那些你常用的JSP知识

脚本程序

<> 或者,您也可以编写与其等价的XML语句,就像下面这样: <jsp:scriptlet> 代码片段 </jsp:scriptlet>任何文本、HTML标签、JSP元素必须写在脚本程序的外面。 ###中文编码问题 如果我们要在页面正常显示中文,我们需要在 JSP 文件头部添加以下代码:<>

JSP声明

JSP表达式

<%@ directive attribute="value" %>

 


JSP内置对象

1.内置对象简介(web容器创建的 不需要new)

  1. 四种作用域范围
  2. out(是JSPWriter的一个实例,是向客户端输出内容常用的对象)

void println();void clear() 清除缓冲区的内容

  1. request/response(请求与响应模式)
    5 session
  2. application
  3. 其他内置对象 

 


JSP客户端请求
当浏览器请求一个网页时,它会向网络服务器发送一系列不能被直接读取的信息,因为这些信息是作为HTTP信息头的一部分来传送的

HTTP请求例子

在这个例子中,我们会使用HttpServletRequest类的getHeaderNames()方法来读取HTTP信息头。这个方法以枚举的形式返回当前HTTP请求的头信息。
获取Enumeration对象后,用标准的方式来遍历Enumeration对象,用hasMoreElements()方法来确定什么时候停止,用nextElement()方法来获得每个参数的名字

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 3 <%@ page import="java.io.*,java.util.*" %>
 4 <!DOCTYPE html>
 5 <html>
 6 <head>
 7 <meta charset="utf-8">
 8 <title>菜鸟教程(runoob.com)</title>
 9 </head>
10 <body>
11 <h2>HTTP 头部请求实例</h2>
12 <table width="100%" border="1" align="center">
13 <tr bgcolor="#949494">
14 <th>Header Name</th><th>Header Value(s)</th>
15 </tr>
16 <%
17    Enumeration headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();
18    while(headerNames.hasMoreElements()) {
19       String paramName = (String)headerNames.nextElement();
20       out.print("<tr><td>" + paramName + "</td>\n");
21       String paramValue = request.getHeader(paramName);
22       out.println("<td> " + paramValue + "</td></tr>\n");
23    }
24 %>
25 </table>
26 </body>
27 </html>

 

JSP服务器响应

Response响应对象主要将JSP容器处理后的结果传回到客户端。可以通过response变量设置HTTP的状态和向客户端发送数据,如Cookie、HTTP文件头信息等。

HTTP响应头程序示例

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page import="java.io.*,java.util.*" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>菜鸟教程(runoob.com)</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>自动刷新实例</h2>
<%
   // 设置每隔5秒自动刷新
   response.setIntHeader("Refresh", 5);
   // 获取当前时间
   Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar();
   String am_pm;
   int hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR);
   int minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
   int second = calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND);
   if(calendar.get(Calendar.AM_PM) == 0)
      am_pm = "AM";
   else
      am_pm = "PM";
   String CT = hour+":"+ minute +":"+ second +" "+ am_pm;
   out.println("当前时间: " + CT + "\n");
%>
</body>
</html>

 

 
 

Http状态吗实例

 
 1 <html>
 2 <head>
 3 <title>Setting HTTP Status Code</title>
 4 </head>
 5 <body>
 6 <%
 7    // 设置错误代码,并说明原因
 8    response.sendError(407, "Need authentication!!!" );
 9 %>
10 </body>
11 </html>

Get获取URL

 1 <%--
 2   Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
 3   User: tangwei9
 4   Date: 2017/7/14
 5   Time: 10:22
 6   To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
 7 --%>
 8 <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
 9 <%@ page import ="java.io.*,java.util.*"%>
10 <html>
11 <head>
12     <title>GET方式请求实例</title>
13 </head>
14 <body>
15 <h1>Get方式获取URL</h1>
16 <u1>
17     <li><p><b>站点名</b>
18     <%= request.getParameter("name")%>
19     </p>></li>
20 21     <li><p><b>网址名</b>
22     <%= request.getParameter("url")%>
23 24     </p>></li>
25 26 </u1>
27 </body>
28 </html>
29   

