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懒人记录 Hadoop2.7.1 集群搭建过程

 

懒人记录 Hadoop2.7.1 集群搭建过程

2016-07-02 13:15:45

 

 

  • 总结
    • 除了配置hosts ，和免密码互连之外，先在一台机器上装好所有东西
    • 配置好之后，拷贝虚拟机，配置hosts和免密码互连
    • 之前在公司装的时候jdk用的32位，hadoop的native包不能正常加载，浪费好多时间自己编译，所以jdk务必64位
    • 配置免密码互连
      • 其它也没什么了,注意下文件的用户组，不一定是"hadoop"，根据自己的情况设置
      • sudo chown -R hadoop /opt
      • sudo chgrp -R hadoop /opt

　　　　　　我们需要三台虚拟机，可以先装一台虚拟机，下载好hadoop，配置好JDK，设置好环境变量后拷贝虚拟机

    1. 安装第一台虚拟机
      1. 安装的步骤不说了，说一下注意点
        • 注意共享粘贴板
        • 多添加一块网卡，选择"HostOnly",这样我们应该就有两个网卡一个NAT，一个HostOnly.
        • 安装的时候会有一步下载语言包，这步直接Skip.
      2. 　安装需要用到的软件和一些设置，其实这块才是最麻烦的
        • 查看一下你当前的组groups
          • 　　sudo chown -R hadoop /opt
          • 　　sudo chgrp -R hadoop /opt　　
        • 安装openssh-server，linuxmint默认应该是没有装过的.  sudo apt-get install openssh-server
        • 关闭防火墙   sudo ufw disable
        • 查看防火墙状态 sudo ufw status inactive
        • 安装vim，sudo apt-get install vim
        • 修改hostname(三台机器的hostname最好不一样，比如我是master-hadoop,slave1-hadoop,slave2-hadoop,为了好区分)
          • Debian系: vi /etc/hostname 
          • Redhat系: vi /etc/sysconfig/network
          • 重启
        • 安装JDK
          • 用MobaXterm连接到虚拟机(自己查看一下IP，第一台应该是192.168.56.101)
          • 创建lib目录用来存放一些会用到的组建，比如jdk
            • mkdir /opt/lib
          • 把下载的jdk上传到/opt/lib中(用MX直接可以拖放进去)
          • 解压jdk tar -zxvf jdk-8u92-linux-x64.tar.gz
          • mv jdk1.8.0_92 jdk8  重命名一下文件夹名称
          • 看一下现在的目录结构，注意下own和grp 都是hadoop(也可以不是hadoop,但是最好和hadoop相关的文件目录都属于一个组，防止权限不足等情况)
          • hadoop@hadoop-pc / $ cd /opt/
hadoop@hadoop-pc /opt $ ll
total 16
drwxr-xr-x  4 hadoop hadoop 4096 Jul  2 00:33 ./
drwxr-xr-x 23 root   root   4096 Jul  1 23:23 ../
drwxr-xr-x  3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Nov 29  2015 firefox/
drwxr-xr-x  3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Jul  2 01:04 lib/
hadoop@hadoop-pc /opt $ cd lib/
hadoop@hadoop-pc /opt/lib $ ll
total 177156
drwxr-xr-x 3 hadoop hadoop      4096 Jul  2 01:04 ./
drwxr-xr-x 4 hadoop hadoop      4096 Jul  2 00:33 ../
drwxr-xr-x 8 hadoop hadoop      4096 Apr  1 12:20 jdk8/
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 181389058 Jul  2 01:00 jdk-8u92-linux-x64.tar.gz
hadoop@hadoop-pc /opt/lib $ mkdir package
hadoop@hadoop-pc /opt/lib $ mv jdk-8u92-linux-x64.tar.gz package/
hadoop@hadoop-pc /opt/lib $ ll
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 4 hadoop hadoop 4096 Jul  2 01:08 ./
drwxr-xr-x 4 hadoop hadoop 4096 Jul  2 00:33 ../
drwxr-xr-x 8 hadoop hadoop 4096 Apr  1 12:20 jdk8/
drwxrwxr-x 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Jul  2 01:08 package/
hadoop@hadoop-pc /opt/lib $ cd jdk8/
hadoop@hadoop-pc /opt/lib/jdk8 $ ll
total 25916
drwxr-xr-x 8 hadoop hadoop     4096 Apr  1 12:20 ./
drwxr-xr-x 4 hadoop hadoop     4096 Jul  2 01:08 ../
drwxr-xr-x 2 hadoop hadoop     4096 Apr  1 12:17 bin/
-r--r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop     3244 Apr  1 12:17 COPYRIGHT
drwxr-xr-x 4 hadoop hadoop     4096 Apr  1 12:17 db/
drwxr-xr-x 3 hadoop hadoop     4096 Apr  1 12:17 include/
-rwxr-xr-x 1 hadoop hadoop  5090294 Apr  1 11:33 javafx-src.zip*
drwxr-xr-x 5 hadoop hadoop     4096 Apr  1 12:17 jre/
drwxr-xr-x 5 hadoop hadoop     4096 Apr  1 12:17 lib/
-r--r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop       40 Apr  1 12:17 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x 4 hadoop hadoop     4096 Apr  1 12:17 man/
-r--r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop      159 Apr  1 12:17 README.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop      525 Apr  1 12:17 release
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 21104834 Apr  1 12:17 src.zip
-rwxr-xr-x 1 hadoop hadoop   110114 Apr  1 11:33 THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME-JAVAFX.txt*
-r--r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop   177094 Apr  1 12:17 THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME.txt
hadoop@hadoop-pc /opt/lib/jdk8 $

