Shell脚本命令

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#！/bin/bash next_tips()  #$0代表当前文件名 $1第一个参数 $2 第2个参数 .... {   echo "---------$1-------------------" }   next_tips "global or local varialbe test"   #变量赋值左右两边不能有空格 var_test() {   # local 局部变量   echo "global v1:$v1"   local v1="456"   echo "local v1:$v1" }   v1="123" var_test echo "global2 v1:"${v1}   next_tips "external varialbe test" # $0 脚本文件名称 $1 第一个参数 $2 第二个参数 # $# 参数个数 # $? 前一个命令或函数返回的状态码 # $* 将所有参数通过字符串返回 # $$ 返回本进程PID external_fun() {    #$0 $#（参数个数) $?（上个命令状态码) $*（打印所用参数）    echo "parms total:$#"    echo "func name:$0"    test 1 -eq 2    echo "the return code:$?"    test 1 -ne 2    echo "the return code:$?"    echo "all parms is:$*"    echo "the pid is :$$" } external_fun a b c d e f g   next_tips "system vaiable test" # PATH HOME LOGNAME SHELL PWD system_var_func() {   # PATH HOME LOGNAME SHELL PWD    echo "PATH is:$PATH"    echo "HOME is:$HOME"    echo "LOGNAME is:$LOGNAME"    echo "SHELL is:$SHELL"    echo "PWD is:$PWD" } system_var_func   next_tips "vaiable operate test" # "${}" 可输出值 # '${}' 不可输出值，继续打印${} # `pwd` 反引号，推荐使用$() # \  注释部分 specail_func() {   var1="binfire"   echo "binfire var:${var1}"   echo 'binfire var:${var1}'   echo `pwd`   echo $(pwd)   echo "hello,\"binfire\"" } specail_func   next_tips "condition string test" # 检测测试表达式，如果成立返回0，否则返回非0 # 检测表达式有两种方式 test 或 [] 必须要用空格分开 # 字符串 = != -z (空字符串） -n (非空字符串) # 数值 -eq -ne -gt -lt -ge -le # 文件 -e -d (目录) -f(常规文件) -w -x -r -L(链接文件) -u (设置了suid) # 逻辑运算符 ! -a (all) -o (or)   condition_string_test() {   # 字符串 = != -z (空字符串） -n (非空字符串)   a="11"   b="11"   test "$a" = "$b"   echo "a=b:$?"   test "$a" != "$b"   echo "a!=b:$?"   test -z $a   echo "a为空:$?"   test -n $a   echo "a不为空:$?" } condition_string_test   next_tips "condition int test"   condition_int_test() {   # 数值 -eq -ne -gt -lt -ge -le   a=1   b=1   test "$a" -eq "$b"   echo "a=b:$?"   test "$a" -ne "$b"   echo "a!=b:$?"   test "$a" -lt "$b"   echo "a<b:$?"   test "$a" -gt "$b"   echo "a>b:$?"   test "$a" -le "$b"   echo "a<=b:$?"   test "$a" -ge "$b"   echo "a>=b:$?" } condition_int_test   next_tips "condition file test"   condition_file_test() {   # 文件 -e -d (目录) -f(常规文件) -w -x -r -L(链接文件) -u (设置了suid)   test -e /e/expr/shell/var.sh   echo "file exists:$?"   test -d /e/expr/shell   echo "dir exists:$?"   test -f /e/expr/shell/var.sh   echo "file attr-normal:$?"   test -w /e/expr/shell/var.sh   echo "file attr-w:$?"   test -x /e/expr/shell/var.sh   echo "file attr-x:$?"   test -r /e/expr/shell/var.sh   echo "file attr-r:$?"   test -L /e/expr/shell/var.sh   echo "file attr-L:$?"   test -u /e/expr/shell/var.sh   echo "file attr-u:$?" } condition_file_test   next_tips " -a -o ! test " condition_and_or_test() {    # -a (and) -o (or)    test 3 -eq 3 -a 4 -eq 4    echo "and test:$?"    test 3 -eq 4 -o 4 -eq 4    echo "or test:$?"    test ! 3 -eq 3    echo "! test:$?" } condition_and_or_test   next_tips " if xxx; then elif else if xxx then; fi" ifelse_test() {   #请输入个分数；分数必须>=0或<=100,如果输入错误，重新输入； A>=90 B >=80 C>=70 D>=60 E<60   echo "please input a score need ge 0 and le 100"   read score   while test "$score" -lt 0 -o "$score" -gt 100   do     echo "input error,please input a score need ge 0 and le 100"     read score   done     if test "$score" -ge 90; then     echo "A"   elif test "$score" -ge 80; then     echo "B"   elif test "$score" -ge 70; then     echo "C"   elif test "$score" -ge 60; then      echo "D"   else     echo "E"   fi   } ifelse_test   next_tips " exit 状态码测试" exit_test() {   echo "hello,world"   echo "$?"   #exit 100  #返回码<255,外部接收时候即返回100 } exit_test echo "$?"   next_tips "case in ) esac" case_test() {   read num   case $num in     1)       echo "1"       ;;     2)       echo "2"       ;;     3)       echo "3"       ;;   esac } case_test   next_tips "int operate test" int_test() {   a=1   b=2   let c=a+b   echo "c=$c"   let c=c-a   echo "c=$c"   let c=c*a   echo "c=$c"   let c=c/a   echo "c=$c"   let c=c**2  #2次方   echo "c=$c"   let c=c%a   echo "c=$c" } int_test   next_tips " for while brek continue" forwhilebreakcontinue_test() {   for((i=1;i<=5;i++))  #带个双括号   do     echo $i   done   #------   for file in $(ls)   do     echo $file   done   #------   i=1   while test $i -lt 5   do     echo "$i"     if test $i -eq 3 ; then           echo "fk will break"           break         fi     if test $i -eq 1 ; then       echo "fk will continue"       let i=i+1       echo "now i:$i"       continue     fi     let i=i+1   done } forwhilebreakcontinue_test   read