设置Cookie

 
<%
    String str  = URLEncoder.encode(request.getParameter("name"),"utf-8");
​
    // 设置 name 和 url cookie
    Cookie name = new Cookie("name",str);
​
    Cookie url = new Cookie("url",request.getParameter("url"));
​
    //设置Cookie的时间为1天
​
    name.setMaxAge(60*60*24);
    name.setMaxAge(60*60*24);
​
    //在响应头添加Cookie
​
    response.addCookie(name);
    response.addCookie(url);
​
​
​
%>

读取Cookie

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 
 2 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
 3 <%@ page import="java.net.*" %> 
 4 
 5 <% 
 6 Cookie cookie = null; 
 7 Cookie[] cookies = null; 
 8 // 获取cookies的数据,是一个数组 
 9 cookies = request.getCookies(); 
10 if( cookies != null ){ 
11 out.println(""); 
12 
13 for (int i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++){ 
14 cookie = cookies[i];
15      out.print("参数名 : " + cookie.getName());
16      out.print("<br>");
17      out.print("参数值: " + URLDecoder.decode(cookie.getValue(), "utf-8") +" <br>");
18      out.print("------------------------------------<br>");
19   }
20 }else{ 
21 out.println("没有发现 Cookie"); } 
22 
23 %> 

 

 

删除Cookie

 

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 
 2 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
 3 <%@ page import="java.net.*" %> 
 4 
 5 <% 
 6 Cookie cookie = null; 
 7 Cookie[] cookies = null; 
 8 // 获取当前域名下的cookies,是一个数组 
 9 cookies = request.getCookies(); 
10 if( cookies != null ){ 
11 out.println("查找 Cookie 名与值");for (int i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++){ cookie = cookies[i]; 
12 
13 if((cookie.getName( )).compareTo("name") == 0 ){ 
14 cookie.setMaxAge(0); 
15 response.addCookie(cookie); 
16 out.print("删除 Cookie: " + 
17 cookie.getName( ) + "); 
18 "
19 } 
20 out.print("参数名 : " + cookie.getName()); 
21 out.print(""); 
22 
23 out.print("参数值: " + URLDecoder.decode(cookie.getValue(), "utf-8") +" "); 
24 
25 out.print("------------------------------------"); 
26 
27 } 
28 }else{ 
29 out.println("没有发现 Cookie"); 
30 
31 } 
32 %> 
33 
34  

 

 

JSP Session

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 
 2 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
 3 <%@ page import="java.io.,java.util." %> 
 4 <% 
 5 // 获取session创建时间 
 6 Date createTime = new Date(session.getCreationTime()); 
 7 // 获取最后访问页面的时间 
 8 Date lastAccessTime = new Date(session.getLastAccessedTime());
 9 
10 String title = "再次访问菜鸟教程实例"; 
11 Integer visitCount = new Integer(0); 
12 String visitCountKey = new String("visitCount"); 
13 String userIDKey = new String("userID"); 
14 String userID = new String("ABCD");
15 
16 // 检测网页是否由新的访问用户 
17 if (session.isNew()){ 
18 title = "访问菜鸟教程实例"; 
19 session.setAttribute(userIDKey, userID); 
20 session.setAttribute(visitCountKey, visitCount); 
21 } else { 
22 visitCount = (Integer)session.getAttribute(visitCountKey); 
23 visitCount += 1; 
24 userID = (String)session.getAttribute(userIDKey); 
25 session.setAttribute(visitCountKey, visitCount); 
26 } 
27 %> 

文件上传代码

http://www.runoob.com/jsp/jsp-file-uploading.html

重定向百度代码

1 <%
2     String site = new String("http://www.baidu.com");
3     response.setStatus(response.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY);
4     response.setHeader("Location",site);
5 6 %> 

访问量统计

<%
        Integer count = (Integer) application.getAttribute("count");
        if(count == null || count == 0){
            out.print("<br>第一次访问</br>");
            count = 1;
        }else
        {
            out.print("欢迎访问本站");
         count++;
        }
        application.setAttribute("count",count);
%>
<p>页面的访问量为:<%= count%></p>>
 
 
发送邮件

 

http://www.runoob.com/jsp/jsp-sending-email.html

JSP操作数据库

http://www.runoob.com/jsp/jsp-database-access.html

 

posted @ 2017-08-31 10:51  Clay-  阅读(561)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报