Swift 泛型(generics)

Swift 使用<>来声明泛型函数或泛型类型:

1 func repeat<ItemType>(item: ItemType, times: Int) -> ItemType[] {
2     var result = ItemType[]()
3     for i in 0..times {
4         result += item
5     }
6     return result
7 }
8 repeat ("knock", 4)

Swift 也支持在类、枚举和结构中使用泛型:

1 // Reimplement the Swift standard library's optional type enum OptionalValue<T> {
2     case None
3     case Some (T)
4 }
5 var possibleInteger: OptionalValue<Int> = .None
6 possibleInteger = .Some (100)

有时需要对泛型做一些需求(requirements),比如需求某个泛型类型实现某个接口或继承自某个特定类型、两个泛型类型属于同一个类型等等,Swift 通过where描述这些需求:

 1 func anyCommonElements <T, U where T: Sequence, U: Sequence, T.GeneratorType.Element: Equatable, T.GeneratorType.Element == U.GeneratorType.Element> (lhs: T, rhs: U) -> Bool {
 2     for lhsItem in lhs {
 3         for rhsItem in rhs {
 4             if lhsItem == rhsItem {
 5                 return true
 6             }
 7         }
 8     }
 9     return false
10 }
11 anyCommonElements ([1, 2, 3], [3])

 

 

posted @ 2014-06-04 11:33  【Winco】  阅读(576)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报