Vagrant使用

目录

• 安装vagrant
• 安装virtualBox
• 下载box镜像
• 使用
• 常用命令：
• 其他
  • 通过网络share vm
  • 执行provision
  • 网络模型
  • 同步目录
  • 虚拟机配置

安装vagrant

官网：https://www.vagrantup.com/

下载后安装即可

安装virtualBox

官网：https://www.virtualbox.org/

下载后安装即可

• 可以设置一下默认虚拟电脑位置，否则默认C盘：管理->全局设定->默认虚拟电脑位置

下载box镜像

centos7：https://app.vagrantup.com/centos/boxes/7 ，上面是从cloud.centos.org下载的，比官网快，包比较精简，没有ifconfig，查看ip使用ip a，同步文件夹也有问题，官方教程中让换一个box

ubuntu/trusty64：https://app.vagrantup.com/ubuntu/boxes/trusty64 ，cloud-images.ubuntu.com下载的，也比较快，428M，trusty-server-cloudimg-amd64-vagrant-disk1.box

使用

vagrant box add ubuntu/trusty64 path/to/your/box
# 新建一个目录 执行以下命令 初始化一个vm
vagrant init vagrant
# 启动vm
vagrant up

点击查看代码

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
  # For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
  # https://docs.vagrantup.com.

  # Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
  # boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/trusty64"
  # 添加版本
  # config.vm.box_version = "1.0.282" 
  # 添加box的url
  # config.vm.box_url = "https://vagrantcloud.com/hashicorp/bionic64"

  # Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
  # boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
  # `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
  config.vm.box_check_update = false

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
  # accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
  # NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port
  # 配置端口转发
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access
  # via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"

  # Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
  # using a specific IP.
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.10.10"

  # Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
  # Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
  # your network.
  # config.vm.network "public_network"

  # Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
  # the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
  # the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
  # argument is a set of non-required options.
  # config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"

  # Disable the default share of the current code directory. Doing this
  # provides improved isolation between the vagrant box and your host
  # by making sure your Vagrantfile isn't accessable to the vagrant box.
  # If you use this you may want to enable additional shared subfolders as
  # shown above.
  # config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", disabled: true

  # Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
  # backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
  # Example for VirtualBox:
  #
   config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
  #   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
  #   vb.gui = true
  #
  #   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
     vb.memory = "1024"
   end
  #
  # View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
  # information on available options.

  # Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
  # Ansible, Chef, Docker, Puppet and Salt are also available. Please see the
  # documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
   config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
  #   apt-get update
  #   apt-get install -y apache2
	   echo "Hello" >> /hi.txt
   SHELL
  # 直接配置脚本
  #  config.vm.provision :shell, path: "bootstrap.sh"
end

常用命令：

vagrant box list # 查看有哪些box
vagrant box add box_name box_path # 添加下载的box
vagrant init box_name # 在一个新目录下面初始化一个vm 会创建一个Vagrantfile文件
vagrant up # 开机
vagrant ssh # ssh到虚拟机
vagrant halt # 关机
vagrant suspend # 挂起 下次启动时会快一点 会占用一定的磁盘空间
vagrant destroy # 销毁
vagrant relaod # 重启
vagrant relaod --provision # 重启后执行provision
vagrant package # 对环境打包

其他

通过网络share vm

https://developer.hashicorp.com/vagrant/tutorials/getting-started/getting-started-share

执行provision

• 第一次执行vagrant up
• vagrant reload --provision
• vagrant up --provision
• vagrant --provision
• vagrant provision

网络模型

• Forwarded Ports，将主机端口进行转发到虚拟机的端口
• Private Network，内部vm可以相互访问，外部无法访问vm
• Public Network，外部可以访问vm

同步目录

• 配置synced_folder

虚拟机配置

• 配置provider，设置内存、cpu等