             

          • 设置JAVA_HOME和环境变量 
            # /etc/profile: system-wide .profile file for the Bourne shell (sh(1))
# and Bourne compatible shells (bash(1), ksh(1), ash(1), ...).

if [ "$PS1" ]; then
  if [ "$BASH" ] && [ "$BASH" != "/bin/sh" ]; then
    # The file bash.bashrc already sets the default PS1.
    # PS1='\h:\w\$ '
    if [ -f /etc/bash.bashrc ]; then
      . /etc/bash.bashrc
    fi
  else
    if [ "`id -u`" -eq 0 ]; then
      PS1='# '
    else
      PS1='$ '
    fi
  fi
fi

# The default umask is now handled by pam_umask.
# See pam_umask(8) and /etc/login.defs.

if [ -d /etc/profile.d ]; then
  for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do
    if [ -r $i ]; then
      . $i
    fi
  done
  unset i
fi
#ADD HERE
JAVA_HOME=/opt/lib/jdk8
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export JAVA_HOME
export CLASSPATH
export PATH

             

          • 检查JAVA版本和环境变量 
            hadoop@hadoop-pc / $ java -version
java version "1.8.0_92"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_92-b14)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.92-b14, mixed mode)
hadoop@hadoop-pc / $ echo $JAVA_HOME
/opt/lib/jdk8
hadoop@hadoop-pc / $ echo $CLASSPATH
.:/opt/lib/jdk8/lib/dt.jar:/opt/lib/jdk8/lib/tools.jar
hadoop@hadoop-pc / $ echo $PATH
/opt/lib/jdk8/bin:/opt/lib/jdk8/bin:/opt/lib/jdk8/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games
hadoop@hadoop-pc / $

             

        • 建立几个hadoop需要用的文件夹
          • tmp目录
            • 　　mkdir /opt/hadoop-tmp
          • hdfs目录
            • mkdir /opt/hadoop-dfs
            • name 目录
              • mkdir /opt/hadoop-dfs/name
            • data目录
              • mkdir /opt/hadoop-dfs/data
        • 上传hadoop
          • 用MX把hadoop的压缩包上传到/opt,或者在/opt下 wget  http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.7.1/hadoop-2.7.1.tar.gz
          • tar -zxvf hadoop-2.7.1.tar.gz
          • mv hadoop-2.7.1.tar.gz lib/package/ 把压缩包备份到package
          • mv hadoop-2.7.1 hadoop 重命名一下文件夹
        • 修改一下hadoop的配置文件
        • hadoop 的配置文件在/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop下面
          1. core-site.xml 
            • <configuration>
        <property>
                <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
                <value>hdfs://master:9000</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
                <value>file:/opt/hadoop-tmp</value>
                <description>Abasefor other temporary directories.</description>
        </property>
</configuration>

