RAC维护
RAC管理工具srvctl
node2-> srvctl Usage: srvctl <command> <object> [<options>] commands: enable|disable|start|stop|relocate|status|add|remove|modify|getenv|setenv|unsetenv|config objects: database|instance|service|nodeapps|vip|asm|diskgroup|listener|srvpool|server|scan|scan_listener|oc4j|home|filesystem|gns For detailed help on each command and object and its options use: srvctl <command> -h or srvctl <command> <object> -h node2-> srvctl start -h The SRVCTL start command starts, Oracle Clusterware enabled, non-running objects. Usage: srvctl start database -d <db_unique_name> [-o <start_options>] Usage: srvctl start instance -d <db_unique_name> {-n <node_name> [-i <inst_name>] | -i <inst_name_list>} [-o <start_options>] Usage: srvctl start service -d <db_unique_name> [-s "<service_name_list>" [-n <node_name> | -i <inst_name>] ] [-o <start_options>] Usage: srvctl start nodeapps [-n <node_name>] [-v] Usage: srvctl start vip { -n <node_name> | -i <vip_name> } [-v] Usage: srvctl start asm [-n <node_name>] [-o <start_options>] Usage: srvctl start listener [-l <lsnr_name>] [-n <node_name>] Usage: srvctl start scan [-i <ordinal_number>] [-n <node_name>] Usage: srvctl start scan_listener [-n <node_name>] [-i <ordinal_number>] Usage: srvctl start oc4j [-v] Usage: srvctl start home -o <oracle_home> -s <state_file> -n <node_name> Usage: srvctl start filesystem -d <volume_device> [-n <node_name>] Usage: srvctl start diskgroup -g <dg_name> [-n "<node_list>"] Usage: srvctl start gns [-v] [-l <log_level>] [-n <node_name>] For detailed help on each command and object and its options use: srvctl <command> <object> -h
RAC管理工具crsctl
node1-> crsctl Usage: crsctl <command> <object> [<options>] command: enable|disable|config|start|stop|relocate|replace|stat|add|delete|modify|getperm|setperm|check|set|get|unset|debug|lsmodules|query|pin|unpin For complete usage, use: crsctl [-h | --help] For detailed help on each command and object and its options use: crsctl <command> <object> -h e.g. crsctl relocate resource -h node1-> crsctl start -h Usage: crsctl start resource {<resName> [...]|-w <filter>]|-all} [-n <server>] [-k <cid>] [-d <did>] [-env "env1=val1,env2=val2,..."] [-f] [-i] Start designated resources where resName [...] One or more blank-separated resource names -w Resource filter -all All resources -n Server name -k Resource cardinality ID -d Resource degree ID -env Start command environment -f Force option -i Fail if request cannot be processed immediately crsctl start crs [-excl] Start OHAS on this server -excl Start Oracle Clusterware in exclusive mode crsctl start cluster [[-all]|[-n <server>[...]]] Start CRS stack where Default Start local server -all Start all servers -n Start named servers server [...] One or more blank-separated server names
查看服务状态
node1-> crs_stat -t Name Type Target State Host ------------------------------------------------------------ ora.DATA.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora.FLASH.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora.GRIDDG.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora.cvu ora.cvu.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.devdb.db ora....se.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora.gsd ora.gsd.type OFFLINE OFFLINE ora....network ora....rk.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora....E1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora.node1.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.node1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora.node1.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora....E2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.node2.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.node2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.node2.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.ons ora.ons.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 node1->
检查CRS状态
检查本地节点的CRS状态
[root@node1 ~]# su - grid node1-> crsctl check crs CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
检查集群的CRS状态
[root@node1 ~]# su - grid node1-> crsctl check cluster CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
检查集群中节点的配置信息
[root@node1 ~]# su - grid node1-> olsnodes node1 node2 node1-> olsnodes -n node1 1 node2 2 node1-> olsnodes -n -i node1 1 node1-vip node2 2 node2-vip node1-> olsnodes -n -i -s node1 1 node1-vip Active node2 2 node2-vip Active node1->
查看集群软件各种版本信息
检查集群软件使用版本信息
node1-> id uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(dba) node1-> crsctl query crs activeversion Oracle Clusterware active version on the cluster is [11.2.0.3.0]
检查集群软件发行版本信息
node1-> id uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(dba) node1-> crsctl query crs releaseversion Oracle High Availability Services release version on the local node is [11.2.0.3.0]
检查集群软件安装版本信息
node1-> id uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(dba) node1-> crsctl query crs softwareversion Oracle Clusterware version on node [node1] is [11.2.0.3.0]
查看集群软件的表决磁盘信息
node1-> id uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(dba) node1-> crsctl query css votedisk ## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group -- ----- ----------------- --------- --------- 1. ONLINE 813f0beab69c4f6bbf1bb75622cb9013 (ORCL:VOL1) [GRIDDG] Located 1 voting disk(s).
