C# 操作XML学习笔记
1. Customers.xml
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 2 <cust:customers xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="Customers.xsd" 3 xmlns:cust="http://asn.test.xsd/customers"> 4 <cust:customer customerid="1"> 5 <cust:firstname>John</cust:firstname> 6 <cust:lastname>Cranston</cust:lastname> 7 <cust:homephone>(445) 269-9857</cust:homephone> 8 <cust:notes><![CDATA[He registed as our member since 1990. John has nice credity. He is a member of Custom International.]]></cust:notes> 9 </cust:customer> 10 <cust:customer customerid="2"> 11 <cust:firstname>Annie</cust:firstname> 12 <cust:lastname>Loskar</cust:lastname> 13 <cust:homephone>(445) 269-9482</cust:homephone> 14 <cust:notes><![CDATA[Annie registed as our member since 1984. He became our VIP customer in 1996.]]></cust:notes> 15 </cust:customer> 16 <cust:customer customerid="3"> 17 <cust:firstname>Bernie</cust:firstname> 18 <cust:lastname>Christo</cust:lastname> 19 <cust:homephone>(445) 269-3412</cust:homephone> 20 <cust:notes><![CDATA[Bernie registed as our member since June 2010. He is a new member.]]></cust:notes> 21 </cust:customer> 22 <cust:customer customerid="4"> 23 <cust:firstname>Ernestine</cust:firstname> 24 <cust:lastname>Borrison</cust:lastname> 25 <cust:homephone>(445) 269-7742</cust:homephone> 26 <cust:notes><![CDATA[Ernestine registed as our member since Junl 2010. She is a new member.]]></cust:notes> 27 </cust:customer> 28 <cust:customer customerid="5"> 29 <cust:firstname>asn</cust:firstname> 30 <cust:lastname>asn</cust:lastname> 31 <cust:homephone>(445) 269-9857</cust:homephone> 32 <cust:notes><![CDATA[He registed as our member since 1990. John has nice credity. He is a member of Custom International.]]></cust:notes> 33 </cust:customer> 34 </cust:customers>
2. 操作类
1 class Books 2 { 3 4 5 private static string booksXsdPath = getProjectPath() + "files\\books.xsd"; 6 private static string booksXmlPath = getProjectPath() + "files\\booksSchemaFail.xml"; 7 8 9 private static void GenCustomerXSD() 10 { 11 12 XmlSchema _schema = new XmlSchema(); 13 //定义简单类型 NameSimpleType 14 XmlSchemaSimpleType _nameType = new XmlSchemaSimpleType(); 15 16 XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction _nameTypeRes = new XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction(); 17 _nameTypeRes.BaseTypeName = new XmlQualifiedName("string", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"); 18 XmlSchemaMaxLengthFacet _nameFacet1 = new XmlSchemaMaxLengthFacet(); 19 _nameFacet1.Value = "255"; 20 XmlSchemaMinLengthFacet _nameFacet2 = new XmlSchemaMinLengthFacet(); 21 _nameFacet2.Value = "3"; 22 _nameTypeRes.Facets.Add(_nameFacet1); 23 _nameTypeRes.Facets.Add(_nameFacet2); 24 25 _nameType.Content = _nameTypeRes; 26 27 28 //定义简单类型 PhoneSimpleType 29 XmlSchemaSimpleType _phoneType = new XmlSchemaSimpleType(); 30 31 XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction _phoneTypeRes = new XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction(); 32 _phoneTypeRes.BaseTypeName = new XmlQualifiedName("string", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"); 33 XmlSchemaMaxLengthFacet _phoneFacet1 = new XmlSchemaMaxLengthFacet(); 34 _phoneFacet1.Value = "25"; 35 _phoneTypeRes.Facets.Add(_phoneFacet1); 36 37 _phoneType.Content = _phoneTypeRes; 38 39 40 41 // 定义简单类型 NotesSimpleType 42 XmlSchemaSimpleType _notesType = new XmlSchemaSimpleType(); 43 44 XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction _notesTypeRes = new XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction(); 45 _notesTypeRes.BaseTypeName = new XmlQualifiedName("string", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"); 46 47 XmlSchemaMaxLengthFacet _notesFacet1 = new XmlSchemaMaxLengthFacet(); 48 _notesFacet1.Value = "500"; 49 50 _notesTypeRes.Facets.Add(_notesFacet1); 51 _notesType.Content = _notesTypeRes; 52 53 54 // 定义CustomerType复杂类型 55 XmlSchemaComplexType _customerType = new XmlSchemaComplexType(); 56 57 XmlSchemaSequence _sequence = new XmlSchemaSequence(); 58 59 XmlSchemaElement _firstName = new XmlSchemaElement(); 60 _firstName.Name = "firstName"; 61 _firstName.SchemaType = _nameType; 62 63 XmlSchemaElement _lastName = new XmlSchemaElement(); 64 _lastName.Name = "lastName"; 65 _lastName.SchemaType = _nameType; 66 67 XmlSchemaElement _homePhone = new XmlSchemaElement(); 68 _homePhone.Name = "homePhone"; 69 _homePhone.SchemaType = _phoneType; 70 71 XmlSchemaElement _notes = new XmlSchemaElement(); 72 _notes.Name = "notes"; 73 _notes.SchemaType = _notesType; 74 75 _sequence.Items.Add(_firstName); 76 _sequence.Items.Add(_lastName); 77 _sequence.Items.Add(_homePhone); 78 _sequence.Items.Add(_notes); 79 80 _customerType.Particle = _sequence; 81 82 83 // 定义属性customerId 84 XmlSchemaAttribute _customerId = new XmlSchemaAttribute(); 85 _customerId.Name = "customerId"; 86 _customerId.SchemaTypeName = new XmlQualifiedName("int", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"); 87 _customerId.Use = XmlSchemaUse.Required; 88 _customerType.Attributes.Add(_customerId); 89 90 // 定义 CustomersType 复杂类型 91 XmlSchemaComplexType _customersType = new XmlSchemaComplexType(); 92 XmlSchemaSequence _sq = new XmlSchemaSequence(); 93 XmlSchemaElement _customer = new XmlSchemaElement(); 94 _customer.Name = "customer"; 95 _customer.SchemaType = _customerType; 96 _customer.MinOccurs = 0; 97 _customer.MaxOccursString = "unbounded"; 98 _sq.Items.Add(_customer); 99 _customersType.Particle = _sq; 100 101 102 103 // 定义 customers 元素 104 XmlSchemaElement _customers = new XmlSchemaElement(); 105 _customers.Name = "customers"; 106 _customers.SchemaType = _customersType; 107 108 109 // 把 customers 元素， 添加到模式_schema下 110 _schema.Items.Add(_customers); 111 112 113 try 114 { 115 XmlSchemaSet _set = new XmlSchemaSet(); 116 _set.Add(_schema); 117 _set.Compile(); 118 } 119 catch (Exception ex) 120 { 121 Console.WriteLine("模式编译失败：" + ex.Message); 122 } 123 124 125 XmlTextWriter _write = new XmlTextWriter(getProjectPath() + "files\\customers.xsd", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8); 126 _schema.Write(_write); 127 _write.Close(); 128 129 } 130 131 132 133 /// <summary> 134 /// 通过 XmlReader 在加载XML文档时同时加载XSD进行校验 135 /// </summary> 136 private static void BooksValidationByXmlReader() 137 { 138 XmlSchemaSet schemaSet = new XmlSchemaSet(); 139 schemaSet.Add("urn:bookstore-schema", booksXsdPath); 140 141 XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings(); 142 settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema; 143 settings.Schemas = schemaSet; 144 settings.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler(ValidationCallBack); 145 146 // 在加载XML文档时同时，加载XSD，进行校验 147 XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(booksXmlPath, settings); 148 149 while (reader.Read()) ; 150 /* 151 * Validation Error: The element 'book' in namespace 'urn:bookstore-schema' 152 * has invalid child element 'author' in namespace 'urn:bookstore-schema'. 