Action过滤器重构
(注:本文参照 NickChapsas的Attributes get a feature long-overdue in C# 11)
今天看一个泛型特性的例子,这个功能在C#11才受支持。
在asp.net core mvc中,可以给action添加filter,达到拦截作用,实现如下:
public class MyFilter : IAsyncActionFilter
{
public async Task OnActionExecutionAsync(ActionExecutingContext context, ActionExecutionDelegate next)
{
Console.WriteLine("Action前执行");
await next();
Console.WriteLine("Action后执行");
}
}
使用方式,在Action上添加ServiceFilter特性即可,如下:
[ServiceFilter(typeof(MyFilter))]
public IEnumerable<WeatherForecast> Get()
{
return Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(index => new WeatherForecast
{
Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(index),
TemperatureC = Random.Shared.Next(-20, 55),
Summary = Summaries[Random.Shared.Next(Summaries.Length)]
})
.ToArray();
}
在运行前记得把MyFilter注放到Service容器中:
builder.Services.AddScoped<MyFilter>();
为了支持C#11,在项目文件.csproj中,PropertyGroup中添加一行<LangVersion>preview</LangVersion>
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">
<PropertyGroup>
<TargetFramework>net7.0</TargetFramework>
<Nullable>enable</Nullable>
<ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
<LangVersion>preview</LangVersion>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.OpenApi" Version="7.0.0-preview.4.22251.1" />
<PackageReference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore" Version="6.3.1" />
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
现在就可以定义一个继承IFilterFactory的特性类了,并且是泛型的。
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = true, Inherited = true)]
public class GSWFilterAttribute<TFilter> : Attribute, IFilterFactory, IOrderedFilter where TFilter : IAsyncActionFilter
{
public bool IsReusable { get; set; }
public int Order { get; set; }
public IFilterMetadata CreateInstance(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
{
if (serviceProvider != null)
{
var filter = (IFilterMetadata)serviceProvider.GetRequiredService(typeof(TFilter));
if (filter is IFilterFactory filterFactory)
{
filter = filterFactory.CreateInstance(serviceProvider);
}
return filter;
}
else
{
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(serviceProvider));
}
}
}
使用时,直接把泛型类型放上就可以了,如下:
[GSWFilter<MyFilter>]
public IEnumerable<WeatherForecast> Get()
{
return Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(index => new WeatherForecast
{
Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(index),
TemperatureC = Random.Shared.Next(-20, 55),
Summary = Summaries[Random.Shared.Next(Summaries.Length)]
})
.ToArray();
}
虽然两种方法实现的功能是一样的,但后一种看起来更优雅一些。同时说明一下,如果多个MyFilter功能的过滤器,可以增加Order属性,如下:
[GSWFilter<MyFilter1>(Order = 2)]
[GSWFilter<MyFilter2>(Order = 1)]
public IEnumerable<WeatherForecast> Get()
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