MYSQL完整安装和主从双机配置

原作者：marry，联系：macrdy@126.com

示例主机：192.168.0.1 示例备机：192.168.0.2

################################# mysql 完整安装 ###########################
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
mv /root/mysql-5.0.51b.tar.gz /usr/local/src
tar -zxvf mysql-5.0.51b.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.0.51b
./configure --with-charset=latin1 --with-extra-charsets=all --enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-user=mysql --prefix=/usr/local/mysql-5.0.51b --localstatedir=/data/mysql5051_db
make
make install
ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.0.51b /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql5051_db/dbdata
mkdir -p /data/mysql5051_db/innodb
mkdir -p /data/mysql5051_db/binlog
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql5051_db
chmod -R 775 /data/mysql5051_db
cd /usr/local/src/mysql-5.0.51b
vim ./scripts/mysql_install_db中的ldata=/data/mysql5051_db/dbdata
cp ./support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
/usr/local/mysql-5.0.51b/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.0.51b --ldata=/data/mysql5051_db/dbdata --user=mysql
vim /etc/my.cnf
bind-address    = 192.168.0.8
datadir     = /data/mysql5051_db/dbdata/
pid-file    = /data/mysql5051_db/my.pid
log-slow-queries=/data/mysql5051_db/dbdata/slowquery.sql
log-bin  = /data/mysql5051_db/binlog/sortrepl.log
################innodb####################
# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql5051_db/innodb/
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1000M;ibdata2:1000M:autoextend:max:800M

innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql5051_db/innodb/
innodb_log_arch_dir = /data/mysql5051_db/innodb/
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 600M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
innodb_log_files_in_group = 4
innodb_log_file_size = 400M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 160M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
#innodb_flush_method = O_DSYNC
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
################innodb####################

#启动服务
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe -umysql &
# /usr/local/mysql-5.0.51b/bin/mysql
#关闭服务
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin shutdown
################################# mysql 完整安装完成 ###########################

按照上面的步骤两台服务器同时安装,并保证可以启动mysql

1. 理想情况，应在主服务器和从服务器上使用最近版本的MySQL。
2. 在主服务器上为服务器设置一个连接账户。
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'test'@'192.168.0.2' IDENTIFIED BY 'db@test';
3. 关闭主从数据库
linux-A:/data # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin shutdown
linux-B:/data # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin shutdown
linux-A:/etc # vi my.cnf
    在[mysqld] 段内加入
    server-id             = 1                #设置主机id标识
    binlog-do-db      = test            #设置需要同步的数据库，如果有多个数据库，每个数据库一行
    log-bin = /data/mysql5051_db/binlog/master.log #mysql日志
7. 修改从数据库的配置文件 my.cnf
linux-B:/etc # vi my.cnf
    在[mysqld] 段内加入
    server-id      = 2                       #设置从机id标识,如果有多个从机，可以顺序增加ID为3,4...
    master-host    = 192.168.0.1             #主机地址
    master-user    = test                    #主机mysql数据库用户
    master-password    = db@test              #主机mysql数据库密码
    replicate-do-db    = test           #同步的数据库，如果有多个数据库，每个数据库一行
    log-bin     = /data/mysql5051_db/binlog/slave.log #本机mysql日志
    relay-log   = /data/mysql5051_db/binlog/relay.log #同步日志
    log-slave-updates                        #同步方式
    read-only
    master-connect-retry=60
8. 开启主从数据库
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe -umysql &

9. 看同步情况
mysql> show slave status\G
           Slave_IO_Running: Yes
          Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
   证明同步已经成功!
10.导入数据
主:
create database test
这里备机也会有这个库了，也就是说MYSQL将创建数据库的操作也同步了，够强吧。
然后，再把数据导入即可：
root@test:/data# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql test <./db.dump
上备机，查看数据,也已经OK。

mysql启动时,如果./configure时不指定--defaults-extra-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/my-small.cnf
默认就是--defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf