C#中调用C++动态库

　　虽然.net库已经非常强大，但很多时候还是会有这样的需求：c#中解决不了的问题，用C++来实现，并编译成dll库，然后在c#中调用该dll库。如在WINCE的工程中，所有的系统底层的API都被编译到coredll.dll库中。

　　由于C++和C#类型定义的不同，所以，C#中使用C++里的函数要将其类型对应的转换过来。下面列出了常用的转换类型：

　　　//C++中的DLL函数原型为
//extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) bool 方法名一(const char* 变量名1, unsigned char* 变量名2)
//extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) bool 方法名二(const unsigned char* 变量名1, char* 变量名2)

        //C#调用C++的DLL搜集整理的所有数据类型转换方式,可能会有重复或者多种方案,自己多测试
        //c++:HANDLE(void   *)          ----    c#:System.IntPtr
        //c++:Byte(unsigned   char)     ----    c#:System.Byte
        //c++:SHORT(short)              ----    c#:System.Int16
        //c++:WORD(unsigned   short)    ----    c#:System.UInt16
        //c++:INT(int)                  ----    c#:System.Int16
        //c++:INT(int)                  ----    c#:System.Int32
        //c++:UINT(unsigned   int)      ----    c#:System.UInt16
        //c++:UINT(unsigned   int)      ----    c#:System.UInt32
        //c++:LONG(long)                ----    c#:System.Int32
        //c++:ULONG(unsigned   long)    ----    c#:System.UInt32
        //c++:DWORD(unsigned   long)    ----    c#:System.UInt32
        //c++:DECIMAL                   ----    c#:System.Decimal
        //c++:BOOL(long)                ----    c#:System.Boolean
        //c++:CHAR(char)                ----    c#:System.Char
        //c++:LPSTR(char   *)           ----    c#:System.String
        //c++:LPWSTR(wchar_t   *)       ----    c#:System.String
        //c++:LPCSTR(const   char   *) ----    c#:System.String
        //c++:LPCWSTR(const   wchar_t   *)      ----    c#:System.String
        //c++:PCAHR(char   *)   ----    c#:System.String
        //c++:BSTR              ----    c#:System.String
        //c++:FLOAT(float)      ----    c#:System.Single
        //c++:DOUBLE(double)    ----    c#:System.Double
        //c++:VARIANT           ----    c#:System.Object
        //c++:PBYTE(byte   *)   ----    c#:System.Byte[]

        //c++:BSTR      ----    c#:StringBuilder
        //c++:LPCTSTR   ----    c#:StringBuilder
        //c++:LPCTSTR   ----    c#:string
        //c++:LPTSTR    ----    c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string
        //c++:LPTSTR 输出变量名    ----    c#:StringBuilder 输出变量名
        //c++:LPCWSTR   ----    c#:IntPtr
        //c++:BOOL      ----    c#:bool
        //c++:HMODULE   ----    c#:IntPtr
        //c++:HINSTANCE ----    c#:IntPtr
        //c++:结构体    ----    c#:public struct 结构体{};
        //c++:结构体 **变量名   ----    c#:out 变量名   //C#中提前申明一个结构体实例化后的变量名
        //c++:结构体 &变量名    ----    c#:ref 结构体变量名

        //c++:WORD      ----    c#:ushort
        //c++:DWORD     ----    c#:uint
        //c++:DWORD     ----    c#:int

        //c++:UCHAR     ----    c#:int
        //c++:UCHAR     ----    c#:byte
        //c++:UCHAR*    ----    c#:string
        //c++:UCHAR*    ----    c#:IntPtr

        //c++:GUID      ----    c#:Guid
        //c++:Handle    ----    c#:IntPtr
        //c++:HWND      ----    c#:IntPtr
        //c++:DWORD     ----    c#:int
        //c++:COLORREF ----    c#:uint

        //c++:unsigned char     ----    c#:byte
        //c++:unsigned char *   ----    c#:ref byte
        //c++:unsigned char *   ----    c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] byte[]
        //c++:unsigned char *   ----    c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] Intptr

