表达式:使用API创建表达式树(4)DynamicExpression
DynamicExpression:表示动态操作。这个网上可见的资料少得可怜,但想到MVC和第三方的动态语言能在NET运行。好奇的倒腾了下
先声明两个类(有相同的方法和字段,但不是继承于同一接口的类),设想是动态调用它们的方法和字段。
class AiTestD { public string Name = "你好!这是 AiTestD"; public int Id = 123; public static string AiTest(string ai1, string ai2) { return ai1 + ai2; } public static int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; } public int add2(int a, int b) { return -(a + b); } } class AiTestD2 { public string Name = "你好!这是 AiTestD2"; public int Id = 789; public static string AiTest(string ai1, string ai2) { return "**" + ai1 + ai2; } public static int add(int a, int b) { return (a + b) * 1000; } public int add2(int a, int b) { return -(a + b) * 1000; } }
第一个方法 AiDynamicDo,要实现的是获取两个类的Id属性质(这里是值类型操作,刚开始时,定义的是typeof(Func<CallSite, object, int>,总是编译不过,发现在 Expression.MakeDynamic 中的参数,只要是值类型都是通不过的,只有通过Expression.Convert转换成 typeof(object),才可以,但引用类型是不用转换的)
/// <summary> /// 获取字段 /// </summary> /// <param name="aiD"></param> static void AiDynamicDo(dynamic aiD) { //声明参数 ParameterExpression paramExpr = Expression.Parameter(typeof(object), "o"); //获取 CallSite 以支持调用时的运行时。 //CallSiteBinder 是必需的 //注意这里用的是 Binder.GetMember CallSiteBinder aiBinder = Binder.GetMember(CSharpBinderFlags.None, "Id", typeof(Program), new CSharpArgumentInfo[] { CSharpArgumentInfo.Create(CSharpArgumentInfoFlags.None, null) }); //定义一个动态表达式 //Func<CallSite, object, object>声明方式中 CallSite 是动态调用站点的基类。 此类型用作动态站点目标的参数类型。 //就是上面的 aiBinder,第二个参数是要传入的动态类型 用dynamic关键字也是可以的, //后面的参数是实际调用和返回的参数 //不过操作中发现在返回值一定要用 object 不然会编译不过 //当然也可用Action<CallSite, object,...>,除了没返回值,参数要求和用Func<CallSite, object, object>是一样的。 DynamicExpression Dynamic2 = Expression.MakeDynamic(typeof(Func<CallSite, object, object>), aiBinder, paramExpr ); //编译 LambdaExpression laExp = Expression.Lambda( Expression.Block( new ParameterExpression[] { paramExpr }, Expression.Assign(paramExpr, Expression.Constant(aiD)) , Dynamic2)); //执行 Console.WriteLine("AiDynamicDo:" + laExp.ToString()); Console.WriteLine("结果:" + laExp.Compile().DynamicInvoke()); Console.WriteLine(); }
调用:
AiDynamicDo(new AiTestD());
AiDynamicDo(new AiTestD2());
输出为:
AiDynamicDo:() => {var o; ... }
结果:123
AiDynamicDo:() => {var o; ... }
结果:789
/// <summary> /// 字段2 /// </summary> /// <param name="aiD"></param> static void AiDynamicDo2(dynamic aiD) { //Binder.Convert CallSiteBinder aiBinder = Binder.Convert(CSharpBinderFlags.None, typeof(object), typeof(Program)); ParameterExpression paramExpr = Expression.Parameter(aiD.GetType(), "o"); MemberExpression namePropExpr = Expression.Field(paramExpr, "Name"); var Dynamic2 = Expression.MakeDynamic(typeof(Func<CallSite, object, object>) , aiBinder , namePropExpr ); LambdaExpression laExp = Expression.Lambda( Expression.Block( new ParameterExpression[] { paramExpr }, Expression.Block(Expression.Assign(paramExpr, Expression.Constant(aiD)) ) , Dynamic2)); Console.WriteLine("AiDynamicDo2:" + laExp.ToString()); Console.WriteLine("结果:" + laExp.Compile().DynamicInvoke()); Console.WriteLine(); } /// <summary> /// 引用类型方法调用测试 Binder.Convert /// </summary> /// <param name="aiD"></param> static void AiDynamicDo3(dynamic aiD) { //Binder.Convert CallSiteBinder aiBinder = Binder.Convert(CSharpBinderFlags.None, typeof(object), typeof(Program)); ParameterExpression aiParamExpr = Expression.Parameter(aiD.GetType(), "o"); ParameterExpression aiParamExpr1 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(string), "a"); ParameterExpression aiParamExpr2 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(string), "b"); MethodCallExpression aiMth = Expression.Call( null, aiD.GetType().GetMethod("AiTest", new Type[] { typeof(string), typeof(string) }), aiParamExpr1, aiParamExpr2); var Dynamic2 = Expression.MakeDynamic( typeof(Func<CallSite, dynamic, object>), aiBinder, aiMth ); LambdaExpression laExp = Expression.Lambda(Dynamic2, aiParamExpr1, aiParamExpr2); Console.WriteLine("AiDynamicDo3:" + laExp.ToString()); Console.WriteLine("结果:" + laExp.Compile().DynamicInvoke("AiTest-", "动态调用")); Console.WriteLine(); } /// <summary> /// 值类型方法调用测试 Binder.Convert /// </summary> /// <param name="aiD"></param> static void AiDynamicDo4(dynamic aiD) { CallSiteBinder aiBinder = Binder.Convert(CSharpBinderFlags.None, typeof(object), typeof(Program)); ParameterExpression aiParamExpr = Expression.Parameter(aiD.GetType(), "o"); ParameterExpression aiParamExpr1 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(int), "a"); ParameterExpression aiParamExpr2 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(int), "b"); MethodCallExpression aiMth = Expression.Call( null, aiD.GetType().GetMethod("add", new Type[] { typeof(int), typeof(int) }), aiParamExpr1, aiParamExpr2); var Dynamic2 = Expression.MakeDynamic( typeof(Func<CallSite, dynamic, object>), aiBinder, Expression.Convert(aiMth, typeof(object)) //!!这里要转换,否刚不能通过 ); //LambdaExpression laExp = Expression.Lambda(Dynamic2, paramExpr1, paramExpr2); LambdaExpression laExp = Expression.Lambda( Expression.Block( new ParameterExpression[] { aiParamExpr1, aiParamExpr2 }, Expression.Block(Expression.Assign(aiParamExpr1, Expression.Constant(30)), Expression.Assign(aiParamExpr2, Expression.Constant(40)) ), Dynamic2 ) ); Console.WriteLine("AiDynamicDo4:" + laExp.ToString()); Console.WriteLine("结果:" + laExp.Compile().DynamicInvoke()); Console.WriteLine(); }
//与上例不同的是,本过程不是调用的反射方法 static void AiDynamicDo5(dynamic aiD) { //当调用方法是void类型时 应该用 CSharpBinderFlags.ResultDiscarded //第二个参数是方法名 //第三个参数要泛型时才结出 //第五个参数要与表达示参数据相同 var aiBinder = Binder.InvokeMember(CSharpBinderFlags.None, "add2", null, typeof(Program), new[] { CSharpArgumentInfo.Create(CSharpArgumentInfoFlags.None, null), CSharpArgumentInfo.Create(CSharpArgumentInfoFlags.None, null), CSharpArgumentInfo.Create(CSharpArgumentInfoFlags.None, null) }); ParameterExpression aiParamExpr = Expression.Parameter(typeof(object), "o"); ParameterExpression aiParamExpr1 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(int), "a"); ParameterExpression aiParamExpr2 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(int), "b"); //与上例中不同的地方 DynamicExpression aiDynamic = Expression.MakeDynamic(typeof(Func<CallSite, object, int, int, object>) , aiBinder , aiParamExpr , aiParamExpr1 , aiParamExpr2 ); //下面这种使用方式,在调用时DynamicInvoke(aiD,30,40) //LambdaExpression laExp = Expression.Lambda(Dynamic2, paramExpr, paramExpr1, paramExpr2); LambdaExpression aiLabExp = Expression.Lambda( Expression.Block( new ParameterExpression[] { aiParamExpr, aiParamExpr1, aiParamExpr2 } , Expression.Assign(aiParamExpr, Expression.Constant(aiD)) , Expression.Assign(aiParamExpr1, Expression.Constant(30)) , Expression.Assign(aiParamExpr2, Expression.Constant(40)) , aiDynamic)); Console.WriteLine("AiDynamicDo5:" + aiLabExp.ToString()); Console.WriteLine("结果:" + aiLabExp.Compile().DynamicInvoke()); Console.WriteLine(); }
调用:
AiDynamicDo2(new AiTestD());
AiDynamicDo2(new AiTestD2());
AiDynamicDo3(new AiTestD());
AiDynamicDo3(new AiTestD2());
AiDynamicDo4(new AiTestD());
AiDynamicDo4(new AiTestD2());
AiDynamicDo5(new AiTestD());
AiDynamicDo5(new AiTestD2());
输出:
AiDynamicDo2:() => {var o; ... }
结果:你好!这是 AiTestD
AiDynamicDo2:() => {var o; ... }
结果:你好!这是 AiTestD2
AiDynamicDo3:(a, b) => Convert System.Object(AiTest(a, b))
结果:AiTest-动态调用
AiDynamicDo3:(a, b) => Convert System.Object(AiTest(a, b))
结果:**AiTest-动态调用
AiDynamicDo4:() => {var a;var b; ... }
结果:70
AiDynamicDo4:() => {var a;var b; ... }
结果:70000
AiDynamicDo5:() => {var o;var a;var b; ... }
结果:-70
AiDynamicDo5:() => {var o;var a;var b; ... }
结果:-70000
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