[WCF权限控制]利用WCF自定义授权模式提供当前Principal[实例篇]

在《原理篇》中我们谈到:如果采用自定义安全主体权限模式,我们可以通过自定义AuthorizationPolicy或者ServiceAuthorizationManager实现对基于当前认证用于相关的安全主体的提供,进而达到授权的目的。为了让大家对此有个更加深刻的认识,在这篇文章中我们会提供一个具体的例子。[源代码从这里下载]

目录:
一、创建自定义AuthorizationPolicy
二、创建自定义ServiceAuthorizationManager
三、通过自定义AuthorizationPolicy实现授权
四、通过自定义ServiceAuthorizationManager实现授权

一、创建自定义AuthorizationPolicy

我们先来演示通过自定义AuthorizationPolicy以提供当前安全主体的方式。我们通过自定义AuthorizationPolicy实现这样的授权策略:如果用户名为Foo(假设为管理员),我们创建一个包含“Administrators”角色的安全主体;而对于其他的用户,提供的安全主体的角色列表中仅仅包括“Guest”。我们为该自定义AuthorizationPolicy起名为SimpleAdministrators,SimpleAdministrators整个定义如下。

   1: public class SimpleAuthorizationPolicy : IAuthorizationPolicy
   2: {
   3:     public SimpleAuthorizationPolicy()
   4:     {
   5:         this.Id = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
   6:     }
   7:     public bool Evaluate(EvaluationContext evaluationContext, ref object state)
   8:     {
   9:         string userName = string.Empty;
  10:         foreach (ClaimSet claimSet in evaluationContext.ClaimSets)
  11:         {
  12:             foreach (Claim claim in claimSet.FindClaims(ClaimTypes.Name, Rights.PossessProperty))
  13:             {
  14:                 userName = (string)claim.Resource;
  15:             }
  16:         }
  17:         
  18:         if (userName.Contains('\\'))
  19:         {
  20:             userName = userName.Split('\\')[1];
  21:         }
  22:         evaluationContext.Properties["Principal"] = GetPrincipal(userName);
  23:         return false;
  24:     }
  25:  
  26:     private IPrincipal GetPrincipal(string userName)
  27:     {
  28:         GenericIdentity identity = new GenericIdentity(userName);
  29:         if (string.Compare("Foo", userName, true) == 0)
  30:         {
  31:             return new GenericPrincipal(identity, new string[] { "Administrators" }); 
  32:         }
  33:         return new GenericPrincipal(identity, new string[] {"Guest" }); 
  34:     }
  35:  
  36:     public ClaimSet Issuer
  37:     {
  38:         get { return ClaimSet.System; }
  39:     }
  40:     public string Id { get; private set; }
  41: }

这个安全主体的提供实现在Evaluate方法中,而其中唯一值得一提的是当前认证用户名的获取。在客户端被成功认证之后,被认证的用户实际上也通过某个声明(Claim)保存下来。该声明的类型为“http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/name”,可以通过ClaimTypes的静态属性Name得到。而该Claim对象的Resource就是用户名。在得到当前认证用户名之后,相应的GenericPrincipal对象被创建出来,并被置于EvaluationContext的属性列表中。并且该属性对应的Key为“Principal”。

二、创建自定义ServiceAuthorizationManager

接下来我们来通过自定义ServiceAuthorizationManager来实现与上面完全一样的功能,而已授权策略很简单,我们照例将该自定义ServiceAuthorizationManager起名为SimpleServiceAuthorizationManager。以下是SimpleServiceAuthorizationManager的定义。

