NGINX

脑图

Nginx

nginx配置文件主要分为六个区域：

main(全局设置)、events(nginx工作模式)、http(http设置)、

sever(主机设置)、location(URL匹配)、upstream(负载均衡服务器设置)

虚拟主机

include  /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/*;

正向代理反向代理概念

两者的区别在于代理的对象不一样：正向代理代理的对象是客户端，反向代理代理的对象是服务端

配置反向代理:

server {

    listen       80;

    server_name  nginx-01.xiaoniu.cn;

#172.16.203.101/hello.html

location / {

    root html;

        proxy_pass http://192.168.0.21:8080;

    }

}

负载均衡

在http这个节下面配置一个叫upstream的，后面的名字可以随意取，但是要和location下的proxy_pass http://后的保持一致。

http {

    upstream tomcats {

        server 172.16.203.20:8080 weight=1;

        server tomcat-02.xiaoniu.cn:8080 weight=1;

        server tomcat-02.xiaoniu.cn:8080 weight=1;

    }

    location ~ .*\.(jsp|do|action) {

        proxy_pass http://tomcats;

    }

}

配置动静分离:

动态资源 index.jsp

location ~ .*\.(jsp|do|action)$ {

    proxy_pass http://tomcat-01.xiaoniu.cn:8080;

}

静态资源

location ~ .*\.(html|js|css|gif|jpg|jpeg|png)$ {

    expires 3d;

}

高可靠软件keepalived

keepalive是一款可以实现高可靠的软件，通常部署在2台服务器上，分为一主一备。Keepalived可以对本机上的进程进行检测，一旦Master检测出某个进程出现问题，将自己切换成Backup状态，然后通知另外一个节点切换成Master状态。

^8q5wnv

keepalived安装

下载keepalived官网:http://keepalived.org

将keepalived解压到/usr/local/src目录下

tar -zxvf  keepalived-1.3.6.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

进入到/usr/local/src/keepalived-1.3.6目录

cd /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.3.6

开始configure

./configure

编译并安装

make && make install

将keepalived添加到系统服务中

拷贝执行文件

将init.d文件拷贝到etc下,加入开机启动项

将keepalived文件拷贝到etc下

cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.3.6/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

创建keepalived文件夹

mkdir -p /etc/keepalived

将keepalived配置文件拷贝到etc下

cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.3.6/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

添加可执行权限

chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived

添加keepalived到开机启动

chkconfig --add keepalived  

chkconfig keepalived on

配置keepalived虚拟IP

MASTER节点

global_defs {}vrrp_instance VI_1 {    state MASTER    interface eth0    virtual_router_id 51    priority 100    advert_int 1    authentication {        auth_type PASS        auth_pass 1111    }    virtual_ipaddress {        10.0.0.10/24    }}

BACKUP节点

global_defs {}vrrp_instance VI_1 {    state BACKUP    interface eth0    virtual_router_id 51    priority 99    advert_int 1    authentication {        auth_type PASS        auth_pass 1111    }    virtual_ipaddress {        10.0.0.10/24    }}

分别启动两台机器上的keepalived

service keepalived start

配置keepalived心跳检查

MASTER节点

global_defs {} vrrp_script chk_health {    script "[[ `ps -ef | grep nginx | grep -v grep | wc -l` -ge 2 ]] && exit 0 || exit 1"    interval 1    weight -2} vrrp_instance VI_1 {    state MASTER    interface eth0    virtual_router_id 1    priority 100    advert_int 2    authentication {        auth_type PASS        auth_pass 1111    }     track_script {        chk_health    }     virtual_ipaddress {        10.0.0.10/24    }     notify_master "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh master"    notify_backup "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh backup"    notify_fault "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh fault"}

添加切换通知脚本

vi /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh

  

#!/bin/bash case "$1" in    master)        /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx        exit 0    ;;backup)        /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop        /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx        exit 0    ;;    fault)        /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop        exit 0    ;;    *)        echo 'Usage: notify.sh {master|backup|fault}'        exit 1    ;;esac

添加执行权限

chmod +x /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh

  

global_defs {} vrrp_script chk_health {    script "[[ `ps -ef | grep nginx | grep -v grep | wc -l` -ge 2 ]] && exit 0 || exit 1"    interval 1    weight -2} vrrp_instance VI_1 {    state BACKUP    interface eth0    virtual_router_id 1    priority 99    advert_int 1    authentication {        auth_type PASS        auth_pass 1111    }     track_script {        chk_health    }     virtual_ipaddress {        10.0.0.10/24    }       notify_master "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh master"    notify_backup "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh backup"    notify_fault "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh fault"}

在第二台机器上添加notify.sh脚本

分别在两台机器上启动keepalived

service keepalived start

chkconfig keepalived on

Nginx增加插件模块

安装依赖:kafkaC客户端

git clone https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka

cd librdkafka

./configure

make

sudo make install

重新编译nginx把插件编译进去:等于重装

git clone https://github.com/brg-liuwei/ngx_kafka_module

  

#如果没有configure就要重新下载nginx源码包

# cd /path/to/nginx

./configure --add-dynamic-module=/path/to/ngx_kafka_module

sudo make

sudo make install

或者:只make,然后把objs/nginx拷贝到nginx安装目录去.

然后在nginx.conf中第一行增加

load_module /usr/local/nginx/modules/ngx_http_kafka_module.so;

sudo nginx -t 如果报:

nginx: [emerg] dlopen() "/usr/local/nginx/modules/ngx_http_kafka_module.so" failed (librdkafka.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory)

需要做动态链接库的软连:不要做到/bin/下而是/lib/下

sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/librdkafka.so /lib/librdkafka.so.1

重新加载配置:

sudo nginx -s reload

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