Linux格式化磁盘挂载

查看磁盘挂载情况

[root@dm02 arcana]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/vda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000c750f

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/vda2         2099200   209715199   103808000   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/vdb: 1288.5 GB, 1288490188800 bytes, 2516582400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/centos00-root: 106.3 GB, 106296246272 bytes, 207609856 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/vdb 1TB 未挂载

新磁盘分区：

fdisk /dev/vdb
参数说明：
n：新建分区
  p: 主分区
  e: 扩展分区
上面可以默认回车，最后输入w （write）将操作写入磁盘

按顺序输入`n、p、1、w`

新磁盘分区命令

[root@dm02 arcana]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x3b51a560.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-2516582399, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-2516582399, default 2516582399): 
Using default value 2516582399
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1.2 TiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

格式化刚划分的磁盘，格式成ext4格式：

[root@dm02 arcana]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
78643200 inodes, 314572800 blocks
15728640 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2462056448
9600 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
        4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
        102400000, 214990848

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 

挂载文件目录：

新建/data目录

[root@dm02 arcana]# mkdir -p /data

写入开机自动挂载

[root@dm02 arcana]# echo "/dev/vdb /data ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

挂载至目录/data：

[root@dm02 arcana]# mount -a

查看最新磁盘分布

[root@dm02 arcana]# df -h
Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                    32G     0   32G   0% /dev
tmpfs                       32G  8.0K   32G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                       32G   42M   32G   1% /run
tmpfs                       32G     0   32G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos00-root   98G  9.1G   84G  10% /
/dev/vda1                  976M  163M  747M  18% /boot
/dev/vdb                   1.2T   77M  1.1T   1% /data

挂载成功！