Day07.结构体

结构体

用户自定义的数据类型，类似于class

创建学生类，先打开vi搜死丢丢

创建结构体和创建对象

struct Student
 {//自定义的数据类型：数据类型的集合
     string name;
     int age;
     int score;
 }s3;
 int main() {
     //创建Student对象
     //1. 
     struct Student s1;
     s1.name = "张三";
     s1.age = 18;
     s1.score = 100;
     cout << "姓名：" << s1.name << endl;
     cout << "年龄：" << s1.age << endl;
     cout << "分数：" << s1.score << endl;
     //2. 
     struct Student s2 = { "李四",19,80 };
     cout << "姓名：" << s2.name << endl;
     cout << "年龄：" << s2.age << endl;
     cout << "分数：" << s2.score << endl;
     //3.结构体的大括号后面，分号之前直接创建对象
     s3.name = "王二麻子";
     s3.age = 100;
     s3.score = 10;
     cout << "姓名：" << s3.name << endl;
     cout << "年龄：" << s3.age << endl;
     cout << "分数：" << s3.score << endl;
     system("pause");
     return 0;
 }

 

结构体数组

 Student arrays[3] =
     {
         {"张三",20,100},
         {"李四",21,80},
         {"王五",30,60}
     };
     
     for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(arrays) / sizeof(arrays[0]); i++) {
         cout <<"姓名："<< arrays[i].name << " ";
         cout <<"年龄："<< arrays[i].age << " ";
         cout <<"分数："<< arrays[i].score << " ";
         cout << endl;
     }
     
     cout<< arrays[2].name<<endl;

 

结构体指针

 //结构体指针：通过指针访问结构体中的成员
     //利用操作符->访问 
     Student stu1 = { "张三",20,100 };
     Student* p = &stu1;
     cout << p->name << endl;//指针访问
     cout << (*p).name << endl;

 

结构体嵌套结构体

 #include"methodState.h"
 ​
 struct Student
 {//自定义的数据类型：数据类型的集合
     string name;
     int age;
     int score;
 };
 struct Teacher
 {
     int id;
     string name;
     int age;
     Student stu1;
     Student stu2;
 };
 int main() {
     //结构体嵌套
     Student stu1 = { "张三",20,100 };
     Teacher t1 = { 2021,"李四",33,stu1 };
     cout << t1.stu1.name << endl;
     
     t1.stu2.name = "王五";
     t1.stu2.age = 19;
     t1.stu2.score = 75;
     
     system("pause");
     return 0;
 }

 

结构体做函数参数

 #include"methodState.h"
 ​
 struct Student
 {//自定义的数据类型：数据类型的集合
     string name;
     int age;
     int score;
 };
 void printStudent(Student stu) {
     cout << "值传递：" << stu.name << endl;
     cout << "值传递：" << stu.age << endl;
     cout << "值传递：" << stu.score << endl;
 }
 void printStudent(Student* stu) {
     cout << "地址传递：" << stu->name << endl;
     cout << "地址传递：" << stu->age << endl;
     cout << "地址传递：" << stu->score << endl;
 }
 int main() {
     Student stu1 = { "张三",20,100 };
 ​
     printStudent(stu1);
     printStudent(&stu1);
 ​
     system("pause");
     return 0;
 }

P68一半

来源：b站黑马