长难句翻译作业答案

1. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.

 

美国经济主要是围绕着私有企业的市场经济，在这种经济中，消费者通过消费，在市场上购买他们最需要的商品与服务，从而很大程度上决定企业应该生产什么样的产品。

 

  2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.

 

因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望以及个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望（相结合），一起决定了应该生产什么样的产品，以及如何利用资源来生产这样的产品。

 

3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.

 

另一方面，如果大量生产某种产品会导致其成本下降，那么卖方和制造商就有可能会增加供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格，使得更多的消费者购买该产品。

 

4. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.

 

在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他一些特定的权利，例如确定产品价格的权利，以及与另一个私人个体(经济单位) 自由签定合同的权利。

 

5. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.

 

同时这些计算机记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这样就能相应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们(计算机)也能为促销活动找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。