Cobbler安装配置简单使用
安装Cobbler
1 [root@linux-node3 ~]# yum -y install epel-release 2 [root@linux-node3 ~]# yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp httpd xinetd pykickstart fence-agents # 如果你的报错请用163源 3 [root@linux-node3 ~]# chkconfig cobblerd on 4 [root@linux-node3 ~]# chkconfig httpd on 5 [root@linux-node3 ~]# chkconfig dhcpd on 6 [root@linux-node3 ~]# chkconfig xinetd on 7 [root@linux-node3 ~]# chkconfig rsyncd on 8 [root@linux-node3 ~]# sed -i -e 's/\=\ yes/\=\ no/g' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 9 [root@linux-node3 ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt "cobbler" "centos" # centos为你之后所装所有机器的root密码，cobbler是对centos进行加密时用到的加密文(可以去看下salt加密相关)，参数是数字1不是字母l
10 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cat/etc/cobbler/settings 11 next_server: 192.168.145.11 # 提供pxe的主机，你的本机ip 12 server: 192.168.145.11 # 提供cobbler的主机，还是你的本机ip 13 manage_dhcp：1 14 manage_rsync: 1 15 default_password_crypted: "$1$cobbler$DWL2fHTHaRTa2hj5VEuZk." # 刚才使用加密后得到的密文，注意最后有个. 16 pxe_just_once: 1 # 防止循环装系统，很重要！ 17 18 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cat /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template # 更改第一段就好，其实就是dhcp的配置 20 subnet 192.168.56.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { 21 option routers 192.168.56.2; 22 option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8; 23 option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; 24 range dynamic-bootp 192.168.56.100 192.168.56.254; 25 default-lease-time 21600; 26 max-lease-time 43200; 27 next-server $next_server; 28 class "pxeclients" { 29 match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient"; 30 if option pxe-system-type = 00:02 { 31 filename "ia64/elilo.efi"; 32 } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:06 { 33 filename "grub/grub-x86.efi"; 34 } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:07 { 35 filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi"; 36 } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:09 { 37 filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi"; 38 } else { 39 filename "pxelinux.0"; 40 } 41 } 42 43 } 44 45 [root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start xinetd 46 [root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start dhcpd 47 [root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start httpd 48 [root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start rsyncd 49 [root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start cobblerd 50 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler get-loaders # 去git下载cobbler相关包，下载慢的话可以把dns换成114.114.114.114 51 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler sync # 每次有修改过文件后都要执行哦 52 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler check # cobbler自带的检测命令，出了问题就可以使用下，可以快速帮助你检测出问题的所在点，centos7会出debmirror错误，这是安装debian系统相关的，不会影响到使用 54 [root@linux-node3 ~]# htdigest /etc/cobbler/users.digest "Cobbler" cobbler # 设置cobbler_web页面的访问密码 55 访问https://192.168.145.11/cobbler_web # 用户名为cobbler，密码刚才设置的，注意是https
56 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cat /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template 57 DEFAULT menu 58 PROMPT 0 59 MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://www.cnblogs.com/bfmq/ 60 TIMEOUT 50 # 装系统时的等待时间，默认20秒 61 TOTALTIMEOUT 6000 62 ONTIMEOUT centos7.2-x86_64 # 这个需要改成你自己的cobbler profile list出现的，之后默认不选择系统引导后就会自动选择这个 63 64 LABEL local 65 MENU LABEL (local) 66 MENU DEFAULT 67 LOCALBOOT -1 68 $pxe_menu_items 69 70 MENU end
使用Cobbler
1 [root@linux-node3 ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt # /dev/sr0是centos7.2的iso源镜像 2 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=centos7.2 # 需要一些时间，导入的镜像会放在/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror内，以name指定的为目录名 3 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts 4 5 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cat centos7.2-x86_64.cfg # 里面不可以有中文，so，不注释含义了，都很好理解 6 # kickstart template for Fedora 8 and later. 7 # (includes %end blocks) 8 # do not use with earlier distros 9 10 #platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T 11 # System authorization information 12 auth --useshadow --enablemd5 13 # System bootloader configuration 14 bootloader --location=mbr 15 # Partition clearing information 16 clearpart --all --initlabel 17 # Use text mode install 18 text 19 # Firewall configuration 20 firewall --disabled 21 # Run the Setup Agent on first boot 22 firstboot --disable 23 # System keyboard 24 keyboard us 25 # System language 26 lang en_US 27 # Use network installation 28 url --url=$tree 29 # If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in the kickstart profile, include them here. 30 $yum_repo_stanza 31 # Network information 32 $SNIPPET('network_config') 33 # Reboot after installation 34 reboot 35 36 #Root password 37 rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted 38 # SELinux configuration 39 selinux --disabled 40 # Do not configure the X Window System 41 skipx 42 # System timezone 43 timezone Asia/Shanghai 44 # Install OS instead of upgrade 45 install 46 # Clear the Master Boot Record 47 zerombr 48 # Allow anaconda to partition the system as needed 49 autopart 50 #clearpart --all --initlabel 51 #part / --fstype xfs --size 1 --grow --asprimary --onbiosdisk=8052 #part swap --maxsize=2048 --asprimary --size=2048 --onbiosdisk=8053 #part /boot --fstype=xfs --grow --asprimary --size=600 --onbiosdisk=80 54 55 %packages 56 @^minimal 57 @base 58 @core 59 @development61 lftp 62 openssh-clients 63 tree 64 lrzsz 65 telnet 66 nc 67 sysstat 68 gcc 69 gcc-c++ 70 %end 71 72 %post 73 sed -i "s/#UseDNS yes/UseDNS no/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config 74 echo 'export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S "' >> /etc/bashrc 75 echo 'export HISTSIZE=9999' >> /etc/bashrc 76 IP=`ifconfig eth0|grep netmask|awk '{print $2}'` 77 HN=`echo $IP|awk -F. '{print $NF}'` 78 sed -i 's/dhcp/none/g' /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 79 echo 'PREFIX=24' >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 80 echo "IPADDR=$IP" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 81 echo 'GATEWAY=192.168.145.2' >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 82 sed -i 's/nameserver *.*.*.*/nameserver 8.8.8.8/g' /etc/resolv.conf 83 systemctl restart network 84 %end 85 86 %pre 87 $SNIPPET('log_ks_pre') 88 $SNIPPET('kickstart_start') 89 $SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config') 90 # Enable installation monitoring 91 $SNIPPET('pre_anamon') 92 %end 93 94 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler profile edit --name=centos7.2-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7.2-x86_64.cfg 95 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler profile edit --name= centos7.2-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0' # 装6的系统不需要，这是统一网卡名称用的
96 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler sync
然后你就可以直接开机等待系统自动安装了
