event

http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/w369ty8x(v=vs.90).aspx 

如果没有自定义 EventArgs 类,事件类型就是非泛型 EventHandler 委托。它无需声明,因为它已在创建 C# 项目时包含的 System 命名空间中进行了声明:

例如public event EventHandler RaiseCustomEvent;

 

namespace DotNetEvents

{

    using System;

    using System.Collections.Generic;

 

    // Define a class to hold custom event info

    public class CustomEventArgs : EventArgs

    {

        public CustomEventArgs(string s)

        {

            message = s;

        }

        private string message;

 

        public string Message

        {

            get { return message; }

            set { message = value; }

        }

    }

 

    // Class that publishes an event

    class Publisher

    {

 

        // Declare the event using EventHandler<T>

        public event EventHandler<CustomEventArgs> RaiseCustomEvent;

 

        public void DoSomething()

        {

            // Write some code that does something useful here

            // then raise the event. You can also raise an event

            // before you execute a block of code.

            OnRaiseCustomEvent(new CustomEventArgs("Did something"));

 

        }

 

        // Wrap event invocations inside a protected virtual method

        // to allow derived classes to override the event invocation behavior

        protected virtual void OnRaiseCustomEvent(CustomEventArgs e)

        {

            // Make a temporary copy of the event to avoid possibility of

            // a race condition if the last subscriber unsubscribes

            // immediately after the null check and before the event is raised.

            EventHandler<CustomEventArgs> handler = RaiseCustomEvent;

 

            // Event will be null if there are no subscribers

            if (handler != null)

            {

                // Format the string to send inside the CustomEventArgs parameter

                e.Message += String.Format(" at {0}", DateTime.Now.ToString());

 

                // Use the () operator to raise the event.

                handler(this, e);

            }

        }

    }

 

    //Class that subscribes to an event

    class Subscriber

    {

        private string id;

        public Subscriber(string ID, Publisher pub)

        {

            id = ID;

            // Subscribe to the event using C# 2.0 syntax

            pub.RaiseCustomEvent += HandleCustomEvent;

        }

 

        // Define what actions to take when the event is raised.

        void HandleCustomEvent(object sender, CustomEventArgs e)

        {

            Console.WriteLine(id + " received this message: {0}", e.Message);

        }

    }

 

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            Publisher pub = new Publisher();

            Subscriber sub1 = new Subscriber("sub1", pub);

            Subscriber sub2 = new Subscriber("sub2", pub);

 

            // Call the method that raises the event.

            pub.DoSomething();

 

            // Keep the console window open

            Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to close this window.");

            Console.ReadLine();

 

        }

    }

}

 

 

下面的过程演示了如何将符合标准 .NET Framework 模式的事件添加到您自己的类和结构中。.NET Framework 类库中的所有事件均基于 EventHandler 委托,定义如下:

 public delegate void EventHandler(object sender, EventArgs e);

 说明:

.NET Framework 2.0 引入了此委托的一个泛型版本,即 EventHandler<TEventArgs>。下面的示例显示如何使用这两种版本。  

虽然您定义的类中的事件可基于任何有效委托类型(甚至是可返回值的委托),但是,通常建议您使用 EventHandler 让事件基于 .NET Framework 模式,如下面的示例所示。

采用 EventHandler 模式发布事件

1. (如果不需要与事件一起发送自定义数据,请跳过此步骤,进入步骤 3a。)在发行者类和订户类均可看见的范围中声明类,并添加保存自定义事件数据所需的成员。在此示例中,会返回一个简单字符串。

public class CustomEventArgs : EventArgs {     public CustomEventArgs(string s)     {         msg = s;     }     private string msg;     public string Message     {         get { return msg; }     } }

2. (如果您使用的是 EventHandler<TEventArgs> 的泛型版本,请跳过此步骤。)在发布类中声明一个委托。为它指定以 EventHandler 结尾的名称。第二个参数指定自定义 EventArgs 类型。

public delegate void CustomEventHandler(object sender, CustomEventArgs a);

3. 使用以下任一步骤,在发布类中声明事件。 a. 如果没有自定义 EventArgs 类,事件类型就是非泛型 EventHandler 委托。它无需声明,因为它已在创建 C# 项目时包含的 System 命名空间中进行了声明:

public event EventHandler RaiseCustomEvent;

b. 如果使用的是 EventHandler 的非泛型版本,并且您有一个由 EventArgs 派生的自定义类,请在发布类中声明您的事件,并且将您的委托用作类型:

 class Publisher {     public event CustomEventHandler RaiseCustomEvent; }

c. 如果使用的是泛型版本,则不需要自定义委托。相反,应将事件类型指定为 EventHandler<CustomEventArgs>,在尖括号内放置您自己的类的名称。

 public event EventHandler<CustomEventArgs> RaiseCustomEvent;

 

 

posted on 2013-10-12 14:50  荣京  阅读(316)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报