第八章---输入和输出
目录:
(1)字符串 format()
正文:
(1)字符串 format()
format() 方法允许您格式化字符串的选定部分。有时文本的一部分是你无法控制的,也许它们来自数据库或用户输入?
要控制此类值,请在文本中添加占位符(花括号 {}),然后通过 format() 方法运行值。
price = 52 txt = "The price is {} dollars" print(txt.format(price))
The price is 52 dollars
您可以在花括号内添加参数以指定如何转换值
price = 52 txt = "The price is {:.2f} dollars" print(txt.format(price)) 运行结果: The price is 52.00 dollars
多个值
如需使用更多值,只需向 format() 方法添加更多值: print(txt.format(price, itemno, count)) quantity = 3 itemno = 567 price = 52 myorder = "I want {} pieces of item number {} for {:.2f} dollars." print(myorder.format(quantity, itemno, price)) 运行结果: I want 3 pieces of item number 567 for 52.00 dollars.
索引号
您可以使用索引号(花括号 {0} 内的数字)来确保将值放在正确的占位符中: 实例 quantity = 3 itemno = 567 price = 52 myorder = "I want {0} pieces of item number {1} for {2:.2f} dollars." print(myorder.format(quantity, itemno, price))
I want 3 pieces of item number 567 for 52.00 dollars.
此外,如果要多次引用相同的值,请使用索引号
age = 63 name = "Bill" txt = "His name is {1}. {1} is {0} years old." print(txt.format(age, name)) 运行结果: His name is Bill. Bill is 63 years old.
命名索引
您还可以通过在花括号 {carname} 中输入名称来使用命名索引,但是在传递参数值 txt.format(carname = "Ford") 时,必须使用名称: 实例 myorder = "I have a {carname}, it is a {model}." print(myorder.format(carname = "Porsche", model = "911"))
运行结果 I have a Porsche, it is a 911.
参考:https://www.w3school.com.cn/python/python_string_formatting.asp