Android面试题:讲一讲Glide的原理
这个问题是字节跳动面试官问的,当时没看过图片异步加载框架的原理,只能跟他说会用。今天仔细看了看原理感觉也没那么难。
Gilde的使用方法也很简单:
Glide.with(content)
.load(url)
.into(imageView);
with绑定生命周期,load指定加载资源,into指明加载目标
生命周期绑定
源码解读
Glide.class和RequestManagerRetriever.class,主要用来获得RequestManager
//with返回一个RequestManager
public static RequestManager with(Activity activity) { return getRetriever(activity).get(activity); } //无论调用的是哪个with重载方法,最后都会到这里 public RequestManager get(Activity activity) { if (Util.isOnBackgroundThread()) { return get(activity.getApplicationContext()); } else { assertNotDestroyed(activity); android.app.FragmentManager fm = activity.getFragmentManager(); return fragmentGet(activity, fm, null); } } //这里新建了一个没有视图的RequestManagerFragment private RequestManager fragmentGet(Context context, android.app.FragmentManager fm, android.app.Fragment parentHint) { RequestManagerFragment current = getRequestManagerFragment(fm, parentHint); RequestManager requestManager = current.getRequestManager(); if (requestManager == null) { Glide glide = Glide.get(context);
//绑定requestManager和Fragment的Lifecycle requestManager = factory.build( glide, current.getGlideLifecycle(), current.getRequestManagerTreeNode(), context); current.setRequestManager(requestManager); } return requestManager; }
RequestManagerFragment.class中持有一个lifecycle,在Fragment进入关键生命周期时会主动通知lifecycle执行相关方法
public class RequestManagerFragment extends Fragment { ... private final ActivityFragmentLifecycle lifecycle; ...
@Override
public void onStart() {
super.onStart();
lifecycle.onStart();
}
@Override
public void onStop() {
super.onStop();
lifecycle.onStop();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
lifecycle.onDestroy();
} }
ActivityFragmentLifecycle.class中持有一个lifecycleListeners,在Fragment进入关键生命周期时Lifecycle会通知他的所有Listener
class ActivityFragmentLifecycle implements Lifecycle {
... private final Set<LifecycleListener> lifecycleListeners;void onStart() { isStarted = true; for (LifecycleListener lifecycleListener : Util.getSnapshot(lifecycleListeners)) { lifecycleListener.onStart(); } } void onStop() { isStarted = false; for (LifecycleListener lifecycleListener : Util.getSnapshot(lifecycleListeners)) { lifecycleListener.onStop(); } } void onDestroy() { isDestroyed = true; for (LifecycleListener lifecycleListener : Util.getSnapshot(lifecycleListeners)) { lifecycleListener.onDestroy(); } }
... }
RequestManger.class关键生命周期中处理加载任务
@Override public void onStart() { resumeRequests(); targetTracker.onStart(); } @Override public void onStop() { pauseRequests(); targetTracker.onStop(); } @Override public void onDestroy() { targetTracker.onDestroy(); for (Target<?> target : targetTracker.getAll()) { clear(target); } targetTracker.clear(); requestTracker.clearRequests(); }
总结
- Glide在加载绑定了Activity的生命周期。
- 在Activity内新建一个无UI的Fragment,这个特殊的Fragment持有一个Lifecycle。通过Lifecycle在Fragment关键生命周期通知RequestManger进行相关的操作。
- 在生命周期onStart时继续加载,onStop时暂停加载,onDestory是停止加载任务和清除操作。
缓存机制
缓存方式
- DiskCacheStrategy.NONE 不缓存文件
- DiskCacheStrategy.SOURCE 只缓存原图
- DiskCacheStrategy.RESULT 只缓存最终加载的图(默认的缓存略)
- DiskCacheStrategy.ALL 同时缓存原图和结果图
缓存键
EngineKey key = keyFactory.buildKey(model, signature, width, height, transformations,
resourceClass, transcodeClass, options);
缓存一般通过键值对的形式,缓存的键包括图片的宽、高、signature等参数。
图片加载策略
- 首先从ActivateResource获取,是个值为弱引用的Map
- MemoryCache和DiskCache是LruCache
MemoryCache和ActiveResource的关系
图片加载时会从MemoryCache移到ActivateResouce,生命周期结束后会缓存至MemoryCache,所以内存中至多有一份缓存。
主要线程池
public Glide build(@NonNull Context context) { if (sourceExecutor == null) { sourceExecutor = GlideExecutor.newSourceExecutor();//创建网络加载线程池对象 } if (diskCacheExecutor == null) { diskCacheExecutor = GlideExecutor.newDiskCacheExecutor();//创建磁盘加载线程池对象 } if (animationExecutor == null) { animationExecutor = GlideExecutor.newAnimationExecutor();//创建动画加载线程池对象 } }