静默安装Oracle并创建Oracle数据库

安装Oracle18c内核最低为

3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64

通过命令查看 uname -a

3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64

更换yum源

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

:%s/$releasever/7/g

:%s/$basearch/x86_64/g

保存退出

yum makecache

安装依赖包

yum install bc  binutils  compat-libcap1-1 compat-libstdc++*  glibc* ksh libaio* libX11* libXau* libXi* libXtst* libXrender* libgcc* libstdc++* libxcb* make* nfs-utils* net-tools*  python2  python-configshell* python-rtslib*  python-six* smartmontools* sysstat* targetcli libaio-devel python3 -y

创建Oracle用户和组

groupadd -g 12345 oinstall

groupadd -g 12346 dba

# /usr/sbin/useradd -u 12345 -g oinstall -G dba oracle　　　　# GID

如果已经创建的Oracle用户使用加入组

usermod -a -G oinstall,dba oracle

将oinstall设为主组

usermod -g oinstall oracle

passwd oracle

 

关闭seLinux和防火墙

sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/" /etc/selinux/config

setenforce 0

systemctl stop firewalld

systemctl disable firewalld

 

修改内核参数

echo '
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
vm.swappiness = 0
vm.dirty_background_ratio = 3
vm.dirty_ratio = 80
vm.dirty_expire_centisecs = 500
vm.dirty_writeback_centisecs = 100
vm.min_free_kbytes=262144
' >> /etc/sysctl.conf

修改Linux限制

echo 'oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536' >>/etc/security/limits.conf

 

vim /etc/pam.d/login 找到这一行：session    required     pam_namespace.so ，在其下一行添加一条pam_limits.so

session    required     pam_limits.so

创建Oracle_home和Oracle_base路径

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/18c

chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01

 

$su - oracle //进入oracle用户模式下

设置Oracle环境变量

 

echo "export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/18c

export ORACLE_SID=bbll

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH" >>.bash_profile

 

环境变量生效

source .bash_profile

上传安装包

unzip -d /u01/app/oracle/product/18c

chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01

修改db_install.rsp文件，安装Oracle软件

vim /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/install/response/db_install.rsp

根据下面的参数一个个配置，其它的参数可以先不用配置
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/18c

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=bbll

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle

/u01/app/oracle/product/18c/runInstaller -silent -responseFile /u01/app/oracle/product/18c/install/response/db_install.rsp

创建监听

netca /silent /responseFile /u01/app/oracle/product/18c/assistants/netca/netca.rsp

修改dbca响应文件，创建数据库

vim /u01/app/oracle/product/18c/db_1/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp
gdbName=bbll

sid=bbll

templateName=/u01/app/oracle/product/18c/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc

datafileJarLocation={ORACLE_HOME}/assistants/dbca/templates/

datafileDestination={ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/

recoveryAreaDestination={ORACLE_BASE}/fast_recovery_area/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}

characterSet=AL32UTF8

listeners=LISTENER

memoryPercentage=40

totalMemory=529
保存退出，执行一下命令创建数据库

dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /u01/app/oracle/product/18c/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp

Enter SYS user password:

Enter SYSTEM user password:

输入密码即可

 

 

 

手动创建数据库

1.创建实例配置文件

$cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

$cp initorcl.ora  initbbll.ora

$vi  initbbll.ora   

db_name='bbll'
vcenter.__java_pool_size=402653184
vcenter.__large_pool_size=134217728
vcenter.__oracle_base='/opt/11g/oracle'
vcenter.__pga_aggregate_target=11341398016
vcenter.__sga_target=34024194048
vcenter.__shared_io_pool_size=0
vcenter.__shared_pool_size=7985954816
vcenter.__streams_pool_size=67108864
*.audit_file_dest='/opt/11g/oracle/admin/bbll/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files = (ora_control3, ora_control4)
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='bbll'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4385144832
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=YFZD2XDB)'
*.local_listener=''
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=11333009408
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=34001125376
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

 

:s（substitute）命令用来查找和替换字符串。语法如下：

 

:{作用范围}s/{目标}/{替换}/{替换标志}

 

例如:%s/foo/bar/g会在全局范围(%)查找foo并替换为bar，所有出现都会被替换（g）

 

2.创建实例相关目录

 

$cd $ORACLE_BASE

$cd admin

$mkdir bbll

$cd bbll

$mkdir adump  bdump  cdump  pfile  udump

$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/BBLL

3.创建vcenter数据文件

cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata

mkdir BBLL    

4.启动实例

$ . oraenv
ORACLE_SID = [cdb] ? bbll
ORACLE_HOME = [/home/oracle] ? /u01/app/oracle/product/18c
The Oracle base remains unchanged with value /u01/app/oracle

$sqlplus /nolog

sql>conn /as sysdba;

sql>startup nomount;

sql>select instance_name from v$instance;   //正常启动后执行语句可以看到运行的实例

sql>exit

5.创建密码文件

$$ORACLE_HOME/bin/orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwbbll password=yourpassword force=y  //文件生成在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录下

 

6.创建数据库脚本如下，进入到sql界面执行下面语句

sql>

  CREATE DATABASE bbll
   USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY sys
   USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY manager
   LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bbll/redo01.log') SIZE 100M,
           GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bbll/redo02.log') SIZE 100M,
           GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bbll/redo03.log') SIZE 100M
   MAXLOGFILES 5
   MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
   MAXLOGHISTORY 1
   MAXDATAFILES 100
   MAXINSTANCES 1
   CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
   NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
   DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bbll/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
   EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
   SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bbll/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
   DEFAULT TABLESPACE tbs_1 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bbll/tbs_1.dbf' size 50m
   DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp
      TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bbll/temp01.dbf'
      SIZE 20M REUSE
   UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1
      DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bbll/undotbs1.dbf'
      SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

//其中UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1必须与实例配置文件中的名字完全一样

sql>select status from v$instance;

//status为open表示成功

 

 

//运行后续脚本，创建数据字典及相关视图

SQL>conn sys as sysdba

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql;

//此过程可能需要10分钟左右

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql;

/此过程可能需要15分钟左右

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql;

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catoctk.sql;

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb;

SQL>conn system/ manager

SQL>@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql;

SQL>@?/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql

//配置listener.ora和tnsnames.ora，这两个文件在$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin目录下

listener.ora

(SID_LIST=
      (SID_DESC=
         (GLOBAL_DBNAME = bbll)         
         (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/18c)
         (SID_NAME = bbll)
       )
  )

tnsnames.ora
vcenter =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = bbll)
    )
  )

 

 

 

配置安装EM express

SQL> exec dbms_xdb_config.sethttpport(5500);

 

安装rlwrap命令，使Oracle中可以上下切换命令行

wget http://rpmfind.net/linux/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/r/rlwrap-0.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh rlwrap-0.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rlwrap sqlplus / as sysdba

 

posted @ 2020-10-12 14:14  捌玖  阅读(2157)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报