        //c++:unsigned char &   ----    c#:ref byte
        //c++:unsigned char 变量名      ----    c#:byte 变量名
        //c++:unsigned short 变量名     ----    c#:ushort 变量名
        //c++:unsigned int 变量名       ----    c#:uint 变量名
        //c++:unsigned long 变量名      ----    c#:ulong 变量名

//c++:char 变量名 ---- c#:byte 变量名 //C++中一个字符用一个字节表示,C#中一个字符用两个字节表示
//c++:char 数组名[数组大小] ---- c#:MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 数组大小)] public string 数组名; ushort

        //c++:char *            ----    c#:string       //传入参数
        //c++:char *            ----    c#:StringBuilder//传出参数
        //c++:char *变量名      ----    c#:ref string 变量名
        //c++:char *输入变量名 ----    c#:string 输入变量名
        //c++:char *输出变量名 ----    c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] StringBuilder 输出变量名

        //c++:char **           ----    c#:string
        //c++:char **变量名     ----    c#:ref string 变量名
        //c++:const char *      ----    c#:string
        //c++:char[]            ----    c#:string
        //c++:char 变量名[数组大小]     ----    c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr,SizeConst=数组大小)] public string 变量名;

//c++:struct 结构体名 *变量名 ---- c#:ref 结构体名变量名
//c++:委托变量名 ---- c#:委托变量名

        //c++:int       ----    c#:int
        //c++:int       ----    c#:ref int
        //c++:int &     ----    c#:ref int
        //c++:int *     ----    c#:ref int      //C#中调用前需定义int 变量名 = 0;

        //c++:*int      ----    c#:IntPtr
        //c++:int32 PIPTR *     ----    c#:int32[]
        //c++:float PIPTR *     ----    c#:float[]

        //c++:double** 数组名          ----    c#:ref double 数组名
        //c++:double*[] 数组名          ----    c#:ref double 数组名
        //c++:long          ----    c#:int
        //c++:ulong         ----    c#:int

        //c++:UINT8 *       ----    c#:ref byte       //C#中调用前需定义byte 变量名 = new byte();

        //c++:handle    ----    c#:IntPtr
        //c++:hwnd      ----    c#:IntPtr


        //c++:void *    ----    c#:IntPtr
        //c++:void * user_obj_param    ----    c#:IntPtr user_obj_param
        //c++:void * 对象名称    ----    c#:([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.AsAny)]Object 对象名称

        //c++:char, INT8, SBYTE, CHAR                               ----    c#:System.SByte
        //c++:short, short int, INT16, SHORT                        ----    c#:System.Int16
        //c++:int, long, long int, INT32, LONG32, BOOL , INT        ----    c#:System.Int32
        //c++:__int64, INT64, LONGLONG                              ----    c#:System.Int64
        //c++:unsigned char, UINT8, UCHAR , BYTE                    ----    c#:System.Byte
        //c++:unsigned short, UINT16, USHORT, WORD, ATOM, WCHAR , __wchar_t             ----    c#:System.UInt16
        //c++:unsigned, unsigned int, UINT32, ULONG32, DWORD32, ULONG, DWORD, UINT      ----    c#:System.UInt32
        //c++:unsigned __int64, UINT64, DWORDLONG, ULONGLONG                            ----    c#:System.UInt64
        //c++:float, FLOAT                                                              ----    c#:System.Single
        //c++:double, long double, DOUBLE                                               ----    c#:System.Double

//Win32 Types ---- CLR Type

//Struct需要在C#里重新定义一个Struct
//CallBack回调函数需要封装在一个委托里，delegate static extern int FunCallBack(string str);

        //unsigned char** ppImage替换成IntPtr ppImage
        //int& nWidth替换成ref int nWidth
        //int*, int&, 则都可用 ref int 对应
        //双针指类型参数，可以用 ref IntPtr
        //函数指针使用c++: typedef double (*fun_type1)(double); 对应 c#:public delegate double fun_type1(double);
        //char* 的操作c++: char*; 对应 c#:StringBuilder;
        //c#中使用指针:在需要使用指针的地方加 unsafe

