------------------------Hibernate一对多OnetoMany 要点: 配置在一端。 1.如果是单向关联,即只在一端配置OneToMany,多端不配置ManyToOne。则会创建一张关系表。 2.如果在单向关联的OneToMany上加上@JoinColumn,则会在多端增加一个外键维护关系,而不单独创建关系表。 3.可以配置级联操作 @OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL),保存一端的时候保存多端 4.如果是双向关联,即在一端配置OneToMany,多端配置ManyToOne,则在多端增加外键字段维护关系, 并且要使用mappedBy或者是inverse确保只有一端维护关系 2.单向关联 @Entity public class User { @Id @GeneratedValue private long id; @Column(name="name") private String name; @OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL) @JoinColumn private Set<Role> roles = new HashSet<Role>(); } @Entity public class Role { @Id @GeneratedValue private long id; @Column private String name; } 执行: User user = new User(); user.setName("zhangsan"); Role r1= new Role(); r1.setName("ADMIN"); Role r2= new Role(); r2.setName("EDITOR"); user.getRoles().add(r1); user.getRoles().add(r2); session.save(user); 结果: Hibernate: insert into User (name, id) values (?, ?) Hibernate: insert into Role (name, id) values (?, ?) Hibernate: insert into Role (name, id) values (?, ?) Hibernate: update Role set roles_id=? where id=? Hibernate: update Role set roles_id=? where id=? 保存user后保存两个role 然后更新外键。多两条更新语句。 执行:保存user后删除一个role对象。 User user = new User(); user.setName("zhangsan"); Role r1= new Role(); r1.setName("ADMIN"); Role r2= new Role(); r2.setName("EDITOR"); user.getRoles().add(r1); user.getRoles().add(r2); session.save(user); user.getRoles().remove(r1); 结果: Hibernate: insert into User (name, id) values (?, ?) Hibernate: insert into Role (name, id) values (?, ?) Hibernate: insert into Role (name, id) values (?, ?) Hibernate: update Role set roles_id=? where id=? 保存user后保存两个role,然后更新被删除role的外键为Null。此时并没有删除role这个数据。 只需要增加orphanRemoval=true,则会删除已经没有关联关系的子实体 @Entity public class User { @Id @GeneratedValue private long id; @Column(name="name") private String name; @OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL,orphanRemoval=true) @JoinColumn private Set<Role> roles = new HashSet<Role>(); } 结果: Hibernate: insert into User (name, id) values (?, ?) Hibernate: insert into Role (name, id) values (?, ?) Hibernate: insert into Role (name, id) values (?, ?) Hibernate: update Role set roles_id=? where id=? Hibernate: delete from Role where id=? 将移除的子实体更新外键为null,然后执行删除,效率一般。 4.双向关联 要点:关系必须双向都设置,业务代码中关系也必须双向设置 mappedBy指向多端实体里的一端变量名 inverse和mappedBy是同一个东西,只是inverse是用于xml配置,而mappedBy则是用于注解中。 只有OneToOne,OneToMany,ManyToMany上才有mappedBy属性,ManyToOne不存在该属性; @Entity public class User { @Id @GeneratedValue private long id; @Column(name="name") private String name; @OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL,mappedBy="user")//由多端维护关系 private Set<Role> roles = new HashSet<Role>(); } @Entity public class Role { @Id @GeneratedValue private long id; @Column private String name; @ManyToOne private User user; } -------------------mappedBy 只保存一端 T1 执行: User user = new User(); user.setName("zhangsan"); Role r1= new Role(); r1.setName("ADMIN"); Role r2= new Role(); r2.setName("EDITOR"); //业务代码中双向设置关系 user.getRoles().add(r1); user.getRoles().add(r2); r1.setUser(user); r2.setUser(user); session.save(user); 结果: Hibernate: insert into User (name, id) values (?, ?) Hibernate: insert into Role (name, user_id, id) values (?, ?, ?) Hibernate: insert into Role (name, user_id, id) values (?, ?, ?) 执行3条语句,插入结果正确。将保存操作传递到多端了,然后进行了保存。 --------------------------------mappedBy 先保存多端,再保存一端 User user = new User(); user.setName("zhangsan"); Role r1= new Role(); r1.setName("ADMIN"); Role r2= new Role(); r2.setName("EDITOR"); user.getRoles().add(r1); user.getRoles().add(r2); r1.setUser(user); r2.setUser(user); session.save(r1); session.save(r2); session.save(user);//无此句则报错,因为user为瞬时态,而role端无级联操作 结果: Hibernate: insert into Role (name, user_id, id) values (?, ?, ?) Hibernate: insert into Role (name, user_id, id) values (?, ?, ?) Hibernate: insert into User (name, id) values (?, ?) Hibernate: update Role set name=?, user_id=? where id=? Hibernate: update Role set name=?, user_id=? where id=? 先保存两个role,然后保存user。role负责关系维护,又更新了关系外键。 ---------------------mappedBy 只保存一端,并删除一端集合的一个数据 执行: User user = new User(); user.setName("zhangsan"); Role r1= new Role(); r1.setName("ADMIN"); Role r2= new Role(); r2.setName("EDITOR"); //业务代码中双向设置关系 user.getRoles().add(r1); user.getRoles().add(r2); r1.setUser(user); r2.setUser(user); session.save(user); user.getRoles().remove(r1); 结果: Hibernate: insert into User (name, id) values (?, ?) Hibernate: insert into Role (name, user_id, id) values (?, ?, ?) Hibernate: insert into Role (name, user_id, id) values (?, ?, ?) 没有进行删除操作。User不负责关系维护,操作失败。 当指定orphanRemoval=true时删除成功! ---------级联删除 --------------------直接删除一端(数据为T1操作后的数据) User user = session.get(User.class, 170l); session.remove(user); 结果: Hibernate: delete from Role where id=? Hibernate: delete from Role where id=? Hibernate: delete from User where id=?
删除了一端和所有多端。删除进行了级联传递,先删除多端的两个Role,然后删除用户。
此时确先删除了多端,然后删除一端?直接先删除一端是不可能的
--------------------直接删除多端
Role r = session.get(Role.class, 175l);
session.remove(r);
结果:
Hibernate:
delete
from
Role
where
id=?
执行成功。相当于执行了mantoone的删除
//删除
User user = session.get(User.class, 167l);
Role role = session.get(Role.class, 168l);
System.out.println(user.getName());
System.out.println(role.getName());
user.getRoles().remove(role);//当载入内存后,必须解除关系,再删除
session.remove(role);//删除成功