android-ContentProvider<七>

1.ContentProvider

   Content Provider 作为Android应用程序四大组件之一,为存储和查询数据提供统一的接口,实现程序间

   数据的共享。Android系统内一些常见的数据如音乐、视频、图像等都内置了一系列的Content Provider。 

   应用程序间共享数据有两种方式:

  1.  是创建子类继承于Content Provider,重写该类用于数据存储和查询的方法。(注意:这通常是为某类,设计它的CP)
  2.  是直接使用已经存在的Content Provider,如联系人等。

   存储数据的方式:

   在Content Provider中数据的是以表的形式存储,在数据表中每一行为一条记录,每一列为类型和数据。

   每一条记录都包括一个唯一的名叫_ID的数值字段,这个字段唯一标识一条数据记录。

  

  在创建表的时候用 INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT来标识此字段。

  意思是:这是主键,类型为int ,数值从1开始递增。下面就是将UserTableMetaData._ID这列设成这样

  例如:db.execSQL("create table " + USERS_TABLE_NAME+ "("+UserTableMetaData._ID
    + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,"+.UserTableMetaData.USER_NAME+" varchar(20));")

  参考博客:http://blog.csdn.net/liuhe688/article/details/7050868

  注意:

 

2.ContentProvider类的设计模式

   成员变量(字段):

    private static final UriMatcher matcher;  
    private DBHelper helper;  
    private SQLiteDatabase db;  
      
    private static final String AUTHORITY = "com.scott.provider.PersonProvider";  
    private static final int PERSON_ALL = 0;  
    private static final int PERSON_ONE = 1;  
      
    public static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.scott.person";  
    public static final String CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE = "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.scott.person";  
      
    //数据改变后立即重新查询  
    private static final Uri NOTIFY_URI = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/persons");  
      
    static {  
        matcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);  
          
        matcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "persons", PERSON_ALL);   //匹配记录集合  
        matcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "persons/#", PERSON_ONE); //匹配单条记录  
    } 

   成员方法(增删改查):

  1 @Override  
  2     public boolean onCreate() {  
  3         helper = new DBHelper(getContext());  
  4         return true;  
  5     }  
  6   
  7     @Override  
  8     public String getType(Uri uri) {  
  9         int match = matcher.match(uri);  
 10         switch (match) {  
 11         case PERSON_ALL:  
 12             return CONTENT_TYPE;  
 13         case PERSON_ONE:  
 14             return CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE;  
 15         default:  
 16             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI: " + uri);  
 17         }  
 18     }  
 19       
 20     @Override  
 21     public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {  
 22         db = helper.getReadableDatabase();  
 23         int match = matcher.match(uri);  
 24         switch (match) {  
 25         case PERSON_ALL:  
 26             //doesn't need any code in my provider.  
 27             break;  
 28         case PERSON_ONE:  
 29             long _id = ContentUris.parseId(uri);  
 30             selection = "_id = ?";  
 31             selectionArgs = new String[]{String.valueOf(_id)};  
 32             break;  
 33         default:  
 34             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI: " + uri);  
 35         }  
 36         return db.query("person", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);  
 37     }  
 38   
 39     @Override  
 40     public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {  
 41         int match = matcher.match(uri);  
 42         if (match != PERSON_ALL) {  
 43             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Wrong URI: " + uri);  
 44         }  
 45         db = helper.getWritableDatabase();  
 46         if (values == null) {  
 47             values = new ContentValues();  
 48             values.put("name", "no name");  
 49             values.put("age", "1");  
 50             values.put("info", "no info.");  
 51         }  
 52         long rowId = db.insert("person", null, values);  
 53         if (rowId > 0) {  
 54             notifyDataChanged();  
 55             return ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, rowId);  
 56         }  
 57         return null;  
 58     }  
 59   
 60     @Override  
 61     public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {  
 62         db = helper.getWritableDatabase();  
 63         int match = matcher.match(uri);  
 64         switch (match) {  
 65         case PERSON_ALL:  
 66             //doesn't need any code in my provider.  
 67             break;  
 68         case PERSON_ONE:  
 69             long _id = ContentUris.parseId(uri);  
 70             selection = "_id = ?";  
 71             selectionArgs = new String[]{String.valueOf(_id)};  
 72         }  
 73         int count = db.delete("person", selection, selectionArgs);  
 74         if (count > 0) {  
 75             notifyDataChanged();  
 76         }  
 77         return count;  
 78     }  
 79   
 80     @Override  
 81     public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {  
 82         db = helper.getWritableDatabase();  
 83         int match = matcher.match(uri);  
 84         switch (match) {  
 85         case PERSON_ALL:  
 86             //doesn't need any code in my provider.  
 87             break;  
 88         case PERSON_ONE:  
 89             long _id = ContentUris.parseId(uri);  
 90             selection = "_id = ?";  
 91             selectionArgs = new String[]{String.valueOf(_id)};  
 92             break;  
 93         default:  
 94             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI: " + uri);  
 95         }  
 96         int count = db.update("person", values, selection, selectionArgs);  
 97         if (count > 0) {  
 98             notifyDataChanged();  
 99         }  
100         return count;  
101     }  
102   
103     //通知指定URI数据已改变  
104     private void notifyDataChanged() {  
105         getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(NOTIFY_URI, null);         
106     }  
107 }  
View Code

3.Uri类

   用来指向操作的数据,一般为contentprovider的类下的表名(在数据库中已创建的某张表)

    (构造)方法: public static Uri parse (String uriString)

String AUTHORIY = "mars.cp.FirstContentProvider";
Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORIY + "/users");

4.UriMatcher类

   它是用来匹配Uri的,因为Uri有可能是指向整张表(..../users,users为一张表明),

   也有可能指向表中的某个记录(如:.../users/10,users表中的id为10的记录)。

   注意:下面里的“#”为通配符,用来通配各种uri里指向的某条记录(../users/1,.../user/5,等等),起到了代表所有指向记录类型的uri.

1 public static final UriMatcher uriMatcher;
2 uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
3         uriMatcher.addURI(FirstProviderMetaData.AUTHORIY, "/users",
4                 INCOMING_USER_COLLECTION);
5         uriMatcher.addURI(FirstProviderMetaData.AUTHORIY, "/users/#",
6                 INCOMING_USER_SINGLE);

5.ContentUris类

   通常使用它的withAppendedId方法,为指向整张表的Uri尾部添加指向id值。

String AUTHORIY = "mars.cp.FirstContentProvider";
Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORIY + "/users");
Uri insertedUserUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(CONTENT_URI, 10);
//这里的insertedUserUri就成为了一个指向某张表下id=10的记录。

 

posted @ 2015-02-15 12:53  beyondbycyx  阅读(131)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报