前端学习-JavaScript学习-js基础01

学习教程:黑马程序员视频链接

JS简介

JS组成

JavaScrip = ECMAscript(语言基础)+web API
web API=BOM+DOM

资料查询网站:MDN

 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html lang="en">
 <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>

    <style>
        .ayu {
            background-color: purple;
        }
    </style>
 </head>
 <body>
    <button class="ayu">button1</button>
    <button>button2</button>
    <button>button3</button>
    <button>button4</button>

    <script>
        let bts = document.querySelectorAll('button');
        for(let i = 0;i < bts.length;i++) {
            bts[i].addEventListener('click',function () {
                document.querySelector('.ayu').className = '';
                this.className = 'ayu';
            })
        }
    </script>
 </body>
 </html>

JS书写位置

1、内部JS
书写位置:页面底部,前(因为浏览器按顺序加载HTML元素,不写在最后可能因为元素还没加载而没有实现对应效果
2、外部JS
通过.js文件以及以下语句实现

<script src="./js/01-js.js"></script>

3、内联JS

<button onclick="alert('this is js')"></button>

数据类型

基本数据类型

number,string,boolean,null,undefined

number

数据类型练习01

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
    <script>
        const PI = 3.14;
        let radius = prompt('please input a number');
        document.write(PI*radius*radius);
    </script>
</body>
</html>
string

字符串类型需要用引号包裹

''  --单引号
""  --双引号
``  --反引号

模板字符串-使用反引号+${}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
    <script>
        let age = prompt('your age:');
        let uname = prompt('your name:');
        document.write(`your name is ${uname},and your age is ${age} `);
    </script>
</body>
</html>

字面量

true,false 是常量,非字面量
快速理解JavaScript中字面量、变量与常量

引用数据类型

object

检测数据类型

typeof x  //建议用这种
typeof(x)

类型转换

隐式转换
console.log(1 + '1'); \\输出11
console.log(+'123'); \\可将字符串转为数字型
显示转换
Number('123')
parseFloat('12.34ppp')
parseInt('12.34ppp')

类型转换练习01

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
    <script>
        console.log(parseFloat('12.34ppp'));
        console.log(parseFloat('12ppp'));
        console.log(parseFloat('aaa12.34ppp'));
        
        console.log(parseInt('12.34ppp'));
        console.log(parseInt('12ppp'));
        console.log(parseInt('aaa12.34ppp'));

        let num1 = prompt('please input num1:');
        let num2 = +prompt('please input num2:');
        document.write(`the sum of two nums is ${Number(num1) + num2}`);
    </script>
</body>
</html>

案例练习

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    
    <style>
        h2 {
            text-align: center;
        }

        /* 合并边框 */
        table {
            border-collapse: collapse;
            height: 80px;
            text-align: center;
        }

        th {
            padding: 6px 30px;
        }

        table,
        th,
        td {
            border: 1px solid #000;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>订单确认</h2>


    <script>
        let price = +prompt("please input the price:");
        let num = +prompt("please input the num:");
        let totalPrice = price*num;
        let addr = prompt("please input the address:"); 

        document.write(`
            <table>
                <tr>
                    <th>商品名称</th>
                    <th>商品价格</th>
                    <th>商品数量</th>
                    <th>总价</th>
                    <th>地址</th>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>小米手机</td>
                    <td>${price}</td>
                    <td>${num}</td>
                    <td>${totalPrice}</td>
                    <td>${addr}</td>
                </tr>
            </table>
        `);
    </script>
</body>
</html>
posted @   ayubene  阅读(6)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
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