Thread源码分析

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1、Runnable接口源码:

1 public interface Runnable {
2     public abstract void run();
3 }

  2、Thread类与Runnable接口的继承关系

1 public class Thread implements Runnable{
2 
3 }

  Runnable接口仅有一个run()方法,Thread类实现了Runnable接口,所以,Thread类也实现了Runnable接口。

  3、构造函数

1 public Thread() {
2     init(null, null, "Thread-" + nextThreadNum(), 0);
3 }
1 public Thread(Runnable target) {
2     init(null, target, "Thread-" + nextThreadNum(), 0);
3 }
1 public Thread(ThreadGroup group, Runnable target) {
2     init(group, target, "Thread-" + nextThreadNum(), 0);
3 }
1 public Thread(String name) {
2     init(null, null, name, 0);
3 }
                  还有其它的构造方法,此处省略。。。

  这里的第三个参数是设置线程的名称,从下面的代码中可以看出,生成名称的规则是:”Thread-”加上创建的线程的个数(第几个)。

继续查看init方法:

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 1 /**
 2      * Initializes a Thread.
 3      *
 4      * @param g the Thread group
 5      * @param target the object whose run() method gets called
 6      * @param name the name of the new Thread
 7      * @param stackSize the desired stack size for the new thread, or
 8      *        zero to indicate that this parameter is to be ignored.
 9      */
    //ThreadGroup:线程组表示一个线程的集合。此外,线程组也可以包含其他线程组。线程组构成一棵树,在树中,除了初始线程组外,每个线程组都有一个父线程组。  10 private void init(ThreadGroup g, Runnable target, String name, 11 long stackSize) { 12 Thread parent = currentThread(); 13 SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager(); 14 if (g == null) { 15 /* Determine if it's an applet or not */ 16 17 /* If there is a security manager, ask the security manager 18 what to do. */ 19 if (security != null) { 20 g = security.getThreadGroup(); 21 } 22 23 /* If the security doesn't have a strong opinion of the matter 24 use the parent thread group. */ 25 if (g == null) { 26 g = parent.getThreadGroup(); 27 } 28 } 29 30 /* checkAccess regardless of whether or not threadgroup is 31 explicitly passed in. */ 32 g.checkAccess(); 33 34 /* 35 * Do we have the required permissions? 36 */ 37 if (security != null) { 38 if (isCCLOverridden(getClass())) { 39 security.checkPermission(SUBCLASS_IMPLEMENTATION_PERMISSION); 40 } 41 } 42 43 44 g.addUnstarted(); 45 46 this.group = g;

    //每个线程都有一个优先级,高优先级线程的执行优先于低优先级线程。每个线程都可以或不可以标记为一个守护程序。当某个线程中运行的代码创建一个新Thread 对象时,该新线程的初始优先级被设定为创建线程的优先级,并且当且仅当创建线程是守护线程时,新线程才是守护程序。 

47     this.daemon = parent.isDaemon();
48     this.priority = parent.getPriority();
49     this.name = name.toCharArray();
50     if (security == null || isCCLOverridden(parent.getClass()))
51         this.contextClassLoader = parent.getContextClassLoader();
52     else
53         this.contextClassLoader = parent.contextClassLoader;
54     this.inheritedAccessControlContext = AccessController.getContext();
55     this.target = target;
56     setPriority(priority);
57         if (parent.inheritableThreadLocals != null)
58         this.inheritableThreadLocals =
59         ThreadLocal.createInheritedMap(parent.inheritableThreadLocals);
60         /* Stash the specified stack size in case the VM cares */
61         this.stackSize = stackSize;
62 
63         /* Set thread ID */
64         tid = nextThreadID();
65     }
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  初始化时设置了是否为守护线程,优先级,初始化名称。

  4、Thread的start方法的实现:

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 1 public synchronized void start() {
 2         /**
 3      * This method is not invoked for the main method thread or "system"
 4      * group threads created/set up by the VM. Any new functionality added 
 5      * to this method in the future may have to also be added to the VM.
 6      *
 7      * A zero status value corresponds to state "NEW".
 8          */
 9         if (threadStatus != 0)
10             throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
11         group.add(this);
12         start0();
13         if (stopBeforeStart) {
14         stop0(throwableFromStop);
15     }
16 }
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  这里主要的是start0方法;查看其实现:

 1 private native void start0();

  这里使用了本地调用,通过C代码初始化线程需要的系统资源。可见,线程底层的实现是通过C代码去完成的。

4、Thread的run方法的实现

1 public void run() {
2     if (target != null) {
3         target.run();
4     }
5 }

  这里的target实际上要保存的是一个Runnable接口的实现的引用:

1 private Runnable target;

  所以使用继承Thread创建线程类时,需要重写run方法,因为默认的run方法什么也不干。

  而当我们使用Runnable接口实现线程类时,为了启动线程,需要先把该线程类实例初始化一个Thread,实际上就执行了如下构造函数:

1 public Thread(Runnable target) {
2     init(null, target, "Thread-" + nextThreadNum(), 0);
3 }

  即是把线程类的引用保存到target中。这样,当调用Thread的run方法时,target就不为空了,而是继续调用了target的run方法,所以我们需要实现Runnable的run方法。这样通过Thread的run方法就调用到了Runnable实现类中的run方法。

  这也是Runnable接口实现的线程类需要这样启动的原因。

posted on 2016-02-03 14:25  左手指月  阅读(168)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报