yum 安装mysql, yum安装指定版本的mysql
yum安装mysql:
1. 查看有没有安装过
yum list installed MySQL* （有存在要卸载yum remove MySQL*）
rpm -qa | grep mysql*
查看有没有安装包：
yum list mysql*
2. 安装mysql客户端
yum -y install mysql
安装mysql 服务器端
yum -y install mysql-server mysql-devel
3. 启动&&停止 数据库字符集设置
mysql配置文件/etc/my.cnf中加入default-character-set=utf8
启动mysql服务： service mysqld start或者/etc/init.d/mysqld start
开机启动：
添加开机启动：chkconfig --add mysqld;
开机启动：chkconfig mysqld on;
查看开机启动设置是否成功chkconfig --list | grep mysql* mysqld 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭停止：
停止
service mysqld stop
4. 登陆等权限设置
登录mysql数据库：mysq -u root password 123456
首次使用创建root管理员和密码
（mysql -u root -p输入密码即可？）
mysql -u root;
use mysql ;
update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";
flush privileges;
忘记密码
service mysqld stop;
mysqld_safe --user=root --skip-grant-tables;
这一步骤执行的时候不会出现新的命令行，你需要重新打开一个窗口执行下面的命令
mysql -u root;
use mysql ;
update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";
flush privileges;
如果需要外网可以访问需要再做如下设置
授权用户可以从远程登陆
grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';
flush privileges ;
5. 远程访问 开放防火墙的端口号mysql
增加权限：mysql库中的user表新增一条记录Host为“%”，User为“root”。
一般开发测试直接把防火墙关闭
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su rootservice iptables stop #关闭防火墙service iptables status #验证是否关闭chkconfig iptables off #关闭防火墙的开机自动运行chkconfig –list | grep iptables #验证防火墙的开机自动运行vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux # 禁用selinux，将SELINUX=disabled |
6. Linux MySQL的几个重要目录
数据库目录 /var/lib/mysql/
配置文件 /usr/share /mysql（mysql.server命令及配置文件）
相关命令 /usr/bin（mysqladmin mysqldump等命令）
启动脚本 /etc/rc.d/init.d/（启动脚本文件mysql的目录）
7. 删除 mysql 数据库
如果使用的是 yum 安装的 mysql，需要删除的话，就使用如下命令：
yum -y remove mysql*
然后将 /var/lib/mysql文件夹下的所有文件都删除干净
最后再重新执行上面的安装步骤。
yum安装MySQL指定版本
默认yum只能安装mysql 5.1，我们可以自己配置通过yum安装5.6或者其他版本。
1. 查看系统里面有没有mysql 的repo（可以参考上面第一步卸载）
yum repolist all | grep mysql
2. 如果没有发现，则需要配置repo
只能有一个是 enabled=1的，其他的都得enabled=0。
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
输入如下内容
[mysql-connectors-community]3. 再看看是否存在mysql的repo
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
# Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
# Note: MySQL 5.7 is currently in development. For use at your own risk.
# Please read with sub pages: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/
[mysql57-community-dmr]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server Development Milestone Release
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
可以看到已经有了
4. 签名
vim /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
写入如下内容
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=443I
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
yum install mysql-community-server
6. 启动
service mysqld start
其他操作可以参考上面第一节的介绍。
参考
4. 登陆等权限设置
登录mysql数据库：mysq -u root password 123456
首次使用创建root管理员和密码
（mysql -u root -p输入密码即可？）
mysql -u root;
use mysql ;
update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";
flush privileges;
忘记密码
service mysqld stop;
mysqld_safe --user=root --skip-grant-tables;
这一步骤执行的时候不会出现新的命令行，你需要重新打开一个窗口执行下面的命令
mysql -u root;
use mysql ;
update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";
flush privileges;
授权用户可以从远程登陆
grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';
flush privileges ;