        //unsigned   char对应public   byte
        /*
         * typedef void (*CALLBACKFUN1W)(wchar_t*, void* pArg);
         * typedef void (*CALLBACKFUN1A)(char*, void* pArg);
         * bool BIOPRINT_SENSOR_API dllFun1(CALLBACKFUN1 pCallbackFun1, void* pArg);
         * 调用方式为
         * [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
         * public delegate void CallbackFunc1([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder strName, IntPtr pArg);
         *
         *
         */

　　有了对应的转换类型，下面列举最近项目中用到的一个实例。

　　1、关闭其他进程

View Code

  1 　　class SystemUtil
  2     {
  3         /// <summary>
  4         /// 以下用来关闭守护进程
  5         /// </summary>
  6         [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
  7         internal struct PROCESSENTRY32
  8         {
  9             public uint dwSize;
 10             public uint cntUsage;
 11             public uint th32ProcessID;
 12             public IntPtr th32DefaultHeapID;
 13             public uint th32ModuleID;
 14             public uint cntThreads;
 15             public uint th32ParentProcessID;
 16             public int pcPriClassBase;
 17             public uint dwFlags;
 18             [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 260)]
 19             public string szExeFile;
 20         }
 21         internal const int TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS = 0x00000002;
 22         internal const int PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS = 0x000F0000 | 0x00100000 | 0xFFF;
 23 
 24         [DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]
 25         internal static extern IntPtr CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(uint dwFlags, uint th32ProcessId);
 26 
 27         [DllImport("Kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
 28         internal static extern bool Process32First(IntPtr hSnapshot, ref PROCESSENTRY32 lppe);
 29 
 30         [DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]
 31         internal static extern bool Process32Next(IntPtr hSnapshot, ref PROCESSENTRY32 lppe);
 32 
 33         [DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]
 34         internal static extern bool CloseHandle(IntPtr hObject);
 35 
 36         [DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]
 37         internal static extern int OpenProcess(int fdwAccess, bool fInherit, uint IDProcess);
 38 
 39         [DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]
 40         internal static extern bool TerminateProcess(int hProcess, ref int dwExitCode);
 41 
 42         /// <summary>
 43         /// 关闭指定的进程
 44         /// </summary>
 45         /// <param name="ProcessName">进程的名称</param>
 46         /// <returns type="bool">true:为成功；
 47         ///                      false为失败；
 48         /// </returns>
 49         private bool TerminateProcess(string ProcessName)
 50         {
 51             //获得当前进程的快照
 52             IntPtr hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);
 53             
 54             if ((int)hSnapshot < 0)
 55             {
 56                 Console.WriteLine("CreateToolhelp32Snapshot error!");
 57                 return false;
 58             }
 59 
 60             //进程信息
 61             PROCESSENTRY32 ProcessInfo = new PROCESSENTRY32();
 62             ProcessInfo.dwSize = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(ProcessInfo);
 63 
 64             //获得快照中第一个进程
 65             bool bResult = Process32First(hSnapshot, ref ProcessInfo);
 66             if (!bResult)
 67             {
 68                 return false;
 69             }
 70 
 71             while (bResult)
 72             {
 73                 string AppName = ProcessInfo.szExeFile;      //进程的可执行文件名
 74                 uint AppID = ProcessInfo.th32ProcessID;       //进程的ID
 75                 if (AppName == ProcessName)                  //找到要关闭的进程
 76                 {
 77                     int hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, false, AppID);
 78 
 79                     int ExitCode = -1;
 80                     if (hProcess != 0)
 81                     {
 82                         if (TerminateProcess(hProcess, ref ExitCode) == false)
 83                         {
 84                             Console.WriteLine("TerminateProcess 出错");
 85                             return false;
 86                         }
 87                     }
 88 
 89                     return true;
 90                 }
 91 
 92                 //获得快照中下一个进程
 93                 bResult = Process32Next(hSnapshot, ref ProcessInfo);
 94             }
 95 
 96             return false;
 97         }
 98 
 99 
100         static void Main(string[] args)
101         {
102             SystemUtil su = new SystemUtil();
103             su.TerminateProcess("Lingoes.exe");
104         }
105     }

posted @ 2012-07-13 22:17 我爱班花阅读(464) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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C#中调用C++动态库

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