               

              　　
          2. hdfs-site.xml 
            • <configuration>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
                <value>master:9001</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
                <value>file:/opt/hadoop-dfs/name</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
                <value>file:/opt/hadoop-dfs/data</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.replication</name>
                <value>3</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
                <value>true</value>
        </property>
</configuration>

               


          3. mapred-site.xml
            • cp mapred-site.xml.template  mapred-site.xml
            • <configuration>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
        <value>master:10020</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
        <value>master:19888</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

               


          4. yarn-site.xml　　 
            • <configuration>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
        <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
        <value>master:8032</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
        <value>master:8030</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
        <value>master:8035</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
        <value>master:8033</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
        <value>master:8088</value>
    </property>
</configuration>
          5. slaves　 
            • slave1
slave2
          6. hadoop-env.sh
            • 修改JAVA_HOME 
              export JAVA_HOME=/opt/lib/jdk8

               

          7. yarn-env.sh
            • 添加JAVA_HOME环境变量 
              export JAVA_HOME=/opt/lib/jdk

               

 

  • 到此第一个虚拟机配置的差不多了，把这个虚拟机拷贝两份(注意是完全复制，并且需要重置mac地址)，就有了三台虚拟机，分别为 master,slave1,slave2
    • 　　
    • 修改slave1和slave2的hostname为slave1-hadoop,slave2-hadoop
    • 修改三台机器的hosts
      • 192.168.56.101 master
        192.168.56.102 slave1
        192.168.56.103 slave2
    • ip不一定，需要自己看下虚机的ip
  • 配置master可以免密码登录其它两台机器和自己
    • 在master上操作
    • ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ''，一切都选择默认操作，该输密码输密码
    • ssh-copy-id hadoop@master
    • ssh-copy-id hadoop@slave1
    • ssh-copy-id hadoop@slave2
    • 完成之后测试一下ssh slave1 正常情况下应该不用密码就直接连接到slave1上 
      hadoop@master-hadoop ~ $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ''
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/home/hadoop/.ssh'.
Your identification has been saved in /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
5c:c9:4c:0c:b6:28:eb:21:b9:6f:db:6e:3f:ee:0d:9a hadoop@master-hadoop
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|        oo.      |
|       o =..     |
|    . . . =      |
|   . o . .       |
|  o o   S        |
|   + .           |
|  . .   .        |
|   ....o.o       |
|   .o+E++..      |
+-----------------+
hadoop@master-hadoop ~ $ ssh-copy-id hadoop@slave1
The authenticity of host 'slave1 (192.168.56.102)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is d8:fc:32:ed:a7:2c:e1:c7:d7:15:89:b9:f6:97:fb:c3.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
hadoop@slave1's password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'hadoop@slave1'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

       

       

  • 　格式化namenode
    • 　　./bin/hdfs namenode –format 
  • 　　启动hadoop验证一下
    • ./sbin/start-all.sh
    • 正常的日志应该是这样: 
      hadoop@master-hadoop /opt/hadoop/sbin $ ./start-all.sh
This script is Deprecated. Instead use start-dfs.sh and start-yarn.sh
Starting namenodes on [master]
master: starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-master-hadoop.out
slave1: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-slave1-hadoop.out
slave2: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-slave2-hadoop.out
Starting secondary namenodes [master]
master: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/hadoop/logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-master-hadoop.out
starting yarn daemons
starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop/logs/yarn-hadoop-resourcemanager-master-hadoop.out
slave1: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-slave1-hadoop.out
slave2: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-slave2-hadoop.out

       

    • 　　看下三个节点的jps 
      hadoop@master-hadoop /opt/hadoop/sbin $ jps
5858 ResourceManager
5706 SecondaryNameNode
5514 NameNode
6108 Jps


hadoop@slave2-hadoop ~ $ jps
3796 Jps
3621 NodeManager
3510 DataNode


hadoop@slave1-hadoop ~ $ jps
3786 Jps
3646 NodeManager
3535 DataNode
  • 　　一切正常，安装完毕

 　　

　　

　　　　　　　

posted on 2016-07-02 13:26  包子先森  阅读(1937)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报