场景

SpringCloud-服务注册与实现-Eureka创建服务注册中心(附源码下载):

https://blog.csdn.net/BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI/article/details/102535957

SpringCloud-服务注册与实现-Eureka创建服务提供者(附源码下载):

https://blog.csdn.net/BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI/article/details/102558004

SpringCloud-创建服务消费者-Ribbon方式(附代码下载):

https://blog.csdn.net/BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI/article/details/102558080

SpringCloud-创建服务消费者-Feign方式(附代码下载)::

https://blog.csdn.net/BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI/article/details/102595895

在上面已经实现服务注册中心、服务提供者和以Ribbon方式和Fign方式实现服务消费者的前提下,使用熔断器防止服务雪崩。

在微服务架构中,根据业务来拆分成一个个的服务,服务与服务之间可以通过 RPC 相互调用,在 Spring Cloud 中可以用 RestTemplate + Ribbon 和 Feign 来调用。为了保证其高可用,单个服务通常会集群部署。由于网络原因或者自身的原因,服务并不能保证 100% 可用,如果单个服务出现问题,调用这个服务就会出现线程阻塞,此时若有大量的请求涌入,Servlet 容器的线程资源会被消耗完毕,导致服务瘫痪。服务与服务之间的依赖性,故障会传播,会对整个微服务系统造成灾难性的严重后果,这就是服务故障的 “雪崩” 效应。

熔断器打开后,为了避免连锁故障,通过 fallback 方法可以直接返回一个固定值。

注:

博客:
https://blog.csdn.net/badao_liumang_qizhi
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实现

Ribbon中使用熔断器

SpringCloud-创建服务消费者-Ribbon方式(附代码下载):

https://blog.csdn.net/BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI/article/details/102558080

在上面使用Ribbon实现创建服务消费者。

我们在pom.xml中加入hystrix的依赖:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>

 

完整pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.badao</groupId>
        <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../hello-spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-ribbon</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-ribbon</name>
    <url>https://blog.csdn.net/badao_liumang_qizhi</url>
    <inceptionYear>2019-Now</inceptionYear>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->

        <!-- 解决 thymeleaf 模板引擎一定要执行严格的 html5 格式校验问题 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId>
            <artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.funtl.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.ribbon.WebAdminRibbonApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

 

 

然后在应用启动类Application中增加@EnableHystrix注解

package com.badao.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.ribbon;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableHystrix
public class WebAdminRibbonApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(WebAdminRibbonApplication.class, args);
    }
}

 

然后在Service中添加@HystrixCommand注解

在 Ribbon 调用方法上增加 @HystrixCommand 注解并指定 fallbackMethod 熔断方法。

package com.badao.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.ribbon.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Service
public class AdminService {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "hiError")
    public String sayHi(String message) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://hello-spring-cloud-service-admin/hi?message=" + message, String.class);
    }

    public String hiError(String message) {
        return "Hi,your message is :\"" + message + "\" but request error.";
    }
}

 

 

测试熔断器

为了测试熔断器效果,我们将服务提供者关闭,此时再次请求:

 

 http://localhost:8764/hi?message=HelloRibbon

Feign中使用熔断器

Feign自带熔断器,所以不用添加依赖,只需要在配置文件中配置打开。

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

完整配置文件:

spring:
  application:
    name: hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-feign
  thymeleaf:
    cache: false
    mode: LEGACYHTML5
    encoding: UTF-8
    servlet:
      content-type: text/html

server:
  port: 8765

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

 

然后再Service中增加fallback指定类

package com.badao.hello.spring.cloud.web.feign.service;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

@FeignClient(value = "hello-spring-cloud-service-admin", fallback = AdminServiceHystrix.class)
public interface AdminService {

    @RequestMapping(value = "hi", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String sayHi(@RequestParam(value = "message") String message);
}

 

此时再service包下创建熔断器并实现对应的Feign接口

package com.badao.hello.spring.cloud.web.feign.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class AdminServiceHystrix implements AdminService {

    @Override
    public String sayHi(String message) {
        return "Hi,your message is :\"" + message + "\" but request error.";
    }
}

 

然后将服务提供者关闭,再次请求:

http://localhost:8765/hi?message=HelloFeign

代码下载

https://download.csdn.net/download/badao_liumang_qizhi/11871136


 


  

posted on 2019-10-17 23:25  霸道流氓  阅读(633)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报