   1: public class SimpleServiceAuthorizationManager : ServiceAuthorizationManager
   2: {
   3:     protected override bool CheckAccessCore(OperationContext operationContext)
   4:     {
   5:         string userName = operationContext.ServiceSecurityContext.PrimaryIdentity.Name;
   6:         if (userName.Contains('\\'))
   7:         {
   8:             userName = userName.Split('\\')[1];
   9:         }
  10:         operationContext.ServiceSecurityContext.AuthorizationContext.Properties["Principal"] = GetPrincipal(userName);
  11:         return true;
  12:     }
  13:     private IPrincipal GetPrincipal(string userName)
  14:     {
  15:         GenericIdentity identity = new GenericIdentity(userName);
  16:         if (string.Compare("Foo", userName, true) == 0)
  17:         {
  18:             return new GenericPrincipal(identity, new string[] { "Administrators"});
  19:         }
  20:         return new GenericPrincipal(identity, new string[] { "Guest" });
  21:     }
  22: }

和自定义AuthorizationPolicy不同的是,认证用户的获取在这里变得更加容易,我们直接可以通过当前ServiceSecurityContext的PrimaryIdentity获取。需要提醒一下的是,如果你在自定义AuthorizationPolicy的Evaluate方法中调用该属性,会出现一个StackOverflowException异常,因为该属性的调用本身又会触发Evaluate方法的调用。最后被创建的GnericPrincipal被保存在当前AuthorizationContext的属性列表中,属性的Key依然是“Principal”。

三、通过自定义AuthorizationPolicy实现授权

现在我们常见一个实例程序来应用我们创建的自定义AuthorizationPolicy,看看它是否能够起到我们期望的授权的作用。我们依然沿用我们再熟悉不过的计算服务的例子,解决方案依然按照如下图所示的结构来设计。整个解决方式包括四个项目:Contracts、Services、Hosting和Client。对于这样的结构我们已经了解得够多了,在这里没有必要再赘言叙述了。

clip_image001

在实例解决方案的整个结构建立之后,我们分别在Contracts和Services项目中定义服务契约接口和服务类型。下面是契约接口ICalculator和服务CalculatorService的定义。而在CalculatorService类的Add方法中应用了PrincipalPermissionAttribute特性,并将Roles属性设置成了Adminstrators,意味着该服务操作只能被管理员用户组中的用户调用。

   1: [ServiceContract(Namespace = "http://www.artech.com/")]
   2: public interface ICalculator
   3: {
   4:     [OperationContract]
   5:     double Add(double x, double y);
   6: } 
   7:  
   8: public class CalculatorService : ICalculator
   9: {
  10:     [PrincipalPermission(SecurityAction.Demand, Role = "Administrators")]
  11:     public double Add(double x, double y)
  12:     {
  13:         return x + y;
  14:     }
  15: }

现在通过Hosting这个控制台程序对上面创建的服务进行寄宿。下面给出的是整个寄宿程序的配置,从中我们可以看出:应用到CalculatorService的服务行为列表中包含了PrincipalPermissionMode为Custom的ServiceAuthorizationBehavior。而我们定义的SimpleAuthorizationPolicy类型被配置到了<authorizationPolicies>列表中。

   1: <?xml version="1.0"?>
   2: <configuration>
   3:   <system.serviceModel>
   4:     <services>
   5:       <service name="Artech.WcfServices.Services.CalculatorService" behaviorConfiguration="useCustomAuthorization">
   6:         <endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1/calculatorservice"  binding="ws2007HttpBinding" contract="Artech.WcfServices.Contracts.ICalculator"/>
   7:       </service>
   8:     </services>
   9:     <behaviors>
  10:       <serviceBehaviors>
  11:         <behavior  name="useCustomAuthorization">         
  12:           <serviceAuthorization principalPermissionMode="Custom" >
  13:               <authorizationPolicies >
  14:                 <add policyType="Artech.WcfServices.Hosting.SimpleAuthorizationPolicy, Artech.WcfServices.Hosting"  />
  15:               </authorizationPolicies>
  16:           </serviceAuthorization>
  17:           <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
  18:         </behavior>
  19:       </serviceBehaviors>
  20:     </behaviors>
  21:   </system.serviceModel>
  22: </configuration>