查看系统DNS配置相关信息
node1-> id uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(dba) node1-> crsctl query dns -servers CRS-10018: the following configuration was found on the system: CRS-10019: There are 1 domains in search order. They are: localdomain CRS-10022: There are 1 name servers. They are: 192.168.1.176 CRS-10020: number of retry attempts for name lookup is: 4 CRS-10021: timeout for each name lookup is: 5 node1-> cat /etc/resolv.conf # Generated by NetworkManager # No nameservers found; try putting DNS servers into your # ifcfg files in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts like so: # # DNS1=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx # DNS2=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx # DOMAIN=lab.foo.com bar.foo.com search localdomain nameserver 192.168.1.176
查看集群SCANIP信息
node1-> id uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(dba) node1-> srvctl config scan SCAN name: scan-cluster.localdomain, Network: 1/192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0/eth0 SCAN VIP name: scan1, IP: /scan-cluster.localdomain/192.168.1.203
查看集群SCANListener信息
node1-> id uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(dba) node1-> srvctl config scan_listener SCAN Listener LISTENER_SCAN1 exists. Port: TCP:1521
查看集群软件OCR文件信息
node1-> id uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(dba) node1-> srvctl config scan_listener SCAN Listener LISTENER_SCAN1 exists. Port: TCP:1521 node1-> ocrcheck Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows : Version : 3 Total space (kbytes) : 262120 Used space (kbytes) : 2872 Available space (kbytes) : 259248 ID : 261559184 Device/File Name : +GRIDDG Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Cluster registry integrity check succeeded Logical corruption check bypassed due to non-privileged user node1-> exit logout [root@node1 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ocrcheck -local Status of Oracle Local Registry is as follows : Version : 3 Total space (kbytes) : 262120 Used space (kbytes) : 2652 Available space (kbytes) : 259468 ID : 1902369579 Device/File Name : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cdata/node1.olr Device/File integrity check succeeded Local registry integrity check succeeded Logical corruption check succeeded
查看集群软件OCR备份信息
node1-> id uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(dba) node1-> ocrconfig -showbackup node1 2013/07/02 06:59:51 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cdata/scan-cluster/backup00.ocr node1 2013/07/02 06:59:51 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cdata/scan-cluster/day.ocr node1 2013/07/02 06:59:51 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cdata/scan-cluster/week.ocr PROT-25: Manual backups for the Oracle Cluster Registry are not available
启动、停止集群数据库
node1-> id uid=1101(oracle) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1201(asmdba),1300(dba),1301(oper) node1-> srvctl stop database -d devdb
启动、停止集群服务
[root@node1 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl stop cluster -all
RAC启、停单节点
srvctl start database -d devdb -i devdb1 srvctl stop database -d devdb -i devdb2
实验：负载均衡和故障转移
实验目的：从不同的客户端连接，查看RAC的负载均衡功能；模拟节点故障，查看RAC的故障转移功能，vip漂移.
[root@node1 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl stop cluster CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.crsd' on 'node1' CRS-2790: Starting shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on 'node1' CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.LISTENER.lsnr' on 'node1' CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.GRIDDG.dg' on 'node1' CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.devdb.db' on 'node1' CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.LISTENER.lsnr' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.node1.vip' on 'node1' CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.node1.vip' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.node1.vip' on 'node2' CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.devdb.db' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.DATA.dg' on 'node1' CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.FLASH.dg' on 'node1' CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.node1.vip' on 'node2' succeeded CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.FLASH.dg' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.DATA.dg' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.GRIDDG.dg' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on 'node1' CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.asm' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ons' on 'node1' CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ons' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.net1.network' on 'node1' CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.net1.network' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2792: Shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on 'node1' has completed CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.crsd' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ctssd' on 'node1' CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.evmd' on 'node1' CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on 'node1' CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.evmd' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ctssd' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.asm' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'node1' CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cssd' on 'node1' CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssd' on 'node1' succeeded
[root@node1 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crs_stat -t CRS-0184: Cannot communicate with the CRS daemon.
