Centos7自动化脚本一键安装MySQL5.7
本文最近一次更新于2021.11.03
MySQL5.7源码安装包下载地址
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1N4Nh9YcYF_4cczFvweMDRQ
提取码：87fw
下载的文件请放在root目录下
按照以下方法安装会有个问题，那就是使用mysqldump等命令时，可能会提示socket文件找不到，需要添加参数--socket=/data/mysql/run/mysql.sock，或者把my.cnf里的socket对应目录路径改为/tmp/mysql.sock
以下脚本仅适用于测试环境，生产环境请谨慎使用！
本次使用了三个脚本。
分别复制执行以下脚本即可。
脚本1：配置my.cnf文件
#!/bin/bash cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF [mysql] # CLIENT # port = 3306 socket = /data/mysql/run/mysql.sock disable-auto-rehash default-character-set=gbk [mysqld] # GENERAL # server_id = 128 port = 3306 user = mysql explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true default-storage-engine = InnoDB character_set_server = gbk auto_increment_increment = 2 auto_increment_offset = 1 lower_case_table_names = 1 socket = /data/mysql/run/mysql.sock pid_file = /data/mysql/run/mysqld.pid # MyISAM # key-buffer-size = 32M myisam-recover-options = FORCE,BACKUP # SAFETY # max_allowed_packet = 134217728 max_connections = 8192 max_user_connections = 8000 open_files_limit = 65535 skip-name-resolve sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES sysdate-is-now = 1 # DATA STORAGE # basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql/data/ tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp # BINARY LOGGING # log-bin = /data/mysql/log/binlog/master-bin log-bin-index = /data/mysql/log/binlog/master-bin.index expire-logs-days = 15 sync-binlog = 1 binlog_format = ROW #RELAY LOGGING relay-log=/data/mysql/log/relaylog/master-relay-bin relay-log-index=/data/mysql/log/relaylog/master-relay-bin.index sync_relay_log=1 # CACHES AND LIMITS # tmp-table-size = 32M max-heap-table-size = 32M query-cache-type = 0 query-cache-size = 0 max-connections = 500 thread-cache-size = 50 open-files-limit = 65535 table-definition-cache = 1024 table-open-cache = 2048 # INNODB # innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql/log/iblog innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql/log/iblog innodb-flush-method = O_DIRECT innodb-log-files-in-group = 2 innodb-log-file-size = 256M innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit = 1 innodb-file-per-table = 1 innodb-buffer-pool-size = 6G # LOGGING # general_log = off log-error = /data/mysql/log/mysql-error.log log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1 slow-query-log = 1 slow-query-log-file = /data/mysql/log/mysql-slow.log log_slave_updates=ON EOF
脚本2：安装mysql
该脚本执行MySQL的安装，安装时采用--initialize-insecure选项不生成初始密码即安装完成后可以免密登录。
如果需要修改mysql安装位置，需要修改/etc/my.cnf里的basedir和下面./mysqld安装命令后的选项--basedir=/usr/local/mysql
#!/bin/bash
#新建mysql组 groupadd mysql
#新建mysql用户，指定组，不允许登录，不创建家目录。MySQL安装时不--user=mysql指定mysql用户好像是会报错或者提示，所以建议是新建mysql用户，也是基于安全考虑，哪怕数据库被黑，也不至于影响到root用户 useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
#-C解压到指定路径，/tmp有自动清空规则，Centos7是/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tmp.conf。 tar -xvf mysql-5.7.36-el7-x86_64.tar.gz -C /tmp
#有些人会做软链接到/usr/local/mysql。我这里是直接覆盖到这个目录，没做软链接。MySQL二进制安装包解压后的文件是有用处的，要么做软链接要么保留直接用
#因为/usr/local/mysql要有解压后的MySQL二进制文件里support-files/mysql.server默认配置的是/usr/local/mysql路径，这个在后面配置systemctl服务控制命令用到
mv /tmp/mysql-5.7.36-el7-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -pv /data/mysql/log/{iblog,binlog,relaylog}
mkdir -pv /data/mysql/{data,run,tmp}
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql chmod -R 755 /data/mysql cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
#--initialize-insecure参数是用于创建一个密码为空的超级用户。--user=mysql指Run mysqld daemon as user。mysqld的帮助手册查看./mysqld --verbose --help ./mysqld --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data --user=mysql --initialize-insecure
#为什么不是在/etc/profile里改？其实/etc/profile和/etc/profile.d作用是一样的。只是profile里有指定循环读取profile.d下的环境配置文件。用profile.d好处在于可以实现解耦，避免频繁改动/etc/profile。变量$PATH前记得加\转义
echo "PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:\$PATH" >/etc/profile.d/mysqld.sh if [ -f /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server ]; then
#cp后，可以通过/etc/init.d/mysqld start启动mysqld cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld else echo "this is no mysql.server" fi sed -i 's/^mysqld_pid_file_path=.*$/mysqld_pid_file_path=\/data\/mysql\/run\/mysqld.pid/g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
#这里其实我们执行source /etc/profile也能让mysqld.sh生效 source /etc/profile.d/mysqld.sh systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld setenforce 0
sed -i 's/=enforcing/=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
#启动mysql。使用/etc/init.d/mysqld stop可停止mysql服务 /etc/init.d/mysqld start
echo "MySQL安装完成！如未正常启动，可尝试执行以下语句" echo "请执行'source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh'" echo "请执行'/etc/init.d/mysqld start'"
有个地方我还没琢磨透，那就是按照以上操作后，其实也可以直接用systemctl status/stop/start mysqld来控制服务启停。但是按我的理解应该还不行，需要再额外配置。这个我再琢磨下
脚本3：MySQL初始化配置（可选）
该脚本内容主要配置MySQL密码为123456，以及删除一些默认用户
#!/bin/bash mysql -e "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='';" mysql -e "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE host='localhost';" mysql -e "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE host='localhost.localdomain';" mysql -e "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE host='::1';" mysql -e "SELECT host, user, authentication_string FROM mysql.user WHERE user = 'root';" mysql -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;" mysql -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;" mysql -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"
PS：如果安装失败，或者想卸载,只需要删除/data/mysql和/usr/local/mysql就可以卸载干净
