Software Engineering Code of Ethics and Professional Practice 翻译：原则1和原则2

以下翻译工作由王子贺（1.01-1.04）、王知睿（1.05-1.08）、张晨（2.01-2.04）、余江伟（2.05-2.09）共同完成。

原则1：公众

软件工程师的行为应与公众利益一致。特别地，软件工程师应恰当地做到：

1.01 对自己分内工作负有全部责任

1.02 综合考虑软件工程师，雇主，客户，用户与公众的利益

1.03 软件是安全的，符合规范的，通过适当的测试，不降低生活的质量，不侵犯隐私，不对环境造成伤害；只有当以上条件都能够有充分确认，才认可这个软件。软件的终极效用应该是公益的。

1.04 把任何对用户、公众及与软件和相关文档有联系的外界人员可能造成的危害，告知相关人员或者专家。

1.05 努力合作来解决由软件及其安装、维护、支持和文档 所带来的公众关注的重要问题。

1.06 在所有关系到软件或者相关文件、方法和工具的的声明，尤其是在那些公开声明中，要做到公正并避免欺诈。

1.07 要考虑到由物理缺陷、资源分配、经济劣势和其他一些会降低软件收益的因素所带来的结果。

1.08 鼓励自愿将专业技能用于公益事业，促进公共学科教育的发展。

原则2：客户与雇主

软件工程师应以他们的客户和雇主最大利益化的方式做事，与公众利益一致。特别地，软件工程师应该视情况而定按如下原则工作：

2.01. 在他们的能力范围之内提供服务，诚实和坦率地对待他们经验和教育上的任何局限。

2.02. 不故意使用那些获得或保留的非法或者不道德的软件。

2.03. 只在正确地授权后使用客户或雇主的资产，并且在客户或雇主的知识和允许中进行。

2.04. 确保每一个文档的建立基础都是经过检验的，如果需要的话，由授权人士认证。

2.05 在工作中，对任何机密信息要注意保密，这种保密要与公众利益和法律一致。

2.06 当员工觉得项目将要失败，要及时识别、记录、收集证据并向他们的客户或雇主报告，以证明项目失败的原因。这些原因可能是成本太高，侵犯知识产权，抑或是其它问题。

2.07 当员工意识到在软件或相关文档中涉及某些重大的社会关注问题时，要及时发现、记录并向雇主或客户汇报。

2.08 对主要的雇主负责，不接受影响本职工作的任务。

2.09 尽可能保护雇主或客户的利益，除非出于更高的道德考虑，在这种情况下，向雇主或合适的权力机构反映道德问题。

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PRINCIPLES

Principle 1: PUBLIC

Software engineers shall act consistently with the public interest. In particular, software engineers shall, as appropriate:

1.01. Accept full responsibility for their own work.

1.02. Moderate the interests of the software engineer, the employer, the client and the users with the public good.

1.03. Approve software only if they have a well-founded belief that it is safe, meets specifications, passes appropriate tests, and does not diminish quality of life, diminish privacy or harm the environment. The ultimate effect of the work should be to the public good.

1.04. Disclose to appropriate persons or authorities any actual or potential danger to the user, the public, or the environment, that they reasonably believe to be associated with software or related documents.

1.05. Cooperate in efforts to address matters of grave public concern caused by software, its installation, maintenance, support or documentation.

1.06. Be fair and avoid deception in all statements, particularly public ones, concerning software or related documents, methods and tools.

1.07. Consider issues of physical disabilities, allocation of resources, economic disadvantage and other factors that can diminish access to the benefits of software.

1.08. Be encouraged to volunteer professional skills to good causes and contribute to public education concerning the discipline.

Principle 2: CLIENT AND EMPLOYER

Software engineers shall act in a manner that is in the best interests of their client and employer, consistent with the public interest. In particular, software engineers shall, as appropriate:

2.01. Provide service in their areas of competence, being honest and forthright about any limitations of their experience and education.

2.02. Not knowingly use software that is obtained or retained either illegally or unethically.

2.03. Use the property of a client or employer only in ways properly authorized, and with the client's or employer's knowledge and consent.

2.04. Ensure that any document upon which they rely has been approved, when required, by someone authorized to approve it.

2.05. Keep private any confidential information gained in their professional work, where such confidentiality is consistent with the public interest and consistent with the law.

2.06. Identify, document, collect evidence and report to the client or the employer promptly if, in their opinion, a project is likely to fail, to prove too expensive, to violate intellectual property law, or otherwise to be problematic.

2.07. Identify, document, and report significant issues of social concern, of which they are aware, in software or related documents, to the employer or the client.

2.08. Accept no outside work detrimental to the work they perform for their primary employer.

2.09. Promote no interest adverse to their employer or client, unless a higher ethical concern is being compromised; in that case, inform the employer or another appropriate authority of the ethical concern.