elasticsearch分片机架感知（Shard allocation awareness）

介绍

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You can use custom node attributes as awareness attributes to enable Elasticsearch to take your physical hardware configuration into account when allocating shards. <br>If Elasticsearch knows which nodes are on the same physical server, in the same rack, or in the same zone, <br>it can distribute the primary shard and its replica shards to minimise the risk of losing all shard copies in the event of a failure.

按官网介绍，Shard allocation awareness是es提高高可用的技术，通过配置节点的属性，让分片的分配把硬件也考虑进来。你可以配置节点所处的服务器、机架和地区，分布主备分片在不同区域，令分片不可用的风险降至最低。

启用配置

启动的时候给节点配置节点自定义属性loc

bin/elasticsearch -E node.name=node0 -E cluster.name=joker -E node.attr.loc=china
bin/elasticsearch -E node.name=node1 -E cluster.name=joker -E node.attr.loc=china
bin/elasticsearch -E node.name=node2 -E cluster.name=joker -E node.attr.loc=USA

发起集群强制分片感知

PUT _cluster/settings
{
  "persistent": {
    "cluster.routing.allocation.awareness.attributes": "loc",
    "cluster.routing.allocation.awareness.force.zone.values": [
      "china",
      "USA"
    ]
  }
}

发起索引分片分配

PUT test/_settings
{
  "index.routing.allocation.include.loc": "china" }

 

 

查看节点分片数据，可以看到主副分片都不会同时分布在同一个区域的节点

GET /_cat/shards