaption = myChart
    Set myChart = Nothing
    Set myChart = Nothing
End Function
Sub TestGetChartByCaption()
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Dim ws As Worksheet
    Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1")
    Set myChart = GetChartByCaption(ws, "I am the Chart Title")

    If Not myChart Is Nothing Then
        Debug.Print "Found chart"
    Else
        Debug.Print "Sorry - chart not found"
    End If

    Set ws = Nothing
    Set myChart = Nothing
End Sub

Chart

1. 通过VBA创建Chart的几种方式
使用ChartWizard方法创建

Sub CreateExampleChartVersionI()
    Dim ws As Worksheet
    Dim rgChartData As Range
    Dim myChart As Chart

    Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1")
    Set rgChartData = ws.Range("B1").CurrentRegion
    Set myChart = Charts.Add
    Set myChart = myChart.Location(xlLocationAsObject, ws.Name)
    With myChart
        .ChartWizard _
            Source:=rgChartData, _
            Gallery:=xlColumn, _
            Format:=1, _
            PlotBy:=xlColumns, _
            CategoryLabels:=1, _
            SeriesLabels:=1, _
            HasLegend:=True, _
            Title:="Version I", _
            CategoryTitle:="Year", _
            ValueTitle:="GDP in billions of $"
    End With

    Set myChart = Nothing
    Set rgChartData = Nothing
    Set ws = Nothing
End Sub

使用Chart Object方法创建

Sub CreateExampleChartVersionII()
    Dim ws As Worksheet
    Dim rgChartData As Range
    Dim myChart As Chart

    Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Basic Chart")
    Set rgChartData = ws.Range("B1").CurrentRegion
    Set myChart = Charts.Add
    Set myChart = myChart.Location(xlLocationAsObject, ws.Name)

    With myChart
        .SetSourceData rgChartData, xlColumns
        .HasTitle = True
        .ChartTitle.Caption = "Version II"
        .ChartType = xlColumnClustered

        With .Axes(xlCategory)
            .HasTitle = True
            .AxisTitle.Caption = "Year"
        End With

        With .Axes(xlValue)
            .HasTitle = True
            .AxisTitle.Caption = "GDP in billions of $"
        End With

    End With

    Set myChart = Nothing
    Set rgChartData = Nothing
    Set ws = Nothing
End Sub

使用ActiveWorkbook.Sheets.Add方法创建
Sub chart()
    Dim myChartSheet As Chart
    Set myChartSheet = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets.Add _
        (After:=ActiveWorkbook.Sheets(ActiveWorkbook.Sheets.Count), _
        Type:=xlChart)
End Sub
使用ActiveSheet.ChartObjects.Add方法创建

Sub charObj()
    Dim myChartObject As ChartObject
    Set myChartObject = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects.Add(Left:=200, Top:=200, _
        Width:=400, Height:=300)
    myChartObject.Chart.SetSourceData Source:= _
        ActiveWorkbook.Sheets("Chart Data").Range("A1:E5")
End Sub

不同的创建方法可以应用在不同的场合，如Sheet中内嵌的图表，一个独立的Chart Tab等，读者可以自己研究。最后一种方法的末尾给新创建的图表设定了数据源，这样图表就可以显示出具体的图形了。
如果需要指定图表的类型，可以加上这句代码：
myChartObject.ChartType = xlColumnStacked
如果需要在现有图表的基础上添加新的series，下面这行代码可以参考：
myChartObject.SeriesCollection.Add Source:=ActiveSheet.Range("C4:K4"), Rowcol:=xlRows
或者通过下面这行代码对已有的series进行扩展：
myChartObject.SeriesCollection.Extend Source:=Worksheets("Chart Data").Range("P3:P8")
2. 一个相对完整的通过VBA创建Chart的例子

'Common Excel Chart Types
'-------------------------------------------------------------------
'Chart   |   VBA Constant (ChartType property of Chart object)     |
'==================================================================
'Column |   xlColumnClustered, xlColumnStacked, xlColumnStacked100|
'Bar     |   xlBarClustered, xlBarStacked, xlBarStacked100         |
'Line    |   xlLine, xlLineMarkersStacked, xlLineStacked           |
'Pie     |   xlPie, xlPieOfPie                                     |
'Scatter |   xlXYScatter, xlXYScatterLines                         |
'-------------------------------------------------------------------

Public Sub AddChartSheet()
    Dim dataRange As Range
    Set dataRange = ActiveWindow.Selection
    Charts.Add   'Create a chart sheet
    With ActiveChart    'Set chart properties
        .ChartType = xlColumnClustered
        .HasLegend = True
        .Legend.Position = xlRight

        .Axes(xlCategory).MinorTickMark = xlOutside
        .Axes(xlValue).MinorTickMark = xlOutside
        .Axes(xlValue).MaximumScale = _
                    Application.WorksheetFunction.RoundUp( _
                    Application.WorksheetFunction.Max(dataRange), -1)
        .Axes(xlCategory).HasTitle = True
        .Axes(xlCategory).AxisTitle.Characters.Text = "X-axis Labels"
        .Axes(xlValue).HasTitle = True
        .Axes(xlValue).AxisTitle.Characters.Text = "Y-axis"

        .SeriesCollection(1).name = "Sample Data"
        .SeriesCollection(1).Values = dataRange
    End With
End Sub
3. 通过选取的Cells Range的值设置Chart中数据标签的内容

Sub DataLabelsFromRange()
    Dim DLRange As range
    Dim myChart As Chart
    Dim i As Integer

    Set myChart = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects(1).Chart
    On Error Resume Next
    Set DLRange = Application.InputBox _
      (prompt:="Range for data labels?", Type:=8)
    If DLRange Is Nothing Then Exit Sub
    On Error GoTo 0
    myChart.SeriesCollection(1).ApplyDataLabels Type:=xlDataLabelsShowValue, AutoText:=True, LegendKey:=False
    Pts = myChart.SeriesCollection(1).Points.Count
    For i = 1 To Pts
        myChart.SeriesCollection(1). _
          Points(i).DataLabel.Characters.Text = DLRange(i)
    Next i
End Sub

考虑下面这个场景，当采用下表的数据生成图表Chart4时，默认的效果如下图。

    可以手动给该图表添加Data Labels，方法是选中任意的series，右键选择Add Data Labels。如果想要为所有的series添加Data Labels，则需要依次选择不同的series，然后重复该操作。
    Excel中可以通过VBA将指定Cells Range中的值设置到Chart的Data Labels中，上面的代码就是一个例子。程序执行的时候会首先弹出一个提示框，要求用户通过鼠标去选择一个单元格区域以获取到Cells集合（或者直接输入地址），如下图：
    注意VBA中输入型对话框Application.InputBox的使用。在循环中将Range中的值添加到Chart的Data Labels中。
4. 一个使用VBA给Chart添加Data Labels的例子

Sub AddDataLabels()
    Dim seSales As Series
    Dim pts As Points
    Dim pt As Point
    Dim rngLabels As range
    Dim iPointIndex As Integer

    Set rngLabels = range("B4:G4")

    Set seSales = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects(1).Chart.SeriesCollection(1)
    seSales.HasDataLabels = True

    Set pts = seSales.Points

    For Each pt In pts
        iPointIndex = iPointIndex + 1
        pt.DataLabel.text = rngLabels.cells(iPointIndex).text
        pt.DataLabel.font.bold = True
        pt.DataLabel.Position = xlLabelPositionAbove
    Next pt
End Sub

posted @ 2016-08-06 11:59 Bit5566 阅读(2877) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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