SQL> select inst_id,sid,serial#,paddr,username from gV$session where username is not null; INST_ID SID SERIAL# PADDR USERNAME ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- ------------------------------ 2 15 1 00000000918A5F50 SYS 2 21 27 00000000918B2790 SYS 2 27 1 00000000918B48F0 SYS 2 31 65 00000000918B8BB0 SCOTT 2 35 33 00000000918C3290 SYS
[root@node2 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crs_stat -t Name Type Target State Host ------------------------------------------------------------ ora.DATA.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.FLASH.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.GRIDDG.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.cvu ora.cvu.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.devdb.db ora....se.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.gsd ora.gsd.type OFFLINE OFFLINE ora....network ora....rk.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.node1.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora....E2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.node2.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.node2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.node2.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.ons ora.ons.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.type ONLINE ONLINE node2
[root@node2 ~]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:70:8F:EA inet addr:192.168.1.192 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe70:8fea/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:2663 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1666 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:370296 (361.6 KiB) TX bytes:255801 (249.8 KiB) eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:70:8F:EA inet addr:192.168.1.193 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth0:2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:70:8F:EA inet addr:192.168.1.203 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth0:3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:70:8F:EA inet addr:192.168.1.194 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:70:8F:F4 inet addr:192.168.137.12 Bcast:192.168.137.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe70:8ff4/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:217323 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:265784 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:105910612 (101.0 MiB) TX bytes:175678177 (167.5 MiB) eth1:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:70:8F:F4 inet addr:169.254.192.219 Bcast:169.254.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:57300 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:57300 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:27887059 (26.5 MiB) TX bytes:27887059 (26.5 MiB)
[root@node1 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl start cluster CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'node1' CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on 'node1' CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on 'node1' CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.ctssd' on 'node1' CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'node1' CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.ctssd' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.evmd' on 'node1' CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.evmd' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on 'node1' CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on 'node1' succeeded CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.crsd' on 'node1' CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.crsd' on 'node1' succeeded
[root@node1 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crs_stat -t Name Type Target State Host ------------------------------------------------------------ ora.DATA.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora.FLASH.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora.GRIDDG.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora.cvu ora.cvu.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.devdb.db ora....se.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.gsd ora.gsd.type OFFLINE OFFLINE ora....network ora....rk.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora....E1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora.node1.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.node1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora.node1.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora....E2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.node2.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.node2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.node2.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type ONLINE ONLINE node2 ora.ons ora.ons.type ONLINE ONLINE node1 ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.type ONLINE ONLINE node2
SQL> select inst_id,sid,serial#,paddr,username from gV$session where username is not null; INST_ID SID SERIAL# PADDR USERNAME ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- ------------------------------ 2 15 1 00000000918A5F50 SYS 2 21 27 00000000918B2790 SYS 2 27 1 00000000918B48F0 SYS 2 31 65 00000000918B8BB0 SCOTT 2 35 33 00000000918C3290 SYS 2 161 59 00000000918A7000 SYS 1 15 3 00000000918A5F50 SYS 1 16 9 00000000918B2790 SYS 1 154 19 00000000918B59A0 SCOTT 1 156 25 00000000918B3840 SYS 10 rows selected.
如何查看ASM磁盘组使用情况?
SQL> show user USER is "SYS" SQL> select name,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup; NAME TOTAL_MB FREE_MB ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- DATA 10236 8100 FLASH 10236 9821 GRIDDG 1022 624
查看RAC数据库的运行状态
node2-> id uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(dba) node2-> srvctl status database -d devdb Instance devdb1 is running on node node1 Instance devdb2 is running on node node2
查看日志情况
SQL> set line 200 SQL> select * from v$log; GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------- ------------ ------------------- 1 1 15 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 1271454 2013/07/03 17:15:30 2.8147E+14 2 1 14 52428800 512 2 YES INACTIVE 1271439 2013/07/03 17:15:13 1271454 2013/07/03 17:15:30 3 2 11 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 1272703 2013/07/03 17:29:20 2.8147E+14 2013/07/03 17:29:20 4 2 10 52428800 512 2 YES INACTIVE 1271444 2013/07/03 17:15:23 1271450 2013/07/03 17:15:25
RAC环境中查看用户是从哪个节点中登陆上来的
SQL> select inst_id,sid,serial#,paddr,username from gV$session where username = 'SCOTT' INST_ID SID SERIAL# PADDR USERNAME ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- ------------------------------ 1 31 1155 000000009E0B48F0 SCOTT 1 166 735 000000009E0AB2C0 SCOTT SQL>
RAC主库准备工作
>>RAC主库必须置为归档模式(节点1与节点2一致)
SQL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Oldest online log sequence 14 Next log sequence to archive 15 Current log sequence 15
>>RAC主库必须置为ForceLogging模式(节点1与节点2一致)
SQL> select name,log_mode,force_logging from gv$database; NAME LOG_MODE FOR --------- ------------ --- DEVDB ARCHIVELOG YES DEVDB ARCHIVELOG YES
>>RAC主库执行RMAN全备(数据库和归档日志)
run{ allocate channel c1 type disk; allocate channel c2 type disk; allocate channel c3 type disk; allocate channel c4 type disk; backup database format '/rman_backup/Full_%U.bak'; backup archivelog all format '/rman_backup/ARC_%U.bak'; release channel c1; release channel c2; release channel c3; release channel c4; }
>>RAC主库执行创建物理备库控制文件
backup device type disk format '/rman_backup/standby_%U.ctl' current controfile for standby;
>>RAC主库创建物理备库初始化参数文件
SQL>create pfile='/rman_backup/initphydb.ora' from spfile;
>>RAC主库修改口令文件，使双节点SYS用户口令一致
alter sys identified by oracle;
alter sys identifide by roacle;
