SimpleMembership

最近2个月以来，一直在学习MVC，从最开始的2，一直到最新的4.从原来的aspx到现在的Razor引擎，越学越开心，越学越上瘾。

最近为新项目做准备，打算用MVC4,VS2012+SQL2012，反正啥新用啥。

新技术虽然方便，但也会遇到以往没有的问题，这不SimpleMembership在这里就出现了。

以下为学习SimpleMembership中遇到的一些问题及解决办法。

以前在webform中一直用Membership，MVC2，3中也一样使用，没啥差别，可这次不同了，Mvc4中突现SimpleMembership，初遇，百度一翻，觉得挺爽，功能基本和原来差不多，可以自动帮我建表。

但问题也来了，我不单要管理用户，还要管理角色。可角色管理网上却没查到相关资料。

直到今天和湿哥一起研究，又百度，又查查查，终于被我查到一篇英文文档，如下：

First, the new project template creates an MVC 4 Internet application without any provider configuration, but for the membership features to work properly during a migration, it appears you need at least some configuration. The following code makes sure the SimpleMembershipProvider and SimpleRolesProvider are in place.
<roleManager enabled="true" defaultProvider="simple">

  <providers>

    <clear/>

    <add name="simple" type="WebMatrix.WebData.SimpleRoleProvider, 

                             WebMatrix.WebData"/>

  </providers>      

</roleManager>

<membership defaultProvider="simple">

  <providers>

    <clear/>

    <add name="simple" type="WebMatrix.WebData.SimpleMembershipProvider,

                             WebMatrix.WebData"/>

  </providers>

</membership>
Then inside the Seed method of the DbMigrationsConfiguration<T> derived class, you can have:

protected override void Seed(MovieDb context)
{
    //context.Movies.AddOrUpdate(...);

    // ...

    SeedMembership();
}

private void SeedMembership()
{
    WebSecurity.InitializeDatabaseConnection("DefaultConnection",
        "UserProfile", "UserId", "UserName", autoCreateTables: true);

    var roles = (SimpleRoleProvider) Roles.Provider;
    var membership = (SimpleMembershipProvider) Membership.Provider;

    if (!roles.RoleExists("Admin"))
    {
        roles.CreateRole("Admin");
    }
    if (membership.GetUser("sallen",false) == null)
    {
        membership.CreateUserAndAccount("sallen", "imalittleteapot");
    }
    if (!roles.GetRolesForUser("sallen").Contains("Admin"))
    {
        roles.AddUsersToRoles(new[] {"sallen"}, new[] {"admin"});
    }
}

配置照做，看到SeedMembership与项目中的InitializeSimpleMembershipAttribute中的SimpleMembershipInitializer比较相像，就结合了一下

private class SimpleMembershipInitializer
        {
            public SimpleMembershipInitializer()
            {
                Database.SetInitializer<UsersContext>(null);

                try
                {
                    using (var context = new UsersContext())
                    {
                        if (!context.Database.Exists())
                        {
                            // Create the SimpleMembership database without Entity Framework migration schema
                            ((IObjectContextAdapter)context).ObjectContext.CreateDatabase();
                        }
                    }

                    WebSecurity.InitializeDatabaseConnection("DefaultConnection", "UserProfile", "UserId", "UserName", autoCreateTables: true);
                    
                    //-----------------
                    var roles = (SimpleRoleProvider) Roles.Provider;

                    if (!roles.RoleExists("Admin"))
                    {
                        roles.CreateRole("Admin");
                    }
                    //-----------------
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("The ASP.NET Simple Membership database could not be initialized. For more information, please see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=256588", ex);
                }
            }
        }