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| #1.命令行临时修改 : |
| LANG=us_EN.UTF-8 |
| LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 |
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| 临时修改报错命令为应文 : LANG=us_EN.UTF-8 |
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| #2.修改系统字符集 |
| Centos6 永久修改:[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/i18n |
| Centos7 永久修改:[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/locale.conf |
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| #编译之前指定 |
| cmake . |
| -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=UTF8 \ |
| -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=UTF8_GENERAL_CI |
| |
| |
| #配置文件指定 |
| #1.修改配置文件 |
| [mysqld] |
| character-set-server=utf8 |
| collation-server=utf8_general_ci |
| |
| [client] |
| default-character-set=utf8 |
| [mysql] |
| default-character-set=utf8 |
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| #2. 重启服务 |
| [root@db01 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld |
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| #3. 查看修改结果: |
| mysql> show variables like '%char%'; |
| + |
| | Variable_name | Value | |
| + |
| | character_set_client | utf8 | |
| | character_set_connection | utf8 | |
| | character_set_database | latin1 | |
| | character_set_filesystem | binary | |
| | character_set_results | utf8 | |
| | character_set_server | latin1 | |
| | character_set_system | utf8 | |
| | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | |
| + |
| 8 rows in set (0.07 sec) |
| |
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| #创建数据库指定字符集和校验规则 |
| mysql> CREATE DATABASE test01 CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; |
| Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) |
| mysql> |
| mysql> ALTER DATABASE test01 CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci; |
| Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) |
| mysql> |
| mysql> SHOW CREATE DATABASE test01; |
| + |
| | Database | Create Database | |
| + |
| | test01 | CREATE DATABASE `test01` | |
| + |
| 1 row in set (0.00 sec) |
| |
| #创建数据表指定字符集及校验规则 |
| mysql> CREATE TABLE p1( |
| id int, |
| name varchar(20) |
| ) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; |
| Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) |
| |
| mysql> |
| mysql> ALTER TABLE p1 CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci; |
| Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) |
| Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 |
| |
| mysql> |
| mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE p1\G |
| *************************** 1. row *************************** |
| Table: p1 |
| Create Table: CREATE TABLE `p1` ( |
| `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, |
| `name` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL |
| ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 |
| 1 row in set (0.00 sec) |
| |
| #一个表里面不可能出现同名不同大小写的字段 |
| |
| |
| #查看校验规则 |
| mysql> show collation; |
| + |
| | Collation | Charset | Id | Default | Compiled | Sortlen | |
| + |
| | big5_chinese_ci | big5 | 1 | Yes | Yes | 1 | |
| | big5_bin | big5 | 84 | | Yes | 1 | |
| | dec8_swedish_ci | dec8 | 3 | Yes | Yes | 1 | |
| | dec8_bin | dec8 | 69 | | Yes | 1 | |
| ......... |
| #校验规则区别 |
| 1.ci结尾的校验规则不区分大小写 |
| 2.bin和cs结尾的校验规则区分大小写 |
| |
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| #数据库查看字符集 |
| mysql> show charset; |
| + |
| | Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen | |
| + |
| | big5 | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 | |
| | dec8 | DEC West European | dec8_swedish_ci | 1 | |
| | cp850 | DOS West European | cp850_general_ci | 1 | |
| | hp8 | HP West European | hp8_english_ci | 1 | |
| | koi8r | KOI8-R Relcom Russian | koi8r_general_ci | 1 | |
| | latin1 | cp1252 West European | latin1_swedish_ci | 1 | |
| | latin2 | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci | 1 | |
| | swe7 | 7bit Swedish | swe7_swedish_ci | 1 | |
| | ascii | US ASCII | ascii_general_ci | 1 | |
| | ujis | EUC-JP Japanese | ujis_japanese_ci | 3 | |
| | sjis | Shift-JIS Japanese | sjis_japanese_ci | 2 | |
| | hebrew | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew | hebrew_general_ci | 1 | |
| | tis620 | TIS620 Thai | tis620_thai_ci | 1 | |
| | euckr | EUC-KR Korean | euckr_korean_ci | 2 | |
| | koi8u | KOI8-U Ukrainian | koi8u_general_ci | 1 | |
| | gb2312 | GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2 | |
| | greek | ISO 8859-7 Greek | greek_general_ci | 1 | |
| | cp1250 | Windows Central European | cp1250_general_ci | 1 | |
| | gbk | GBK Simplified Chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 | |
| | latin5 | ISO 8859-9 Turkish | latin5_turkish_ci | 1 | |
| | armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian | armscii8_general_ci | 1 | |
| | utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 | |
| | ucs2 | UCS-2 Unicode | ucs2_general_ci | 2 | |
| | cp866 | DOS Russian | cp866_general_ci | 1 | |
| | keybcs2 | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak | keybcs2_general_ci | 1 | |
| | macce | Mac Central European | macce_general_ci | 1 | |
| | macroman | Mac West European | macroman_general_ci | 1 | |
| | cp852 | DOS Central European | cp852_general_ci | 1 | |
| | latin7 | ISO 8859-13 Baltic | latin7_general_ci | 1 | |
| | utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_general_ci | 4 | |
| | cp1251 | Windows Cyrillic | cp1251_general_ci | 1 | |
| | utf16 | UTF-16 Unicode | utf16_general_ci | 4 | |
| | utf16le | UTF-16LE Unicode | utf16le_general_ci | 4 | |
| | cp1256 | Windows Arabic | cp1256_general_ci | 1 | |
| | cp1257 | Windows Baltic | cp1257_general_ci | 1 | |
| | utf32 | UTF-32 Unicode | utf32_general_ci | 4 | |
| | binary | Binary pseudo charset | binary | 1 | |
| | geostd8 | GEOSTD8 Georgian | geostd8_general_ci | 1 | |
| | cp932 | SJIS for Windows Japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2 | |
| | eucjpms | UJIS for Windows Japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3 | |
| | gb18030 | China National Standard GB18030 | gb18030_chinese_ci | 4 | |
| + |
| 41 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
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| #字符集utf8和utf8mb4之间的区别? |
| utf8不支持emoji表情而utf8mb4支持。 |
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