部署：mysql搭建多主一从源复制环境
问题描述：搭建过一主多从的环境，由于数据库数据一致性要求高，有些情景会搭建一主多从的架构，搭建多主一从的模式，相对来说适合数据整合，将多个业务的库整合到一起，方便做查询，也可以当做一个监控其他主库数据的作用。但是搭建这样的模式极易造成数据冲突，同步的库名一致，导致主从异常，同时也对网络并发提出一定得要求
环境介绍：
正常可以将数据库分别放在不通的服务器上，本文方便测试，以下三个数据库都放在了同一台服务器上
IP：192.168.163.21 3306--主库 server_id:29 3307--主库 server_id:27 3308--收集从库 server_id:28
1.配置3306主库参数
[mysqld] basedir=/application/mysql datadir=/data/3306/data socket=/data/3306/mysql.sock port=3306 log-error=/data/3306/mysql.log log_bin=/data/3306/mysql-bin binlog_format=row #skip-name-resolve server-id=29 gtid-mode=on enforce-gtid-consistency=true log-slave-updates=1 # 需要同步库 binlog-do-db = dev3306 # 不需要同步库 binlog-ignore-db = mysql binlog_ignore_db = information_schema binlog_ignore_db = performation_schema binlog_ignore_db = sys
配置复制用户
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root1234'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
重启3306端口
systemctl restart mysqld3306
2.配置3307主库参数
[mysqld] basedir=/application/mysql datadir=/data/3307/data socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock port=3307 log-error=/data/3307/mysql.log log_bin=/data/3307/mysql-bin binlog_format=row skip-name-resolve server-id=27 gtid-mode=on enforce-gtid-consistency=true log-slave-updates=1 # 需要同步库 binlog-do-db = dev3307 # 不需要同步库 binlog-ignore-db = mysql binlog_ignore_db = information_schema binlog_ignore_db = performation_schema binlog_ignore_db = sys
配置复制用户
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
重启3307端口
systemctl restart mysqld3307
mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+ | mysql-bin.000015 | 362 | dev3306 | mysql,information_schema,performation_schema,sys | 55826e3e-7f15-11eb-a9e3-000c2959ac6a:1-236538 | +------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3.配置3307从库参数
[mysqld] basedir=/application/mysql datadir=/data/3308/data port=3308 socket=/data/3308/mysql.sock log-error=/data/3308/mysql.log log_bin=/data/3308/mysql-bin binlog_format=row skip-name-resolve server-id=28 gtid-mode=on enforce-gtid-consistency=true log-slave-updates=1 lower_case_table_names = 1 # 表名不区分大小写 master_info_repository = table relay_log_info_repository = table
重启生效
systemctl restart mysqld3308
mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | mysql-bin.000011 | 362 | dev3307 | mysql,information_schema,performation_schema,sys | 1a0da16a-7f15-11eb-a6b4-000c2959ac6a:1-16 | +------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
4.开启同步
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO -> MASTER_HOST='192.168.163.21', -> MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_USER='slave', -> MASTER_PASSWORD='root1234', -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000015', MASTER_LOG_POS=362 for channel '29'; 7, MASTER_USER='slave', MASTER_PASSWORD='root1234', MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000011', MASTER_LOG_POS=362 for channel '27';Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO -> MASTER_HOST='192.168.163.21', -> MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_USER='slave', -> MASTER_PASSWORD='root1234', -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000011', MASTER_LOG_POS=362 for channel '27'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)
mysql> start slave ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.163.21 Master_User: slave Master_Port: 3307 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000010 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 630 Relay_Log_File: mha4-relay-bin-27.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 320 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000010 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 630 Relay_Log_Space: 529 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 27 Master_UUID: 1a0da16a-7f15-11eb-a6b4-000c2959ac6a Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: 1bf45cd1-7f15-11eb-a810-000c2959ac6a:1-13 Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: 27 Master_TLS_Version: *************************** 2. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.163.21 Master_User: slave Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000014 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 630 Relay_Log_File: mha4-relay-bin-29.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 320 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000014 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 630 Relay_Log_Space: 529 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 29 Master_UUID: 55826e3e-7f15-11eb-a9e3-000c2959ac6a Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: 1bf45cd1-7f15-11eb-a810-000c2959ac6a:1-13 Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: 29 Master_TLS_Version: 2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
5.验证同步
在从库上手动创建dev3306和dev3307
3306
mysql> use dev3306; Database changed mysql> mysql> show tables; Empty set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> create table t1; ERROR 1113 (42000): A table must have at least 1 column mysql> mysql> mysql> create table t1 (id int); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> insert into t1 values(1),(2),(3); Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
3307
mysql> use dev3307; Database changed mysql> mysql> create table t2(id int); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into t2 values(4),(5),(6); Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
3308
mysql> select * from dev3306.t1; +------+ | id | +------+ | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | +------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from dev3307.t2; +------+ | id | +------+ | 4 | | 5 | | 6 | +------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
6.启动和停止单独slave进程
mysql> stop slave for channel '27'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> start slave for channel '27'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
7.但是以上主库参数设置binlog-do-db也会带来弊端，用这个参数限制同步哪些库的话，但是又想整体对mysql中所有的库做主从，就会比较麻烦。限制了同步某一个库，其他的库没法做实时同步，就不能保证mysql中其他库的安全性。另一方面如果不加这个参数进行多主一从的模式，进行全库都复制同步，就会造成数据冲突，从而主从异常
binlog-do-db=需要复制的数据库名，如果复制多个数据库，重复设置这个选项即可
binlog-ignore-db=不需要复制的数据库苦命，如果复制多个数据库，重复设置这个选项即可
参考文档：https://blog.csdn.net/wangsdsdfds/article/details/105809232