由于我们使用了WSHttpBinding,而它在默认的情况下采用Windows客户端凭证,为此我们需要创建两个Windows帐号Foo和Bar,密码被设定为Password。在如下所示的客户端代码中,我们分别以Foo和Bar的名义调用了服务。最后将服务能够成功调用的结果打印出来。

   1: class Program
   2: {
   3:     static void Main(string[] args)
   4:     {
   5:         ChannelFactory<ICalculator> channelFactory = new ChannelFactory<ICalculator>("calculatorService");
   6:         NetworkCredential credential = channelFactory.Credentials.Windows.ClientCredential;
   7:         credential.UserName = "Foo";
   8:         credential.Password = "Password";
   9:         ICalculator calculator = channelFactory.CreateChannel();
  10:         Invoke(calculator);
  11:  
  12:         channelFactory = new ChannelFactory<ICalculator>("calculatorService");
  13:         credential = channelFactory.Credentials.Windows.ClientCredential;
  14:         credential.UserName = "Bar";
  15:         credential.Password = "Password";
  16:         calculator = channelFactory.CreateChannel();
  17:         Invoke(calculator);
  18:  
  19:         Console.Read();
  20:     }
  21:     static void Invoke(ICalculator calculator)
  22:     {
  23:         try
  24:         {
  25:             calculator.Add(1, 2);
  26:             Console.WriteLine("服务调用成功...");
  27:         }
  28:         catch (Exception ex)
  29:         {
  30:             Console.WriteLine("服务调用失败...");
  31:         }
  32:     }
  33: }

从下面的结果来看,只有在用户名为Foo才能成功调用服务,而Bar由于权限不足会导致服务调用失败。这充分证明了通过自定义AuthorizationPolicy能够正确地起到授权的作用。

   1: 服务调用成功...
   2: 服务调用失败...

四、通过自定义ServiceAuthorizationManager实现授权

在证明我们自定义的AuthorizationPolicy确实能够按照我们定义的策略进行授权之后,我们来试试我们自定义的ServiceAuthorizationManager能否同样完成授权的使命。为此我们唯一需要做的就是改变一下服务寄宿程序的配置。

   1: <?xml version="1.0"?>
   2: <configuration>
   3:   <system.serviceModel>
   4:     <services>
   5:       <service name="Artech.WcfServices.Services.CalculatorService" behaviorConfiguration="useCustomAuthorization">
   6:         <endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1/calculatorservice"  binding="ws2007HttpBinding" 
   7:                   contract="Artech.WcfServices.Contracts.ICalculator"/>
   8:       </service>
   9:     </services>
  10:     <behaviors>
  11:       <serviceBehaviors>
  12:         <behavior  name="useCustomAuthorization">         
  13:           <serviceAuthorization principalPermissionMode="Custom" 
  14:                                 serviceAuthorizationManagerType="Artech.WcfServices.Hosting.SimpleServiceAuthorizationManager, 
  15:                                 Artech.WcfServices.Hosting" >
  16:             <!--<authorizationPolicies >
  17:               <add policyType="Artech.WcfServices.Hosting.SimpleAuthorizationPolicy, Artech.WcfServices.Hosting"  />
  18:             </authorizationPolicies>-->
  19:           </serviceAuthorization>
  20:           <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
  21:         </behavior>
  22:       </serviceBehaviors>
  23:     </behaviors>
  24:   </system.serviceModel>
  25: </configuration>

上面所示的采用自定义ServiceAuthorizationManager实现授权的配置。我们将之前添加的AuthorizationPolicy注释掉,然后通过ServiceAuthorizationBehavior配置节的serviceAuthorizationManagerType属性设置成我们自定义的SimpleServiceAuthorizationManager的类型。运行程序后,你会得到和上面一样的输出结果。

   1: 服务调用成功...
   2: 服务调用失败...

 

[WCF权限控制]利用WCF自定义授权模式提供当前安全主体[原理篇]
[WCF权限控制]利用WCF自定义授权模式提供当前安全主体[实例篇]

posted @ 2011-07-09 20:35  Artech  阅读(6015)  评论(29编辑  收藏  举报