python：selenium测试登录在chrome中闪退
问题描述：使用selenium.webdriver时测试网页，进行自动登录测试总是在登录成功时闪退。使用指定驱动器位置的方式chrome也会闪退
1.正常使用chrome驱动打开一个网页，正常访问
from selenium.webdriver import Chrome
web = Chrome()
web.get("http://www.chaojiying.com/user/login/")
2.在使用selenium测试一个自动登录的程序，测试了很长时间，一直是闪退
chrome版本：版本 99.0.4844.51（正式版本） （64 位）
chromedriver版本：99.0.4844.51
seleniium版本:4.0+
from selenium.webdriver import Chrome from chaojiying import Chaojiying_Client from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By import time web = Chrome() web.get("http://www.chaojiying.com/user/login/") time.sleep(5) # Let the user actually see something! # 处理验证码 img = web.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/div/img').screenshot_as_png #登录超级鹰 chaojiying = Chaojiying_Client('18312341234', '123456', '912345') dic = chaojiying.PostPic(img,1902) verify_code = dic['pic_str'] # 想页面中填入用户名，密码验证码 web.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/p[1]/input').send_keys("18312341234") web.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/p[2]/input').send_keys("123456") web.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/p[3]/input').send_keys(verify_code) #点击登录 time.sleep(2) web.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/p[4]/input').click() # driver.quit()
3.测试指定浏览器驱动位置
看网上的教程是，没有指定chromedrive.exe的环境变量，或者chrome的内核版本跟chromedrive版本不一致，两种方式都进行了重试，然后在重装，仍然没用，这里是指定chromedrive.exe的代码部分
from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.firefox.service import Service service = Service(r"D:\WebSpider\venv\Scripts\geckodriver.exe") service.start() driver = webdriver.Remote(service.service_url) driver.get('http://www.chaojiying.com/user/login/')
官方文档中给到的介绍，指定chromedrive的路径，但是实测通过这种方式打开网页还是闪退，不清楚是不是网站针对chrome做的反爬手段
import time from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service service = Service('/path/to/chromedriver') service.start() driver = webdriver.Remote(service.service_url) driver.get('http://www.google.com/'); time.sleep(5) # Let the user actually see something! driver.quit()
4.尝试更换浏览器为火狐的，使用最新版的火狐浏览器，直接对应也是最新的火狐驱动
firefox驱动下载链接：https://gitHub.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases
火狐浏览器版本：101.0.1 (64 位)
火狐驱动版本：0.31.0 (2022-04-11, b617178ef491)
尝试使用指定火狐驱动打开之前写的程序，测试成功，问题还是出在了chrome浏览器中
from selenium.webdriver import Firefox from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from chaojiying import Chaojiying_Client import time web = Firefox() web.get("http://www.chaojiying.com/user/login/") # 处理验证码 img = web.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/div/img').screenshot_as_png chaojiying = Chaojiying_Client('18312341234', '123456', '912345') dic = chaojiying.PostPic(img,1902) verify_code = dic['pic_str'] # 想页面中填入用户名，密码验证码 web.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/p[1]/input').send_keys("183312341234") web.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/p[2]/input').send_keys("123456") web.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/p[3]/input').send_keys(verify_code) #点击登录 time.sleep(5) web.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/p[4]/input').click() # driver.quit
也可以使用指定火狐驱动器来执行
from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.firefox.service import Service from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from chaojiying import Chaojiying_Client import time service = Service(r"D:\WebSpider\venv\Scripts\geckodriver.exe") service.start() driver = webdriver.Remote(service.service_url) driver.get('http://www.chaojiying.com/user/login/'); time.sleep(5) # Let the user actually see something! # 处理验证码 img = driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/div/img').screenshot_as_png chaojiying = Chaojiying_Client('18312341234', '123456', '912345') dic = chaojiying.PostPic(img,1902) verify_code = dic['pic_str'] # 想页面中填入用户名，密码验证码 driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/p[1]/input').send_keys("18312341234") driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/p[2]/input').send_keys("123456") driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/p[3]/input').send_keys(verify_code) #点击登录 time.sleep(5) driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[1]/form/p[4]/input').click() # driver.quit()
5.针对chrome闪退，是driver的全局变量问题，以下方法经测试确实可以解决selenium打开chrome闪退的问题。
参考链接：https://www.csdn.net/tags/MtTaEg5sNzk1NzIzLWJsb2cO0O0O.html
1、不设置driver为全局，放在函数内（会闪退） from selenium import webdriver # 登陆百度 def main(): chromedriver_path = r"C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe" driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chromedriver_path) # 打开页面 page = driver.get('https://www.baidu.com/') if __name__ == "__main__": main() 2、把driver放在函数外，为全局（不会闪退） from selenium import webdriver chromedriver_path = r"C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe" driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chromedriver_path) # 登陆百度 def main(): # 打开页面 page = driver.get('https://www.baidu.com/') if __name__ == "__main__": main() 3、也可以把driver放在函数内，只要设置为全局变量就可以 from selenium import webdriver # 登陆百度 def main(): global driver chromedriver_path = r"C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe" driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chromedriver_path) # 打开页面 page = driver.get('https://www.baidu.com/') if __name__ == "__main__": main()
