android的布局管理器
理论上通过setContentView(view)能够把一个view设置到activity中,但当你有很多个view控件的时候,就需要用android的布局管理器来管理view控件了。
android布局管理器有以下几种:
1.线性布局 LinearLayout
2.框架布局 FrameLayout
3.表格布局 TableLayout
4.相对布局 RelativeLayout
5.绝对布局 AbsoluteLayout
一、LinearLayout 线性布局管理器
线性布局分为水平布局和垂直布局两种。水平布局就是把view水平排列,通过layout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.HORIZONTAL);垂直是吧View垂直排列,通过layout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL)来实现。
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); LinearLayout lly = new LinearLayout(this); LinearLayout.LayoutParams llp = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams( ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT); lly.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL); setContentView(lly, llp); LinearLayout.LayoutParams viewparams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams( ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); TextView tv1 = new TextView(this); tv1.setText("This is Text1"); tv1.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(0, 255, 30)); TextView tv2 = new TextView(this); tv2.setText("This is Text2"); tv2.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(255, 30, 60)); lly.addView(tv1,viewparams); lly.addView(tv2,viewparams); } }
上边代码中Layoutparams llp是为了保证setContentView时候 lly布局能够填满整个屏幕;而第二个Layoutparams viewparams则是为了让lly里边的控件都能够保持长度填满lly,高度取控件自身高度,最后通过addView(view, params),通过实验发现其实这里不设置params,直接addView(view)的效果是一样的,都是长填满,高取控件高度。
二、FrameLayout 框架布局管理器
这个感觉没有什么太大的作用,FrameLayout就是把布局里边的所有控件都放到左上角,并逐个覆盖。
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); FrameLayout ll = new FrameLayout(this); FrameLayout.LayoutParams llp = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams( ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT); setContentView(ll, llp); FrameLayout.LayoutParams viewparams = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams( ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); TextView tv1 = new TextView(this); tv1.setText("This is Text1Text1Text1."); tv1.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(0, 255, 30)); TextView tv2 = new TextView(this); tv2.setText("This is Text2"); tv2.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(255, 30, 60)); ll.addView(tv1,viewparams); ll.addView(tv2,viewparams); } }
三、TableLayout 表格布局管理器
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); TableLayout tl = new TableLayout(this); TableLayout.LayoutParams tlp = new TableLayout.LayoutParams( ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); tl.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN); setContentView(tl, tlp); String[][] data = new String[][]{ {"姓名", "学号", "年级", "职务", "住址"}, {"小明", "1000", "3", "班长", "北京市西山区第一街365号"}, {"小兰", "2001", "6", "班长,学习委员", "北京市海淀区春熙路63号"} }; for(int i=0; i<data.length; i++) { TableRow row = new TableRow(this); for(int j=0; j<data[i].length; j++) { TextView tv = new TextView(this); tv.setText(data[i][j]); row.addView(tv); } tl.addView(row); } //tl.setShrinkAllColumns(true); //所有列都可折叠 //tl.setColumnShrinkable(3, true); //第4列可折叠 //tl.setColumnCollapsed(2, true); //第3列不显示 } }
正常:
折叠:
不显示:
四、RelativeLayout 相对布局管理器
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); RelativeLayout rl = new RelativeLayout(this); RelativeLayout.LayoutParams rlp0 = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams( ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); rl.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(102, 255, 179)); setContentView(rl, rlp0); RelativeLayout.LayoutParams rlp = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams( ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); rlp.addRule(RelativeLayout.BELOW, 1); rlp.leftMargin = 10; rlp.topMargin = 10; TextView tv1 = new TextView(this); tv1.setText("This is Text1"); tv1.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN); tv1.setId(1); rl.addView(tv1); TextView tv2 = new TextView(this); tv2.setText("This is Text2"); tv2.setBackgroundColor(Color.BLUE); rl.addView(tv2, rlp); RelativeLayout.LayoutParams rlp2 = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams( ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); rlp2.addRule(RelativeLayout.RIGHT_OF, 1); rlp2.leftMargin = 10; TextView tv3 = new TextView(this); tv3.setText("This is Text3"); tv3.setBackgroundColor(Color.YELLOW); rl.addView(tv3, rlp2); } }
本来想用一个layoutParams通过addRule和removeRule的方式来控制所有的RelativeLayout中的view控件,但实验中却发现要使用removeRule必须把androidSDK改到17(本来是8),还有就是,layoutParams会把所有对它进行的设置都更改之后再去设置控件,有点不懂哈,上例子:
RelativeLayout.LayoutParams rlp = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams( ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); rlp.addRule(RelativeLayout.BELOW, 1); TextView tv1 = new TextView(this); tv1.setText("This is Text1"); tv1.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN); tv1.setId(1); rl.addView(tv1);
TextView tv2 = new TextView(this);
tv2.setText("This is Text2");
tv2.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);
rl.addView(tv2, rlp);
rlp.addRule(RelativeLayout.RIGHT_OF, 1);
和
RelativeLayout.LayoutParams rlp = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams( ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); rlp.addRule(RelativeLayout.BELOW, 1); rlp.addRule(RelativeLayout.RIGHT_OF, 1); TextView tv1 = new TextView(this); tv1.setText("This is Text1"); tv1.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN); tv1.setId(1); rl.addView(tv1);
TextView tv2 = new TextView(this);
tv2.setText("This is Text2");
tv2.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);
rl.addView(tv2, rlp);
结果是一样的,也就是说不管 rlp2.addRule(RelativeLayout.RIGHT_OF, 1);位置在rl.addView(tv2, rlp)的前边或者后边,结果都一样,这点和传统上的顺序执行有点不一样。
posted on 2014-08-15 16:36 atomgame的记事本 阅读(413) 评论(0) 编辑 收藏 举报