Django与ORM回顾

Django知识简单回顾

一、数据库配置

import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': '数据库名',
        'USER': '账号',
        'PASSWORD': '密码',
        'HOST': '如果是127.0.0.1，该配置可以省略',
        "PORT": 3306,  # 如果是3306，该配置可以省略
    }

二 、路由分发

主路由：

from django.conf.urls import url, include
urlpatterns = [
    # ...
    url(r'^api/', include('api.urls'))   # /api/test/
]

分路由：

from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^users/$', views.UserAPIview.as_view())
]

ORM配置回顾

models.py

from django.db import models

class User(models.Model):
    SEX_CHOICES = ((0, '男'), (1, '女'))  #元组效率比列表高一些
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='姓名')
    age = models.IntegerField()
    height = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2, default=0) 
    sex = models.IntegerField(choices=SEX_CHOICES, default=0)  
    # sex = models.CharField(choices=[('0', '男'), ('1', '女')])  
    icon = models.ImageField(upload_to='icon', default='icon/default.png')

settings.py

# root 就将文件夹添加到os.path中
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'media')
# url就是配置路由/路由名
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

主路由最下方

from django.views.static import serve
from django.conf import settings

urlpatterns = [

    # icon/default.png => path变量
    # media/(?P<path>.*)  是指media/后面所有东西都能匹配
    # document_root 必须指向 icon/default.png 所在路径 - media文件夹路径
    url(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)', serve,{'document_root':settings.MEDIA_ROOT}),
]