linux: 在crontab中指定执行用户

一，使用-u参数指定用户:

1,添加编辑命令时指定用户

# -e : 编辑
# -u : 指定用户名
root@lhdpc:/data/api# crontab -e -u www-data
crontab: installing new crontab

2,查看cron中命令时指定用户:

# -l : 列出命令
# -u : 指定用户名
root@lhdpc:/data/api# crontab -l -u www-data

二，使用root在/etc/crontab中指定用户

root@lhdpc:~# more /etc/crontab 
# /etc/crontab: system-wide crontab
# Unlike any other crontab you don't have to run the `crontab'
# command to install the new version when you edit this file
# and files in /etc/cron.d. These files also have username fields,
# that none of the other crontabs do.

SHELL=/bin/sh
# You can also override PATH, but by default, newer versions inherit it from the environment
#PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

# Example of job definition:
# .---------------- minute (0 - 59)
# |  .------------- hour (0 - 23)
# |  |  .---------- day of month (1 - 31)
# |  |  |  .------- month (1 - 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr ...
# |  |  |  |  .---- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat
# |  |  |  |  |
# *  *  *  *  * user-name command to be executed
17 *    * * *   root    cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly
25 6    * * *   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily )
47 6    * * 7   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.weekly )
52 6    1 * *   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.monthly )
3,8,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,53,58 *     * * *   root    /usr/local/soft/php8.3.9/bin/php /home/liuhongdi/work/whoami.php
1,6,11,16,21,26,31,36,41,46,51,56 *     * * *   www-data    /usr/local/soft/php8.3.9/bin/php /home/liuhongdi/work/whoami.php >>/data/logs/test_status_`date -d 'tod
ay' +\%Y-\%m-\%d`.log 2>&1

说明：直接编辑/etc/crontab,需要使用root用户
需要在命令前指定用户

三，查看所有用户的cron命令:

1, 列出所有添加了cron命令的用户

root@lhdpc:/data/api# ls /var/spool/cron/crontabs/
root  www-data

2, 查看某用户的cron命令:

root@lhdpc:/data/api# more /var/spool/cron/crontabs/www-data