Docker Secrets

一、简介

  在微服务架构应用中,众多组件在集群中动态地创建、伸缩、更新。在如此动态和大规模的分布式系统上,管理和分发密码、证书等敏感信息将会是非常具有挑战性的工作。对于容器应用,传统的秘密分发方式,如将秘钥存放在容器镜像中,或是利用环境变量,volume动态挂载方式动态传入都存在着潜在的安全风险。

  为了应对这个问题,在Docker 1.13及更高版本中,Docker推出了Secrets管理,可以在Swarm mode集群中安全地管理密码、密钥证书等敏感信息,并允许在多个Docker容器实例之间共享访问指定的秘密信息。

二、基本功能和应用

  注: docker secret 只能从Docker Swarm模式的manager节点调用,如果你在本机进行试验,请先执行 docker swarm init 命令

  Docker命令行工具提供了docker secret命令来管理敏感信息  

# docker secret --help

Usage:	docker secret COMMAND

Manage Docker secrets

Options:


Commands:
  create      Create a secret from a file or STDIN as content
  inspect     Display detailed information on one or more secrets
  ls          List secrets
  rm          Remove one or more secrets

  其中 docker secret create 支持从标准输入读取信息,并且存入指定的secret

  (1)创建两个secrets

# echo "Password4DB" | docker secret create db_password -
anyyxxynb6r9ra9698f38c86x

# echo "Password4Root" | docker secret create root_password -
8ipun85hi89ibsg5ftp3l3uda

  

# docker secret ls
ID                          NAME                DRIVER              CREATED             UPDATED
anyyxxynb6r9ra9698f38c86x   db_password                             3 minutes ago       3 minutes ago
8ipun85hi89ibsg5ftp3l3uda   root_password                           3 minutes ago       3 minutes ago

  (2)创建一个db服务,并引用secret作为数据库和root密码   

# docker service create \
--name my-db \
--publish 3306:3306 \
--secret db_password \
--secret root_password \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE=/run/secrets/root_password \
-e MYSQL_USER=dbtest \
-e MYSQL_DATABASE=dbtest \
-e MYSQL_PASSWORD_FILE=/run/secrets/db_password \
mysql  

  (3)检查服务状态   

# docker service ls
ID                  NAME                MODE                REPLICAS            IMAGE                            PORTS
b9rvq5wwln5p        my-db               replicated          1/1                 mysql:latest                     *:3306->3306/tcp

# docker service ps my-db
ID                  NAME                IMAGE               NODE                DESIRED STATE       CURRENT STATE            ERROR               PORTS
7hezr6rtkp0k        my-db.1             mysql:latest        node-03             Running             Running 4 minutes ago

  (4)查看挂在到容器中的密码文件

# docker exec -it 56d5845c6741 ls /run/secrets/
db_password  root_password

# docker exec -it 56d5845c6741 cat /run/secrets/db_password
Password4DB

# docker exec -it 56d5845c6741 cat /run/secrets/root_password
Password4Root

  (5)登入验证 

# mysql -h host_ip -uroot  -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.21 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| dbtest             |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

三、容器编排中使用 docker secret

  从 Docker Compose V3.1开始,支持在容器编排文件中使用 secret,这可以方便地在不同容器中分享所需的敏感信息。下面将使用 Compose 模板来构建一个Wordpress应用,通过 secret 实现 “wordpress”服务容器和“db”服务容器中共享数据库密码。

  (1)secret_stack.yml 

version: "3.3"
services:
  wordpress:
    image: wordpress:latest
    secrets:
      - wp_db_password
    ports:
      - "8080:80"
    environment:
      - WORDPRESS_DB_USER=wordpress
      - WORDPRESS_DB_NAME=wordpress
      - WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD_FILE=/run/secrets/wp_db_password
      - WORDPRESS_DB_HOST=mysql
    deploy:
      replicas: 3
      update_config:
        parallelism: 2
        delay: 10s
      restart_policy:
        condition: on-failure

  mysql:
    image: mysql:latest
    secrets:
      - wp_db_password
      - root_db_password
    environment:
      - MYSQL_USER=wordpress
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=wordpress
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD_FILE=/run/secrets/wp_db_password
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE=/run/secrets/root_db_password
    deploy:
      replicas: 1
      restart_policy:
        condition: on-failure
secrets:
  wp_db_password:
    external: true
  root_db_password:
    external: true

  (2)生成密码

[root@manager stack_compose]# echo "Password4DB" | docker secret create wp_db_password -
xtkut0zoe7u774aymwremncpj
[root@manager stack_compose]# echo "Password4Root" | docker secret create root_db_password -
nx22on48v96qdph2k3s7hs6mv

  (3)部署服务

# docker stack deploy -c secret_stack.yml wordpress

  (4)查看部署情况  

[root@manager ~]# docker service ls
ID                  NAME                  MODE                REPLICAS            IMAGE                            PORTS
xa450wyt625o        wordpress_mysql       replicated          1/1                 mysql:latest                     
otpkb5li30vx        wordpress_wordpress   replicated          3/3                 wordpress:latest                 *:8080->80/tcp  

  (5)配置WordPress

  访问host_ip:8080

  

  

  

 

posted @ 2018-04-19 13:49  Bigberg  阅读(1674)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报