MyBatis05——一对多和多对一处理

多对一处理

1、数据库表的设计

CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
 
INSERT INTO teacher(`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, '秦老师');
 
CREATE TABLE `student` (
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`tid` INT(10) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `fktid` (`tid`),
CONSTRAINT `fktid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
 
 
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('1', '小明', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('2', '小红', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('3', '小张', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('4', '小李', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('5', '小王', '1');

2、搭建测试环境

• 安装lombok插件
• 引入依赖

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
 <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
 <version>1.16.10</version>
</dependency>

3、编写实体类

@Data 
public class Teacher {
   private int id;
   private String name;
}

@Data
public class Student {
   private int id;
   private String name;
   //多个学生可以是同一个老师，即多对一
   private Teacher teacher;
}

4、编写实体类对应的Mapper接口

public interface StudentMapper {
}

public interface TeacherMapper {
}

5、编写Mapper接口对应的xml配置文件（⚠️注意命名空间！！）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
       PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
       "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.mapper.StudentMapper">
 
</mapper>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
       PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
       "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.mapper.TeacherMapper">
 
</mapper>

按查询嵌套处理

1、给StudentMapper接口增加方法

//获取所有学生及对应老师的信息
public List<Student> getStudents();

2、在对应的Mapper文件中配置

	<select id="getStudents" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
    	select * from student
    </select>
   <resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
       <!--association关联属性 property属性名 javaType属性类型 column在多的一方的表中的列名-->
       <association property="teacher"  column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
   </resultMap>
   <select id="getTeacher" resultType="teacher">
      select * from teacher where id = #{id}
   </select>

按结果嵌套处理

1、在接口中编写方法

public List<Student> getStudents2();

2、编写对应的mapper文件

<!--
按查询结果嵌套处理
思路：
   1. 直接查询出结果，进行结果集的映射
-->
<select id="getStudents2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2" >
  select s.id sid, s.name sname , t.name tname
  from student s,teacher t
  where s.tid = t.id
</select>
 
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="Student">
   <id property="id" column="sid"/>
   <result property="name" column="sname"/>
   <!--关联对象property 关联对象在Student实体类中的属性-->
   <association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
       <result property="name" column="tname"/>
   </association>
</resultMap>

一对多的处理

1、实体类编写

@Data
public class Student {
   private int id;
   private String name;
   private int tid;
}

@Data 
public class Teacher {
   private int id;
   private String name;
   //一个老师多个学生
   private List<Student> students;
}

按结果嵌套处理

1、TeacherMapper接口编写方法

//获取指定老师，及老师下的所有学生
public Teacher getTeacher(int id);

2、编写接口对应的mapper配置文件

<select id="getTeacher" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
      select s.id sid, s.name sname , t.name tname, t.id tid
      from student s,teacher t
      where s.tid = t.id and t.id=#{id}
   </select>
 
   <resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="Teacher">
       <result  property="name" column="tname"/>
       <collection property="students" ofType="Student">
           <result property="id" column="sid" />
           <result property="name" column="sname" />
           <result property="tid" column="tid" />
       </collection>
   </resultMap>

按查询嵌套处理
1、在接口中编写方法

public Teacher getTeacher2(int id);

2、编写接口方法对应的配置文件

<select id="getTeacher2" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
select * from teacher where id = #{id}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="Teacher">
   <!--column是一对多的外键 , 写的是一的主键的列名-->
   <collection property="students" javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Student" column="id" select="getStudentByTeacherId"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getStudentByTeacherId" resultType="Student">
  select * from student where tid = #{id}
</select>

1、关联-association
2、集合-collection
3、所以association是用于一对一和多对一，而collection是用于一对多的关系
4、JavaType和ofType都是用来指定对象类型的
- JavaType是用来指定pojo中属性的类型
- ofType指定的是映射到list集合属性中pojo的类型