153 * 154 * List of possible elements expected: 'title' in namespace 'urn:bookstore-schema'. 155 * 156 * Validation Error: The element 'author' in namespace 'urn:bookstore-schema' 157 * has invalid child element'name' in namespace 'urn:bookstore-schema'. 158 * 159 * List of possible elements expected: 'first-name' in namespace 'urn:bookstore-schema'. 160 * 161 * */ 162 } 163 164 /// <summary> 165 /// 通过XmlDocument类的 Validate() 方法，验证XML数据是否符合指定的XSD模式文件 166 /// </summary> 167 private static void BooksValidationByXmlDocument() 168 { 169 XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); 170 171 /* 172 * doc.LoadXml() 从指定的xml string 字符串中解析XML DOM 173 * */ 174 doc.Load(booksXmlPath); 175 doc.Schemas.Add("urn:bookstore-schema", booksXsdPath); 176 doc.Validate(ValidationCallBack); 177 178 } 179 180 /// <summary> 181 /// 使用XPathDocument遍历XML文档 182 /// </summary> 183 private static void XPathNavigatorTravel() 184 { 185 XPathDocument _doc = new XPathDocument(getProjectPath() + "files\\Customers.xml"); 186 XPathNavigator _navigator = _doc.CreateNavigator(); 187 188 _navigator.MoveToRoot(); // 移到文档的根（文档根下有： XML声明， XML处理指令， XML根元素customers ） 189 _navigator.MoveToFirstChild(); // 移到XML根元素customers 190 191 if (_navigator.HasChildren) 192 { 193 _navigator.MoveToFirstChild(); // 移到根元素customers的customer子元素 194 195 do 196 { 197 string _id = _navigator.GetAttribute("customerid", "http://asn.test.xsd/customers"); 198 Console.WriteLine("Customer ID: " + _id); 199 200 _navigator.MoveToFirstChild(); // 移动到customer元素的firstname子元素 201 202 do 203 { 204 Console.WriteLine(" " + _navigator.Name + ": " + _navigator.Value); 205 } while(_navigator.MoveToNext()); 206 207 _navigator.MoveToParent(); 208 } 209 while (_navigator.MoveToNext()); 210 } 211 212 } 213 214 /// <summary> 215 /// 使用 XPathNavigator 类的 Select()方法， 选择XML文档节点 216 /// </summary> 217 private static void XPathNavigatorSelect() 218 { 219 XPathDocument _doc = new XPathDocument(getProjectPath() + "files\\Customers.xml"); 220 XPathNavigator _navigator = _doc.CreateNavigator(); 221 XmlNamespaceManager _manager = new XmlNamespaceManager(_navigator.NameTable); 222 _manager.AddNamespace("cust", "http://asn.test.xsd/customers"); 223 224 XPathNodeIterator _iterator = _navigator.Select("//cust:customer[@customerid=2]", _manager); 225 226 Console.WriteLine("选中的节点个数：" + _iterator.Count); 227 228 StringBuilder resultsb = new StringBuilder(); 229 int number = 1; 230 if (_iterator.Count > 0) 231 { 232 while (_iterator.MoveNext()) 233 { 234 resultsb.Append("第" + (number++) + "个customer节点：" + _iterator.Current.OuterXml); 235 } 236 } 237 else 238 { 239 resultsb.Append("无匹配的节点"); 240 } 241 242 Console.WriteLine(resultsb.ToString()); 243 244 } 245 246 247 static void Main(string[] args) 248 { 249 250 //BooksValidationByXmlDocument(); 251 252 //GenCustomerXSD(); 253 254 XPathNavigatorSelect(); 255 256 } 257 258 259 /// <summary> 260 /// 校验出错时的回调方法 261 /// </summary> 262 /// <param name="sender"></param> 263 /// <param name="e"></param> 264 public static void ValidationCallBack(object sender, ValidationEventArgs e) 265 { 266 Console.WriteLine("Validation Error: {0}", e.Message); 267 } 268 269 public static string getProjectPath() 270 { 271 string basePath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory; // \\XmlTest\\bin\\Debug\\ 272 string projectPath = basePath.Substring(0, basePath.IndexOf("bin")); 273 return projectPath; 274 } 275 }
