CentOS 7 安装Redis4.0

redis是一种内存型的NoSQL数据库，优点是快，常用来做缓存用 
redis存储数据的方法是以key-value的形式 
value类型支持字符串，列表，哈希等多种类型

环境 : CnetOS7   192.168.94.11

关闭SElinux和防火墙

安装Redis

[root@redis01 ~]# yum -y install wget gcc gcc-c++ make tar openssl openssl-devel cmake
[root@redis01 ~]# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.1.tar.gz
[root@redis01 ~]# tar xf redis-4.0.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
[root@redis01 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/redis-4.0.1/
[root@redis01 redis-4.0.1]# make & make test
[root@redis01 redis-4.0.1]# make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis install
[root@redis01 redis]# cd /usr/local/redis/
[root@redis01 redis]# ls
bin
[root@redis01 redis]# mkdir /usr/local/redis/conf
[root@redis01 redis]# cp /usr/local/src/redis-4.0.1/redis.conf /usr/local/redis/conf/
[root@redis01 redis]# cp /usr/local/src/redis-4.0.1/sentinel.conf /usr/local/redis/conf/
[root@redis01 redis]# ln -s /usr/local/redis/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
[root@redis01 redis]# redis-server --version
Redis server v=4.0.1 sha=00000000:0 malloc=jemalloc-4.0.3 bits=64 build=d789e4152c8567db

简化redis配置文件,创建redis数据目录

[root@redis01 redis]# grep -Ev '^#|^$' conf/redis.conf.bak > conf/redis.conf
[root@redis01 redis]# mkdir /data/redis -p

修改redis配置文件

修改以下参数
[root@redis01 redis]# vim conf/redis.conf

bind 0.0.0.0            #监听地址
port 6379               #监听端口
tcp-backlog 1024        #tcp连接数
daemonize yes           #是否后台启动
pidfile /data/redis/redis.pid   #pid存放目录
logfile "/data/redis/redis.log" #日志存放目录
dir /data/redis/                #工作目录

redis服务启动和关闭

启动redis服务
[root@redis01 redis]# redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf
[root@redis01 redis]# netstat -antup|grep redis
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6379            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      54109/redis-server
连接redis服务
[root@redis01 redis]# redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1:6379> quit
关闭redis服务
[root@redis01 redis]# redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 shutdown
[root@redis01 redis]# netstat -antup|grep redis

redis系统参数优化

启动redis之后产看redis日志
[root@redis01 redis]# cat /data/redis/redis.log 
54108:C 08 Oct 15:45:46.095 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
54108:C 08 Oct 15:45:46.095 # Redis version=4.0.1, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=54108, just started
54108:C 08 Oct 15:45:46.095 # Configuration loaded
54109:M 08 Oct 15:45:46.097 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024).　　# 系统文件描述符设置为1024,太小,最好设置为10032
                _._                                                  
           _.-``__ ''-._                                             
      _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 4.0.1 (00000000/0) 64 bit
  .-`` .-```.  ```\/    _.,_ ''-._                                   
 (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in standalone mode
 |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: 6379
 |    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: 54109
  `-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'                                   
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           http://redis.io        
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |                                  
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   
      `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'                                       
          `-._        _.-'                                           
              `-.__.-'                                               

54109:M 08 Oct 15:45:46.099 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 1024 cannot be enforced because /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128.　　
# TCP的值为128太小了

54109:M 08 Oct 15:45:46.100 # Server initialized
54109:M 08 Oct 15:45:46.100 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
# overcommit_memory=0为不允许超额抢占内存，但是，rdb保存可能会失败。建议将vm.overcommit_memory = 1进行修改

54109:M 08 Oct 15:45:46.100 # WARNING you have Transparent Huge Pages (THP) support enabled in your kernel. This will create latency and memory usage issues with Redis. To fix this issue run the command 'echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled' as root, and add it to your /etc/rc.local in order to retain the setting after a reboot. Redis must be restarted after THP is disabled.
# 你的内核中启用了巨大内存页的支持，这将与redis的延迟内存使用冲突

54109:M 08 Oct 15:45:46.100 * Ready to accept connections

下面来逐个调整

调整系统文件描述符
[root@redis01 redis]# echo "* - nofile 10240" >> /etc/security/limits.conf 
[root@redis01 redis]# ulimit -n
1024
[root@redis01 redis]# su -l    # 重新登录 , 使配置生效
上一次登录：一 10月  8 15:15:35 CST 2018从 192.168.94.1pts/1 上
[root@redis01 ~]# ulimit -n
10240
调整TCP连接数
[root@redis01 ~]# sysctl -a | grep soma
net.core.somaxconn = 128
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.all.stable_secret"
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.default.stable_secret"
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.ens33.stable_secret"
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.lo.stable_secret"
[root@redis01 ~]# echo "net.core.somaxconn = 10240" >> /etc/sysctl.conf 
[root@redis01 ~]# sysctl -p
net.core.somaxconn = 10240
调整系统内存分配策略
[root@redis01 ~]# echo "vm.overcommit_memory = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@redis01 ~]# sysctl -p
net.core.somaxconn = 10240
vm.overcommit_memory = 1
[root@redis01 ~]# sysctl -a | grep commit
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.all.stable_secret"
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.default.stable_secret"
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.ens33.stable_secret"
sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.lo.stable_secret"
vm.nr_overcommit_hugepages = 0
vm.overcommit_kbytes = 0
vm.overcommit_memory = 1    # 修改成功
vm.overcommit_ratio = 50
关闭系统内核的巨大内存页支持
[root@redis01 ~]# echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
[root@redis01 ~]# cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
always madvise [never]
[root@redis01 ~]# echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag 
[root@redis01 ~]# cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
always madvise [never]
# 添加到rc.local
[root@redis01 ~]# echo -e 'echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled\necho never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag'>> /etc/rc.local
[root@redis01 ~]# tail -2 /etc/rc.local
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

重启redis-server

[root@redis01 ~]# redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 shutdown    # 关闭redis服务
[root@redis01 ~]# > /data/redis/redis.log     # 清空日志
[root@redis01 ~]# redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf　　# 启动redis服务
[root@redis01 ~]# cat /data/redis/redis.log 　　# 查看日志
54720:C 08 Oct 16:08:17.474 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
54720:C 08 Oct 16:08:17.474 # Redis version=4.0.1, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=54720, just started
54720:C 08 Oct 16:08:17.474 # Configuration loaded
                _._                                                  
           _.-``__ ''-._                                             
      _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 4.0.1 (00000000/0) 64 bit
  .-`` .-```.  ```\/    _.,_ ''-._                                   
 (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in standalone mode
 |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: 6379
 |    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: 54721
  `-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'                                   
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           http://redis.io        
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |                                  
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   
      `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'                                       
          `-._        _.-'                                           
              `-.__.-'                                               

54721:M 08 Oct 16:08:17.478 # Server initialized
54721:M 08 Oct 16:08:17.479 * DB loaded from disk: 0.000 seconds
54721:M 08 Oct 16:08:17.479 * Ready to accept connections