nginx日志格式配置

我一向对日志这个东西有些许恐惧，因为在分析日志是需要记住不同服务器日志的格式，就拿提取ip这一项来说，有的服务器日志是在第一列，有的是第二列或则第三列等等。知道今天我才发现，日志格式是可以自定义配置的。。。。
现在我们来看一下nginx的日志格式如何自定义配置
log_format指令用来设置日志格式，其语法如下：
log_format name format [format …]

nginx默认日志格式具体参数如下：

log_format combined '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local]'
'"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent '
'"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';

看一下一条nginx日志

192.168.3.113 - - [23/Jul/2017:01:17:43 -0700] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0"

可以看到分别对应的是ip 远程用户名 时间 请求 请求状态 以及用户客户端信息等等

那么日志配置是在哪里进行配置的呢

[root@localhost nginx]# !446
cat conf/nginx.conf|grep -v "#"|grep -v "^$"
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    log_format mylog '$remote_addr [$time_local]' '"$http_user_agent"';          #在这里进行配置，命名为mylog，也可以把这条语句放在server里面
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.bp1.com;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
        error_page  404              /404.html;
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
    }
    server{
        listen 192.168.3.123:80;
        server_name www.bp3.com;
        access_log logs/bp2.access.log mylog;     #使用刚配置的日志文件格式mylog
        location /
        {
            index index.html index.php;
            root html/bp2;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html/bp2;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

    }
    server{
        listen 192.168.3.125:80;
        server_name www.bp2.com;
        location /{
            root html/bp3;
            index index.html index.php;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html/bp3;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
    }
}
[root@localhost nginx]# 

效果

192.168.3.113 [23/Jul/2017:01:37:51 -0700]"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0"